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Original Articles

Human Exposure to Mercury and Silver Released from Dental Amalgam Restorations

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Pages 384-394 | Received 08 Jun 1993, Published online: 03 Aug 2010

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (13)

Lars Björkman, Therese T. Sjursen, Knut Dalen, Gunvor B. Lygre, Trine Lise L. Berge, Johanna Svahn & Birgitte F. Lundekvam. (2017) Long term changes in health complaints after removal of amalgam restorations. Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 75:3, pages 208-219.
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. (2007) Response to Mutter et al. From Laszlo Magos and Tom Clarkson. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 37:6, pages 551-552.
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Thomas W. Clarkson & Laszlo Magos. (2006) The Toxicology of Mercury and Its Chemical Compounds. Critical Reviews in Toxicology 36:8, pages 609-662.
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Lars D. Hylander & Markus Meili. (2005) The Rise and Fall of Mercury: Converting a Resource to Refuse After 500 Years of Mining and Pollution. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 35:1, pages 1-36.
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Keith E. Levine, Reshan A. Fernando, Glenn T. Ross, Michelle Lang, Daniel L. Morgan & Bradley J. Collins. (2002) DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF MERCURY IN SMALL RAT BRAIN TISSUE SAMPLES BY COLD VAPOR ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE SPECTROMETRY. Analytical Letters 35:9, pages 1505-1517.
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Joseph Mercola & Dietrich Klinghardt. (2001) Mercury Toxicity and Systemic Elimination Agents. Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine 11:1, pages 53-62.
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Anita Engqvist, Anders Colmsjö & Ingvar Skare. (1998) Speciation of Mercury Excreted in Feces from Individuals with Amalgam Fillings. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 53:3, pages 205-213.
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A. R. HIBBERD M. A. HOWARD A. G. HUNNISETT. (1998) Mercury from Dental Amalgam Fillings: Studies on Oral Chelating Agents for Assessing and Reducing Mercury Burdens in Humans. Journal of Nutritional & Environmental Medicine 8:3, pages 219-231.
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P. Krausß, M. Deyhle, K. H. Maier, E. Roller, H. D. Weiß & Ph. Cledon. (1997) Field study on the mercury content of Saliva. Toxicological & Environmental Chemistry 63:1-4, pages 29-46.
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Mary Jo Trepka, Joachim Heinrich, Christian Krause, Christine Schulz, Matthias Wjst, Matei Popescu & H.-Erich Wichmann. (1997) Factors Affecting Internal Mercury Burdens among Eastern German Children. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 52:2, pages 134-138.
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G. Mark Richardson & Margaret Allan. (1996) A Monte Carlo assessment of mercury exposure and risks from dental amalgam. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal 2:4, pages 709-761.
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Hope E. Ratcliffe, G. Marie Swanson & Lawrence J. Fischer. (1996) Human Exposure to Mercury: A Critical Assessment of the Evidence of Adverse Health Effects. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 49:3, pages 221-270.
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PaulG. Rubin & Ming-Ho Yu. (1996) Mercury Vapor in Amalgam Waste Discharged from Dental Office Vacuum Units. Archives of Environmental Health: An International Journal 51:4, pages 335-337.
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Articles from other publishers (65)

Gianni Gallusi, Antonio Libonati, Mario Piro, Virginia Di Taranto, Edoardo Montemurro & Vincenzo Campanella. (2021) Is Dental Amalgam a Higher Risk Factor rather than Resin-Based Restorations for Systemic Conditions? A Systematic Review. Materials 14:8, pages 1980.
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Niels Hadrup, Anoop K. Sharma, Katrin Loeschner & Nicklas R. Jacobsen. (2020) Pulmonary toxicity of silver vapours, nanoparticles and fine dusts: A review. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 115, pages 104690.
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Chien-Fang Tseng, Kun-Huang Chen, Hui-Chieh Yu, Fu-Mei Huang & Yu-Chao Chang. (2020) Dental Amalgam Fillings and Multiple Sclerosis: A Nationwide Population-Based Case–Control Study in Taiwan. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17:8, pages 2637.
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Gunvor B. Lygre, Heidi Aase, Kjell Haug, Stein A. Lie & Lars Björkman. (2018) Prenatal exposure to dental amalgam and risk of symptoms of attention‐deficit and hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) . Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 46:5, pages 472-481.
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S. Mulligan, G. Kakonyi, K. Moharamzadeh, S. F. Thornton & N. Martin. (2018) The environmental impact of dental amalgam and resin-based composite materials. British Dental Journal 224:7, pages 542-548.
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Hye-Jin Baek, Eun-Kyong Kim, Sang Gyu Lee, Seong-Hwa Jeong, Jun Sakong, Anwar T. Merchant, Sang-Uk Im, Keun-Bae Song & Youn-Hee Choi. (2016) Dental amalgam exposure can elevate urinary mercury concentrations in children. International Dental Journal 66:3, pages 136-143.
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John Kall, Amanda Just & Michael Aschner. 2016. Epigenetics, the Environment, and Children’s Health Across Lifespans. Epigenetics, the Environment, and Children’s Health Across Lifespans 159 206 .
Rajmohan Shetty & Indu Miriam Varkey. (2014) Mercury Exposure Levels in Children with Dental Amalgam Fillings. International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 7:3, pages 180-185.
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Jennifer D Zwicker, Daniel J Dutton & John Charles Herbert Emery. (2014) Longitudinal analysis of the association between removal of dental amalgam, urine mercury and 14 self-reported health symptoms. Environmental Health 13:1.
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Hye-Jin Baek, Seong-Hwa Jeong & Youn-Hee Choi. (2014) Correlation between amalgam restorations and urinary mercury level in children for 1 year. Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene 14:3, pages 425-430.
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Daniel J Dutton, Ken Fyie, Peter Faris, Ludovic Brunel & JC Emery. (2013) The association between amalgam dental surfaces and urinary mercury levels in a sample of Albertans, a prevalence study. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 8:1, pages 22.
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Mandana Barghi, Reza Dahmardeh Behrooz, Abbas Esmaili-Sari & Seyed Mahmoud Ghasempouri. (2012) Mercury Exposure Assessment in Iranian Pregnant Women’s Hair with Respect to Diet, Amalgam Filling, and Lactation. Biological Trace Element Research 148:3, pages 292-301.
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Lars Björkman, Karl A. Brokstad, Ketil Moen & Roland Jonsson. (2012) Minor changes in serum levels of cytokines after removal of amalgam restorations. Toxicology Letters 211:2, pages 120-125.
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DA Geier, T Carmody, JK Kern, PG King & MR Geier. (2011) A dose-dependent relationship between mercury exposure from dental amalgams and urinary mercury levels: a further assessment of the Casa Pia Children’s Dental Amalgam Trial. Human & Experimental Toxicology 31:1, pages 11-17.
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G.M. Richardson, R. Wilson, D. Allard, C. Purtill, S. Douma & J. Gravière. (2011) Mercury exposure and risks from dental amalgam in the US population, post-2000. Science of The Total Environment 409:20, pages 4257-4268.
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Zohreh Salehi & Abbas Esmaili-Sari. (2010) Hair mercury levels in pregnant women in Mahshahr, Iran: Fish consumption as a determinant of exposure. Science of The Total Environment 408:20, pages 4848-4854.
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J. Eyeson, I. House, Y. H. Yang & K. A. A. S. Warnakulasuriya. (2010) Relationship between mercury levels in blood and urine and complaints of chronic mercury toxicity from amalgam restorations. British Dental Journal 208:4, pages E7-E7.
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H. W. Roberts & D. G. Charlton. (2009) The Release of Mercury from Amalgam Restorations and Its Health Effects: A Review. Operative Dentistry 34:5, pages 605-614.
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M. Matysiak. (2009) La sécurité des amalgames dentaires pour les patients et l'environnement au regard des positions de la communauté scientifique. Pratiques et Organisation des Soins Vol. 40:2, pages 133-144.
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H. Nur Özdabak, Serpil Karaoğlanoğlu, Nilgün Akgül, Fevzi Polat & Nilgün Seven. (2008) The effects of amalgam restorations on plasma mercury levels and total antioxidant activity. Archives of Oral Biology 53:12, pages 1101-1106.
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C. Viau. (2008) Interprétation des résultats de surveillance biologique. Archives des Maladies Professionnelles et de l'Environnement 69:2, pages 315-319.
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Wieslaw Jedrychowski, Frederica Perera, Jeffery Jankowski, Virginia Rauh, Elzbieta Flak, Kathleen L. Caldwell, Robert L. Jones, Agnieszka Pac & Ilona Lisowska-Miszczyk. (2007) Fish consumption in pregnancy, cord blood mercury level and cognitive and psychomotor development of infants followed over the first three years of life. Environment International 33:8, pages 1057-1062.
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James S. Woods, Michael D. Martin, Brian G. Leroux, Timothy A. DeRouen, Jorge G. Leitão, Mario F. Bernardo, Henrique S. Luis, P. Lynne Simmonds, John V. Kushleika & Ying Huang. (2007) The Contribution of Dental Amalgam to Urinary Mercury Excretion in Children. Environmental Health Perspectives 115:10, pages 1527-1531.
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Tomio Mori, Kazuhiro Sato, Yukinori Kusaka, Toshiko Ido, Masanobu Kumagiri, Toshiyuki Ogasawara & Kazuo Sano. (2007) Positive patch test for mercury possibly from exposure to amalgam. Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 12:4, pages 172-177.
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Wiesław Jędrychowski, Frederica Perera, Virginia Rauh, Elżbieta Flak, Elżbieta Mróz, Agnieszka Pac, Zbigniew Skolicki & Irena Kaim. (2007) Fish Intake During Pregnancy and Mercury Level in Cord and Maternal Blood at Delivery: An Environmental Study in Poland. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 20:1.
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E. Sammut, C. Deery, Z. Nugent & R. Ibbetson. (2006) A radiographic method of estimating surface area of amalgam restorations. Journal of Dentistry 34:10, pages 811-816.
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Lars D. Hylander & Michael E. Goodsite. (2006) Environmental costs of mercury pollution. Science of The Total Environment 368:1, pages 352-370.
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Lars D. Hylander, Anders Lindvall, Roland Uhrberg, Lars Gahnberg & Ulf Lindh. (2006) Mercury recovery in situ of four different dental amalgam separators. Science of The Total Environment 366:1, pages 320-336.
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Lars D. Hylander, Anders Lindvall & Lars Gahnberg. (2006) High mercury emissions from dental clinics despite amalgam separators. Science of The Total Environment 362:1-3, pages 74-84.
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Wieslaw Jedrychowski, Jeffery Jankowski, Elzbieta Flak, Anita Skarupa, Elzbieta Mroz, Elzbieta Sochacka–Tatara, Iwona Lisowska–Miszczyk, Agnieszka Szpanowska–Wohn, Virginia Rauh, Zbigniew Skolicki, Irena Kaim & Frederica Perera. (2006) Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Mercury on Cognitive and Psychomotor Function in One-Year-Old Infants: Epidemiologic Cohort Study in Poland. Annals of Epidemiology 16:6, pages 439-447.
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Rafal Rogalewicz, Adam Voelkel & Ireneusz Kownacki. (2006) Application of HS-SPME in the determination of potentially toxic organic compounds emitted from resin-based dental materials. Journal of Environmental Monitoring 8:3, pages 377.
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