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ABSTRACT
Elongation escape mediated by seedling vigor with fast shoot elongation under submergence is considered to be an important strategy for rice particularly in direct seeding cultivation systems. We compared the expression profiles of two key genes in rice for ethylene biosynthesis—1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (OsACS) and oxidase (OsACO) genes, and five Na+/H+ exchanger (OsNHX) paralogs under normal and submerged conditions. The amount of transcripts was studied by RT-PCR using seedlings of one japonica and three indica cultivars with different levels of seedling vigor under submergence. In both types, submergence induced marked accumulation of transcripts of all paralogs of OsACS and OsACO except for OsACS1, which showed complete repression under the stress in non-vigorous indica cultivars suggesting its key role in seedling vigor under submergence. OsNHX expression was also enhanced under submergence, and the levels of OsNHX1 and OsNHX5 transcripts agreed well with those of seedling vigor under submergence. The observed mode of OsACS, OsACO and OsNHX expression under submergence suggests that these genes can be potential targets for understanding the mechanism regulating seedling vigor under submergence at the post-germination stage in rice.