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Original Articles

Laboratory Diagnosis of Increased Lead Absorption

Pages 198-208 | Received 03 Aug 1973, Accepted 10 Oct 1973, Published online: 22 Apr 2013

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A. O. Ogunfowokan, S. O. Famuyiwa, A. A. Adenuga & O. S. Fatoki. (2002) Determination of cadmium and lead in urine of some Nigerian subjects. International Journal of Environmental Health Research 12:3, pages 283-287.
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Olalekans. Fatoki & Dupe Ayoade. (1996) Lead assay in blood of occupationally and non‐occupationally exposed donors. International Journal of Environmental Health Research 6:3, pages 195-200.
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Iman Al-Saleh, Ali Mustafa, Laila Dufour, Andrew Taylor & Richard Hiton. (1996) Lead Exposure in the City of Arar, Saudi Arabia. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 51:1, pages 73-82.
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Iman Al-Saleh, Edward Devol & Andrew Taylor. (1994) Distribution of Blood Lead Levels in 1 047 Saudi Arabian Children with Respect to Province, Sex, and Age. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 49:6, pages 471-476.
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A. Awad El Karim, A/AllaS. Hamed, YousifA.A. Elhaimi & Yousif Osman. (1986) Effects of Exposure to Lead among Lead-Acid Battery Factory Workers in Sudan. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 41:4, pages 261-265.
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William L. Marsh & Harold M. Koenig. (1982) The Laboratory Evaluation of Microcytic Red Blood Cells. CRC Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences 16:3, pages 195-254.
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Miriam A. Friedlander, Corleen T. Brooks & Paul R. Sheehe. (1981) Blood Pressure and Creatinine Clearance in Lead-Exposed Children: The Effect of Treatment. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 36:6, pages 310-315.
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AliceY. S. P'an. (1981) Lead levels in Saliva and in blood. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 7:2, pages 273-280.
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MIGUEL ANGEL ZÚÑIGA-CHARLES$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), J. DIEGO GONZÁLEZ-RAMÍREZ$suffix/text()$suffix/text() & GILBERTO MOLINA-BALLESTEROS. (1981) Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin IX as a Diagnostic and Therapy Evaluating Tool in Lead Poisoning. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 36:1, pages 40-43.
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John D. Repko, C. Ronald Corum & Kenneth Bridbord. (1979) Critical Review and Evaluation of the Neurological and Behavioral Sequelae of Inorganic Lead Absorption. CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology 6:2, pages 135-187.
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Sotiris Youroukos, Cosmas Lyberatos, Aikaterini Philippidou, Costas Gardikas & Angela Tsomi. (1978) Increased Blood Lead Levels in Mentally Retarded Children in Greece. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 33:6, pages 297-300.
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Katsumaro Tomokuni, Ikuko Osaka & Masana Ogata. (1975) Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin Test for Occupational Lead Exposure. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 30:12, pages 588-590.
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Isidro José Tamele & Patricia Vázquez Loureiro. (2020) Lead, Mercury and Cadmium in Fish and Shellfish from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea (African Countries): Public Health Challenges. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8:5, pages 344.
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Manish Arora & Dominic J. Hare. (2015) Tooth lead levels as an estimate of lead body burden in rats following pre- and neonatal exposure. RSC Advances 5:82, pages 67308-67314.
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Ann A. Little & James W. Albers. 2015. Occupational Neurology. Occupational Neurology 253 296 .
Yalemsew Adela, Argaw Ambelu & Dejene A Tessema. (2012) Occupational lead exposure among automotive garage workers – a case study for Jimma town, Ethiopia. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 7:1.
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FAZAL HADI & ASGHARI BANO. (2009) Utilization of Parthenium hysterophorus for the remediation of lead‐contaminated soil . Weed Biology and Management 9:4, pages 307-314.
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Kae Higashikawa, Zuo-Wen Zhang, Shinichiro Shimbo, Chan-Seok Moon, Takao Watanabe, Haruo Nakatsuka, Naoko Matsuda-Inoguchi & Masayuki Ikeda. (2000) Correlation between concentration in urine and in blood of cadmium and lead among women in Asia. Science of The Total Environment 246:2-3, pages 97-107.
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Y. Duydu & N. Vural. (1998) Urinary excretion of lead and δ-aminolevulinic acid in workers occupationally exposed to tetraethyl lead. Biological Trace Element Research 63:3, pages 185-194.
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Ganesh Chandra Jagetia & R Aruna. (1998) Effect of various concentrations of lead nitrate on the induction of micronuclei in mouse bone marrow. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 415:1-2, pages 131-137.
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M. Maldonado-Vega, J. Cerbón-Solorzano, A. Albores-Medina, C. Hernández-Luna & JV Calderón-Salinas. (2016) Lead: intestinal absorption and bone mobilization during lactation. Human & Experimental Toxicology 15:11, pages 872-877.
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A Schutz, I A Bergdahl, A Ekholm & S Skerfving. (1996) Measurement by ICP-MS of lead in plasma and whole blood of lead workers and controls.. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 53:11, pages 736-740.
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James W. Albers & Mark B. Bromberg. 1995. Occupational and Environmental Neurology. Occupational and Environmental Neurology 175 233 .
Baljinder Singh, Devinder Dhawan, Bakhshish Chand, P.C. Mangal & P.N. Trehan. (1995) Trace element distribution in rat brain following lead and lithium supplementation—A study using an EDXRF spectrometer. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 46:1, pages 59-64.
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L. Magos. (2016) Lead Poisoning from Retained Lead Projectiles. A Critical Review of Case Reports. Human & Experimental Toxicology 13:11, pages 735-742.
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B. Singh, D. Dhawan, P. C. Mangal, B. Chand, N. Singh & P. N. Trehan. (1994) Combined action of lead and lithium on essential and nonessential elements in rat blood. Biological Trace Element Research 46:1-2, pages 15-28.
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Iman A. S. Al‐Saleh. (2006) The biochemical and clinical consequences of lead poisoning. Medicinal Research Reviews 14:4, pages 415-486.
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S. Kumar, A. Kaushik & C.P. Kaushik. (1993) Blood lead levels among populations differentially exposed to vehicular exhaust in Rohtak, India. Environmental Pollution 80:2, pages 173-176.
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W.W. Ku, D. Slowiejko, L.L. Bestervelt, M.R. Buroker & W.N. Piper. (1990) Effects of lead on haem biosynthesis during erythroid differentiation in vitro. Toxicology in Vitro 4:6, pages 763-769.
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Diana Reséndez-Pérez, F. J. Sánchez-Anzaldo, Hugo A. Barrera-Saldañía & Salvador Said-Fernández. 1989. Cell Function and Disease. Cell Function and Disease 399 403 .
A.M. Scheuhammer. (1987) Erythrocyte δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in birds. II. The effects of lead exposure in vivo. Toxicology 45:2, pages 165-175.
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A.M. Scheuhammer. (1987) The chronic toxicity of aluminium, cadmium, mercury, and lead in birds: A review. Environmental Pollution 46:4, pages 263-295.
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Allan H. Marcus. (1985) Multicompartment kinetic models for lead. Environmental Research 36:2, pages 459-472.
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Mary Hale Ashraf & Gary J. Fosmire. (1985) Effects of Marginal Zinc Deficiency on Subclinical Lead Toxicity in the Rat Neonate. The Journal of Nutrition 115:3, pages 334-346.
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R.N. Khandekar, U.C. Mishra & K.G. Vohra. (1984) Environmental lead exposure of an urban Indian population. Science of The Total Environment 40:1, pages 269-278.
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E. Schlick, K. Mengel & K. D. Friedberg. (1983) The effect of low lead doses in vitro and in vivo on the d-ala-d activity of erythrocytes, bone marrow cells, liver and brain of the mouse. Archives of Toxicology 53:3, pages 193-205.
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T Sakai, S Yanagihara, Y Kunugi & K Ushio. (1982) Relationships between distribution of lead in erythrocytes in vivo and in vitro and inhibition of ALA-D.. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 39:4, pages 382-387.
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F. Labr�che & A. P'an. (1982) Relationships between three indicators of lead exposure in workers: Blood lead, ?-aminolevulinic acid and free Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 51:1, pages 35-44.
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S. Telišman, A. Keršanc & D. Prpić-Majić. (1982) The relevance of arguments for excluding ALAD from the recommended biological limit values in occupational exposure to inorganic lead (WHO 1980). International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 50:4, pages 397-412.
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G.M. Ledda, A. Columbano, T. Perra & P. Pani. (1982) Stimulation of rat liver growth by a single administration of lead nitrate. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 65:3, pages 478-480.
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A. Brockhaus, I. Freier, U. Ewers, B. Baginski, U. Kr�mer & R. Dolgner. (1980) Epidemiologische untersuchungen zur �kologischen bleibelastung von m�nnlichen gro\stadtbewohnern in NordwestdeutschlandConcentrations of lead and free erythrocyte porphyrin in the blood of adult urban men in North-West Germany. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 46:1, pages 59-70.
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C N Ong & W R Lee. (1980) Distribution of lead-203 in human peripheral blood in vitro.. Occupational and Environmental Medicine 37:1, pages 78-84.
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W. Blumer & Th. Reich. (1980) Leaded gasoline — A cause of cancer. Environment International 3:6, pages 465-471.
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S. Vaccaro, C. Barghigiani, G. Colombetti, F. Lenci, A. M. Loi, P. L. Paggiaro, G. Pagano & G. Toma. (1980) The free erythrocyte protoporphyrin assay in monitoring lead-exposed workers. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 45:1, pages 35-48.
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E. Schlick & K. D. Friedberg. (1980) The action of small doses of lead on erythrocyte D-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in the mouse. Archives of Toxicology 43:3, pages 213-220.
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L. Alessio, M. R. Castoldi, O. Monelli, F. Toffoletto & C. Zocchetti. (1979) Indicators of internal dose in current and past exposure to lead. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 44:2, pages 127-132.
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Newton C. Gordon, Steve Brown, Ved M. Khosla & Louis S. Hansen. (1979) Lead poisoning. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology 47:6, pages 500-512.
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Ph Hotz, H. J. Russenberger & H. U. Wanner. (1977) Mesure de l'exposition au plomb dans un collectif de jeunes fillesMessung der Bleiexposition bei einem Kollektiv junger MädchenLead exposures in a group of young girls. Sozial- und Präventivmedizin SPM 22:3, pages 121-128.
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A.J. Stevenson, S. Kacew & R.L. Singhal. (1977) Influence of lead on hepatic, renal and pulmonary nucleic acid, polyamine, and cyclic adenosine 3′:5′-monophosphate metabolism in neonatal rats. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 40:1, pages 161-170.
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L. Alessio, P. A. Bertazzi, O. Monelli & F. Toffoletto. (1976) Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin as an indicator of the biological effect of lead in adult males. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 38:2, pages 77-86.
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L. Alessio, P. A. Bertazzi, F. Toffoletto & V. Fo�. (1976) Free erythrocyte protoporphyrin as an indicator of the biological effect of lead in adult males. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health 37:2, pages 73-88.
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