Publication Cover
Canadian Journal of Remote Sensing
Journal canadien de télédétection
Volume 38, 2012 - Issue 3
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Research Article

Surficial materials mapping in Nunavut, Canada with multibeam RADARSAT-2 dual-polarization C-HH and C-HV, LANDSAT-7 ETM+, and DEM data

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Pages 281-305 | Received 05 Apr 2011, Accepted 15 Feb 2012, Published online: 05 Jun 2014
 

Abstract

Our study assesses the use of multibeam RADARSAT-2 dual-polarization C-HH and C-HV, LANDSAT-7 ETM+, and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data for mapping surficial materials in Nunavut, Canada. The RADARSAT-2 images were acquired using standard beam 1 and 7 modes in both ascending and descending orbits. RADARSAT-2 images were filtered to reduce speckle and then orthorectified. Representative training areas of distinct surficial deposits (bedrock, boulders, organic deposits, sand and gravel, thick till with dense vegetation, thick till with sparse vegetation, and thin till) were identified from field information and by interpreting panchromatic aerial photographs and LANDSAT-7 ETM+ images. Maximum likelihood supervised classifications were conducted on the RADARSAT-2 C-HH and C-HV images, individually and combined with LANDSAT-7 ETM+ and (or) DEM data. The best overall classification accuracy was obtained by combining RADARSAT-2 C-HH and C-HV images with LANDSAT-7 ETM+ and DEM data. Confusion between several surface materials was reduced, but confusion between “bedrock” and “boulders” and between “sand and gravel” and “organic deposits” or “thin till” class still remains. Another limitation of the study includes the lack of a field survey to validate training areas for three of the four detailed analysis areas. Nonetheless, this study produced surficial materials maps covering eight 1:250000 scale National Topographic System of Canada sheets that provide important geological information about this remote area.

Notre étude évalue l'utilisation de données multi-canaux RADARSAT-2 de polarisation double C-HH et C-HV, de LANDSAT-7 ETM+ et d'un modèle numérique de terrain (MNT) pour la cartographie des dépôts de surface au Nunavut, Canada. Les images RADARSAT-2 ont été acquises avec le mode standard 1 et 7 selon les orbites ascendantes et descendantes. Les images RADARSAT-2 ont été filtrées pour le chatoiement, puis orthorectifiées. Des zones d'entraînement représentatives des dépôts de surface (affleurements rocheux, blocs, dépôts organiques, sable et gravier, till épais avec de la végétation dense, till épais avec de la végétation éparse, et till mince) ont été identifiées à partir d'informations de terrain et par interprétation de photographies aériennes panchromatiques et d'images LANDSAT-7 ETM+. Des classifications de maximum de vraisemblance ont été menées sur les images RADARSAT-2 C-HH et C-HV individuelles et combinées avec les données LANDSAT-7 ETM+ et/ou du MNT. La meilleure précision globale de classification a été obtenue en combinant les images RADARSAT-2 C-HH and C-HV avec les données LANDSAT-7 ETM+ et/ou du MNT. La confusion entre plusieurs classes de dépôts de surface a été réduite, mais la confusion entre les classes «affleurements rocheux» et «blocs» et entre les classes «sable et gravier» et «dépôts organiques» ou «till mince» subsiste. Une autre limitation de l’étude est le manque de campagnes de terrain pour valider les zones d'entraînement dans trois des quatre zones d’étude qui ont servi à une analyse détaillée. Néanmoins, cette étude a produit des cartes de dépôts de surface couvrant huit feuilles Système national de référence cartographique du Canada à l’échelle du 1:250000, qui fournissent d'importantes informations géologiques pour cette région éloignée.

Acknowledgements

The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) funded this study as a contribution to the Northeast Thelon Compilation under the Northern Uranium for Canada and Remote Predictive Mapping projects of the Geomapping for Energy and Minerals (GEM) program. Additional funding was provided by a grant of the SSII Program of the GEOIDE (GEOmatics for Informed DEcisions) network (SSII#108) awarded to the team as well as by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant awarded to Prof. B. Leblon. We thank the Canadian Space Agency for providing RADARSAT-2 data, Deborah Lemkow (GSC) for invaluable assistance in ordering the data, and Victoria Tschirhart (Mc Master University) for the Digital Elevation Model, Dr. Isabelle McMartin (GSC) for providing advice regarding the surficial geology of the Schultz Lake area, and Dr. Eric Grunsky (GSC) for providing training areas and sharing his experience on RADARSAT analysis for the Schultz Lake area. Katherine Sigurdson and Allison Enright helped with acquiring, organizing, and georeferencing air photographs at GSC. The manuscript benefited from the comments of three anonymous reviewers.

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