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Articles

RESULTS OF GROUND WATER MONITORING FOLLOWING CHLOROTHALONIL APPLICATION TO A POTATO FIELD IN ATLANTIC CANADA

Pages 305-312 | Published online: 23 Jan 2013
 

Abstract

An experimental field, located in Nova Scotia, Canada, was cropped in potatoes for two consecutive years. During that period, chlorothalonil (tetrachloroisophtalonitrile), a non-systemic, broad-spectrum fungicide used extensively on potato crops in Atlantic Canada, was used according to normal agricultural practices. Ground water samples, collected four times a year from 5 piezometers and 47 lysimeters, were analyzed for chlorothalonil and its degradation products 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-trichloroisophtalonitrile, 3-cyano-2,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzamide and 3-cyano-2,5,6-trichlorobenzamide. A nearby uncultivated field fitted with 3 piezometers was used as a control site. With the exception of eight questionable results, chlorothalonil and its degradation products were not otherwise detected in any of the 300 piezometer and lysimeter water samples taken from both the experimental and the control field. It was therefore concluded that the application of chlorothalonil, in the form of a commercially available formulation, to a potato crop, under the typical Eastern Canada climate, soil and agricultural practices outlined in this study, is not conducive to ground water contamination either by chlorothalonil itself or by its degradation products 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-trichloroisophtalonitrile, 3-cyano-2,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzamide and 3-cyano-2,5,6-trichlorobenzamide.

Des patates ont été cultivées pendant deux ans sur une terre de culture expérimentale située en Nouvelle-Écosse au Canada. Durant cette période, le chlorothalonil (tetrachloroisophtalonitrile), un fongicide très utilisé aux Maritimes sur les cultures de patates, a été employé de manière conventionnelle. Des échantillons d’eau souterraine ont été recueillis quatre fois par année à partir de 5 piézomètres et 47 lysimètres et analysés pour le chlorothalonil et les produits de dégradation hydroxy-4 trichloro-2,5,6 isophtalonitrile, cyano-3 tetrachloro-2,4,5,6 benzamide et cyano-3 trichloro-2,5,6 benzamide. Trois piézomètres situés dans un champ avoisinant non-cultivé ont servi comme contrôle. A part huit résultats douteux, le chlorothalonil et ses produits de dégradation n’ont été trouvés dans aucun des 300 échantillons d’eau recueillis. Il a été conclu que l’usage du chlorothalonil, sous une forme disponible commercialement, sur les cultures de patates et dans des conditions typiques du climat, des sols et des pratiques agricoles de l’est du Canada, ne favorise pas la contamination des eaux souterraines soit par le chlorothalonil, soit par les produits de dégradation hydroxy-4 trichloro-2,5,6 isophtalonitrile, cyano-3 tetrachloro-2,4,5,6 benzamide et cyano-3 trichloro-2,5,6 benzamide.

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