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Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing
Journal canadien de télédétection
Volume 38, 2012 - Issue 3
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Research Article

SAR data for subsurface saline lacustrine deposits detection and primary interpretation on the evolution of the vanished Lop Nur Lake

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Pages 267-280 | Received 23 Mar 2011, Accepted 20 Jan 2012, Published online: 05 Jun 2014
 

Abstract

Lop Nur was a huge lake located at the eastern end of the Tarim Basin, northwest of China, which dried up prior to 1970. Using synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which has the advantage of penetration capability and sensitivity to moist saline materials, the subsurface lacustrine deposits were revealed. SAR also delineated the partially buried shorelines and detailed a complete picture of Lop Nur Lake that led to three important scientific findings. Based on the interpretation of the scattering mechanism of polarimetric and multiple frequency SAR data, field investigation, and sample analysis, it was found that the total area of the vanished Lop Nur Lake was more than 10 000 km2, which is much larger than earlier reports. The relatively young West Lake was superposed on top of the lacustrine deposits of East Lake, making the well known “Ear” feature of Lop Nur, so the western part of the shoreline was buried and not visible on optical remote sensing images. Therefore the Lop Nur Lake actually has near circular, closed shorelines. The drying-up process of East Lop Nur Lake went through six phases according to the shorelines interpreted from multiple SAR data. The shrinking phases of Lop Nur Lake indicate the climate changes between wet and dry environmental conditions.

Lop Nur était un vaste lac situé dans l'extrémité est du bassin du Tarim, au nord-ouest de la Chine, qui s'est asséché avant 1970. Utilisant des données radar à synthèse d'ouverture (RSO), qui offrent l'avantage d'une capacité de pénétration et d'une sensibilité aux matériaux salins humides, les dépôts lacustres souterrains ont pu être détectés. Les données ont aussi permis de délimiter les rives partiellement ensevelies et de dégager une image détaillée du lac Lop Nur menant ainsi à trois découvertes scientifiques importantes. Basé sur l'interprétation du mécanisme de diffusion des données RSO polarimétriques et multifréquences, des données de terrain et l'analyse d'échantillons, on a pu déterminer que la surface totale du lac Lop Nur disparu est de plus de 10 000 km2, ce qui est beaucoup plus considérable que les estimations initiales. Le West Lake relativement plus jeune repose sur les dépôts lacustres du East Lake, résultant en la formation bien connue en forme d'oreille de Lop Nur, si bien que la partie ouest de la rive est ensevelie et non visible sur les images optiques de télédétection. Ainsi, le lac Lop Nur est caractérisé par une forme presque circulaire, avec des lignes de rivage fermées. Le processus d'assèchement du lac East Lop Nur a connu six phases selon l'interprétation des rives réalisée à partir des données multiples RSO. Les phases de rétrécissement du lac Lop Nur montrent les changements climatiques entre les conditions environnementales humides et sèches.

[Traduit par la Rédaction]

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to take this opportunity to express their sincere appreciation to the Canada Space Agency for providing polarimetric RADARSAT-2 data through the SOAR program. This study was supported by CAS Knowledge Innovation Program (KZCX2-EW-320), the National High Technology Research and Development Program (2007AA12Z168), and the fund of State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science (Y1Y00201KZ) and IRSA/CAS (Y1S01200CX). Special appreciation also goes to CAS Academicians Guanhua Xu and Jiaqi Liu, Professor Ridha Touzi, Xuncheng Xia, and the anonymous reviewers.

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