Exploring the complexities of prostate cancer screening with a view to supporting informed consent

Abstract

Men request to be screened for prostate cancer because they believe they are exhibiting responsible health promotion behaviour and there are definite benefits from the early detection of the disease. This belief about the benefits is in contrast to several national guidelines recommending that screening for prostate cancer not be done. Despite the guidelines men continue to request to be screened and doctors continue to supply screening tests to asymptomatic males. The lack of an appropriate screening test has been a key factor in supporting recommendations not to screen. However, recent studies show improved accuracy in the use of serum prostate specific antigens (PSA) as a screening tool. This implies that a revision of the guidelines might soon be appropriate. It is important that nurses and other health professionals are informed of current developments with regards to prostate screening in order to be in a position to assist men in making a fully informed consent regarding their screening options.

Key Words:

• prostate cancer
• diagnoses
• screening
• prostatespecific-antigen