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Articles

A Comparison of Trends in Hydrological Variables for Two Watersheds in the Mackenzie River Basin

Pages 283-298 | Published online: 23 Jan 2013
 

Abstract

A study of trends and variability of hydrological variables was conducted for natural streamflow gauging stations within two watersheds that are important sources of flow within the Mackenzie River Basin. A comparison was made between trend results for the Liard River Basin and for the Athabasca River Basin. These basins represent a north-south transect of high elevation headwater basins within the Mackenzie River system and are significant since they produce 34% of the annual flow, while occupying only 24% of the total drainage area. Trend analysis was conducted using the Mann-Kendall test with an approach that corrects for serial correlation. The global (or field) significance of the results for each watershed was evaluated using a bootstrap resampling approach. The relationships between trends in hydrological variables and trends in meteorological variables were investigated using partial correlation analysis. The results reveal more trends in some hydrological variables than are expected to occur by chance. In general, both basins exhibit an increase in winter flows and some increase in spring runoff. These increased flows are somewhat offset by decreases (not field significant) in summertime flow. Almost 50% of the stations used in the analysis show an increasing trend in annual minimum flows. Other differences in trend responses are noted for the two watersheds and possible explanations for the differences are hypothesized.

Une tude des tendances et de la variabilit de variables hydrologiques a t mene pour des stations de mesure de l'coulement naturel l'intrieur de deux bassins hydrographiques qui reprsentent d'importantes sources d'coulement dans le bassin du fleuve Mackenzie. Une comparaison a t tablie entre les tendances obtenues pour le bassin de la rivire Liard et pour le bassin de la rivire Athabasca. Ces bassins reprsentent un transect nord-sud des bassins de cours suprieur d'altitude leve l'intrieur du systme fluvial du Mackenzie et revtent de l'importance car ils produisent 34% du dbit annuel, alors qu'ils n'occupent que seulement 24% de la zone de drainage totale. Les tendances ont t analyses l'aide du test de Mann-Kendall, avec une correction des auto-corrlations. Le niveau de signification des rsultats pour chaque bassin a t valu grce la mthode de rchantillonnage Bootstrap. Les relations entre les tendances propres aux variables hydrologiques et les tendances propres aux variables mtorologiques ont t tudies par analyse de corrlation partielle. Les rsultats rvlent pour certaines variables hydrologiques une volution des tendances qui ne saurait relever du seul hasard. En gnral, les deux bassins prsentent une hausse des dbits hivernaux et une certaine augmentation du ruissellement du printemps. Ces hausses de dbit sont en quelque sorte compenses par les diminutions (aucun niveau de signification) du dbit d't. Presque la moiti (50 %) des stations ayant servi l'analyse rvlent une tendance la hausse des dbits minimums annuels. D'autres diffrences dans les tendances obtenues sont notes pour les deux bassins et des explications possibles des carts sont avances titre d'hypothse.

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