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Original Articles

Room Air Disinfection by Ultraviolet Irradiation of Upper Air

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Pages 208-219 | Received 16 Jun 1970, Accepted 10 Mar 1970, Published online: 29 Apr 2013

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Read on this site (9)

Yi Yang, Alvin C. K. Lai, R. Y. C. Kong & Qihong Deng. (2017) Experimental and numerical study of the performance of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation with the effective Z-value of airborne bacteria. Aerosol Science and Technology 51:10, pages 1123-1134.
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Catherine J. Noakes, M. Amirul I. Khan & Carl A. Gilkeson. (2015) Modeling infection risk and energy use of upper-room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation systems in multi-room environments. Science and Technology for the Built Environment 21:1, pages 99-111.
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StephenN. Rudnick & MelvinW. First. (2007) Fundamental Factors Affecting Upper-Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation—Part II. Predicting Effectiveness. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 4:5, pages 352-362.
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Melvin First, StephenN. Rudnick, KevinF. Banahan, RichardL. Vincent & PhillipW. Brickner. (2007) Fundamental Factors Affecting Upper-Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation—Part I. Experimental. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 4:5, pages 321-331.
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J.M. Macher, L.E. Alevantis, Y.-L. Chang & K.-S. Liu. (1992) Effect of Ultraviolet Germicidal Lamps on Airborne Microorganisms in an Outpatient Waiting Room. Applied Occupational and Environmental Hygiene 7:8, pages 505-513.
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Thomas W. Kethley & Karl Branch. (1972) Ultraviolet Lamps for Room Air Disinfection. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 25:3, pages 205-214.
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Richard L. Riley, Solbert Permutt & James E. Kaufman. (1971) Room Air Disinfection by Ultraviolet Irradiation of Upper Air. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 23:1, pages 35-39.
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Richard L. Riley & James E. Kaufman. (1971) Air Disinfection in Corridors by Upper Air Irradiation With Ultraviolet. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 22:5, pages 551-553.
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Richard L. Riley, Solbert Permutt & James E. Kaufman. (1971) Convection, Air Mixing, and Ultraviolet Air Disinfection in Rooms. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 22:2, pages 200-207.
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Sunday S. Nunayon, Kwok-Wai Mui & Ling-Tim Wong. (2023) A pilot study on the antimicrobial efficacy of a novel UV-LED system against drainage stack bioaerosol emissions during flushing episodes. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 11:6, pages 111531.
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Sunday S. Nunayon, Kwok-Wai Mui & Ling-Tim Wong. (2023) Mapping the knowledge pattern of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation for cleaner indoor air through the lens of bibliometrics. Journal of Cleaner Production 391, pages 135974.
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Zhe Peng, Shelly L. Miller & Jose L. Jimenez. (2022) Model Evaluation of Secondary Chemistry due to Disinfection of Indoor Air with Germicidal Ultraviolet Lamps. Environmental Science & Technology Letters 10:1, pages 6-13.
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Naomichi Yamamoto. 2023. Fundamentals of Bioaerosols Science. Fundamentals of Bioaerosols Science 359 397 .
Leili Abkar, Karl Zimmermann, Fuhar Dixit, Ataollah Kheyrandish & Madjid Mohseni. (2022) COVID-19 pandemic lesson learned- critical parameters and research needs for UVC inactivation of viral aerosols. Journal of Hazardous Materials Advances 8, pages 100183.
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Chukuka S. Enwemeka, Terrance L. Baker & Violet V. Bumah. (2021) The role of UV and blue light in photo-eradication of microorganisms. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology 8, pages 100064.
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R Prakash & Uday K Digumarthi. (2021) An Emphasis on Engineering Controls and Administrative Controls in the Prevention and Control of COVID-19 in an Orthodontic Setting: Thinking Beyond Tomorrow. Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 55:2, pages 190-201.
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Hana Hakim, Craig Gilliam, Li Tang, Jiahui Xu & Linda D. Lee. (2019) Effect of a shielded continuous ultraviolet-C air disinfection device on reduction of air and surface microbial contamination in a pediatric oncology outpatient care unit. American Journal of Infection Control 47:10, pages 1248-1254.
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Tina Ethington, Sherry Newsome, Jerri Waugh & Linda D. Lee. (2018) Cleaning the air with ultraviolet germicidal irradiation lessened contact infections in a long-term acute care hospital. American Journal of Infection Control 46:5, pages 482-486.
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Yi Yang, Alvin C.K. Lai & Chunliang Wu. (2016) Study on the disinfection efficiency of multiple upper-room ultraviolet germicidal fixtures system on airborne microorganisms. Building and Environment 103, pages 99-110.
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Matsie Mphaphlele, Ashwin S. Dharmadhikari, Paul A. Jensen, Stephen N. Rudnick, Tobias H. van Reenen, Marcello A. Pagano, Wilhelm Leuschner, Tim A. Sears, Sonya P. Milonova, Martie van der Walt, Anton C. Stoltz, Karin Weyer & Edward A. Nardell. (2015) Institutional Tuberculosis Transmission. Controlled Trial of Upper Room Ultraviolet Air Disinfection: A Basis for New Dosing Guidelines. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 192:4, pages 477-484.
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Yi Yang & Qihong Deng. (2015) Numerical Modelling to Evaluate the Disinfection Efficacy of Multiple Upper-Room Ultaviolet Germicidal Fixtures System. Procedia Engineering 121, pages 1657-1664.
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Mohamad Kanaan, Nesreen Ghaddar, Kamel Ghali & Georges Araj. (2014) New airborne pathogen transport model for upper-room UVGI spaces conditioned by chilled ceiling and mixed displacement ventilation: Enhancing air quality and energy performance. Energy Conversion and Management 85, pages 50-61.
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C. A. Gilkeson, C. J. Noakes & M. A. I. Khan. (2014) Computational fluid dynamics modelling and optimisation of an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system in a naturally ventilated hospital ward. Indoor and Built Environment 23:3, pages 449-466.
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Shengwei Zhu, Jelena Srebric, Stephen N. Rudnick, Richard L. Vincent & Edward A. Nardell. (2014) Numerical modeling of indoor environment with a ceiling fan and an upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation system. Building and Environment 72, pages 116-124.
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Edward Nardell, Richard Vincent & David H. Sliney. (2013) Upper‐Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation (UVGI) for Air Disinfection: A Symposium in Print. Photochemistry and Photobiology 89:4, pages 764-769.
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Shengwei Zhu, Jelena Srebric, Stephen N. Rudnick, Richard L. Vincent & Edward A. Nardell. (2013) Numerical Investigation of Upper‐Room UVGI Disinfection Efficacy in an Environmental Chamber with a Ceiling Fan . Photochemistry and Photobiology 89:4, pages 782-791.
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Carl A Gilkeson & Catherine Noakes. (2012) Application of CFD Simulation to Predicting Upper‐Room UVGI Effectiveness . Photochemistry and Photobiology 89:4, pages 799-810.
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Y. Yang, W. Y. Chan, C. L. Wu, R. Y. C. Kong & A. C. K. Lai. (2012) Minimizing the exposure of airborne pathogens by upper-room ultraviolet germicidal irradiation: an experimental and numerical study. Journal of The Royal Society Interface 9:77, pages 3184-3195.
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C.L. Wu, Y. Yang, S.L. Wong & A.C.K. Lai. (2011) A new mathematical model for irradiance field prediction of upper-room ultraviolet germicidal systems. Journal of Hazardous Materials 189:1-2, pages 173-185.
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M. Sung & S. Kato. (2010) Method to evaluate UV dose of upper-room UVGI system using the concept of ventilation efficiency. Building and Environment 45:7, pages 1626-1631.
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Farhad Memarzadeh, Russell N. Olmsted & Judene M. Bartley. (2010) Applications of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation disinfection in health care facilities: Effective adjunct, but not stand-alone technology. American Journal of Infection Control 38:5, pages S13-S24.
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Nicholas G. Reed. (2010) The History of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation for Air Disinfection. Public Health Reports 125:1, pages 15-27.
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Z.D. Bolashikov & A.K. Melikov. (2009) Methods for air cleaning and protection of building occupants from airborne pathogens. Building and Environment 44:7, pages 1378-1385.
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Bei Wang, Roya Mortazavi & Fariborz Haghighat. (2009) Evaluation of Modeling and Measurement Techniques of Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Effectiveness — Towards the Design of Immune Buildings. Indoor and Built Environment 18:2, pages 101-112.
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Edward A. Nardell, Scott J. Bucher, Philip W. Brickner, Charles Wang, Richard L. Vincent, Kathleen Becan-McBride, Mark A. James, Max Michael & James D. Wright. (2008) Safety of Upper-Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Air Disinfection for Room Occupants: Results from the Tuberculosis Ultraviolet Shelter Study. Public Health Reports 123:1, pages 52-60.
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Martin Meyer WeissPeter D. WeissDanielle E. WeissJoseph B. Weiss. (2007) Disrupting the Transmission of Influenza A: Face Masks and Ultraviolet Light as Control Measures. American Journal of Public Health 97:Supplement_1, pages S32-S37.
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C.B. Beggs, C.J. Noakes, P.A. Sleigh, L.A. Fletcher & K.G. Kerr. (2006) Methodology for determining the susceptibility of airborne microorganisms to irradiation by an upper-room UVGI system. Journal of Aerosol Science 37:7, pages 885-902.
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C. J. NoakesC. B. Beggs & P. A. Sleigh. (2016) Modelling the Performance of Upper Room Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Devices in Ventilated Rooms: Comparison of Analytical and CFD Methods. Indoor and Built Environment 13:6, pages 477-488.
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Philip W. Brickner, Richard L. Vincent, Melvin First, Edward Nardell, Megan Murray & Will Kaufman. (2003) The application of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation to control transmission of airborne disease: bioterrorism countermeasure. Public Health Reports 118:2, pages 99-114.
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Richard L. Vincent. 2001. Patty's Industrial Hygiene. Patty's Industrial Hygiene.
C.B. Beggs, K.G. Kerr, J.K. Donnelly, P.A. Sleigh, D.D. Mara & G. Cairns. (2000) An engineering approach to the control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other airborne pathogens: a UK hospital based pilot study. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 94:2, pages 141-146.
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Joseph H. Bates & Edward Nardell. (1995) Institutional Control Measures for Tuberculosis in the Era of Multiple Drug Resistance. Chest 108:6, pages 1690-1710.
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Edward A. Nardell. (1993) Environmental control of tuberculosis. Medical Clinics of North America 77:6, pages 1315-1334.
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Jean C. Dionne, Julio C. Soto & Sophie Pineau. (2016) Assessment of an Ultraviolet Air Sterilizer on the Incidence of Childhood Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Day Care Centre Indoor Air Quality. Indoor Environment 2:5-6, pages 307-311.
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Richard L. Riley. (2006) HISTORICAL BACKGROUND. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 353:1, pages 3-9.
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Richard L. Riley. (1974) Airborne infection. The American Journal of Medicine 57:3, pages 466-475.
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Richard L. Riley. (1972) Editorial The ecology of indoor atmospheres: Airborne infection in hospitals. Journal of Chronic Diseases 25:8, pages 421-423.
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R. L. Riley & J. E. Kaufman. (1972) Effect of Relative Humidity on the Inactivation of Airborne Serratia marcescens by Ultraviolet Radiation . Applied Microbiology 23:6, pages 1113-1120.
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Syed A. Sattar, E. J. Synek, J. C. N. Westwood & Pierrette Neals. (1972) Hazard Inherent in Microbial Tracers: Reduction of Risk by the Use of Bacillus stearothermophilus Spores in Aerobiology . Applied Microbiology 23:6, pages 1053-1059.
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