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Combustion Science and Technology Volume 17, 1977 - Issue 3-4
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Original Articles

Upward Laminar Flame Spread Under the Influence of Externally Applied Thermal Radiation

A. C. FERNANDEZ-PELLO Division of Engineering and Applied Physics. Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02138
Pages 87-98 | Received 20 May 1977, Published online: 07 May 2007

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Qingsong Wang, Huahua Xiao, Wei Wan, Zhixian Cui, Hongya Zhu & Jinhua Sun. (2018) Flame Spread on Inclined Wood Surfaces: Influence of External Heat Flux and Ambient Oxygen Concentration. Combustion Science and Technology 190:1, pages 97-113.
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A. C. FERNANDEZ-PELLO & T. HIRANO. (1983) Controlling Mechanisms of Flame Spread. Combustion Science and Technology 32:1-4, pages 1-31.
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Articles from other publishers (29)

Vasiliki N. Papadogianni, Alexandros Romeos, Athanasios Giannadakis, Konstantinos Perrakis & Thrassos Panidis. (2023) Fire Ignition and Propagation in Hidden Zones of Aircrafts: A Novel Confined Fire Apparatus (CFA) for Flame Spreading Investigation. Fire 6:8, pages 292.
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Oleg P. Korobeinichev, Egor A. Sosnin, Artem A. Shaklein, Alexander I. Karpov, Albert R. Sagitov, Stanislav A. Trubachev, Andrey G. Shmakov, Alexander A. Paletsky & Ilya V. Kulikov. (2023) The Effect of Flame-Retardant Additives DDM-DOPO and Graphene on Flame Propagation over Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin under the Influence of External Thermal Radiation. Molecules 28:13, pages 5162.
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Haowei Hu, Jingjun Shi, Zhenyao Qi, Hang Li & Jie Ji. (2023) Experimental investigations on transient burning characteristics of a butt-jointed wooden wall with horizontal gaps in timber buildings. Fire Safety Journal 136, pages 103751.
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Yanqiu Chen, Xiankun Wang, Man Yuan, Peng Wang & Junmin Chen. (2022) Effect of Geometry and Dimensions on the Upward Fire Spread in U-Shaped Structures. Fire Technology 59:1, pages 73-93.
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Yang Zhou, Binyan Xu, Xiaonan Zhang & Yang Yang. (2022) A comparative study on horizontal flame spread behaviors of thermoplastic polymers with different melt flow indexes under external radiation. Thermal Science and Engineering Progress 35, pages 101463.
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Yanjun Li, Ya-Ting T. Liao, Paul V. Ferkul, Michael C. Johnston & Charles Bunnell. (2021) Experimental study of concurrent-flow flame spread over thin solids in confined space in microgravity. Combustion and Flame 227, pages 39-51.
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Manhou Li, Chao Zhang, Lida Sun, Shenlin Yang, Yiran Zhao & Huilong Jiang. (2020) Phenomenological characterization and thermal analysis of flame spread over jet fuel: influence of radiant exposure time. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 144:3, pages 835-845.
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Zhi Wang & Jian Wang. (2020) A comprehensive study on the flame propagation of the horizontal laboratory wires and flame-retardant cables at different thermal circumstances. Process Safety and Environmental Protection 139, pages 325-333.
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Yusuke Konno, Yoshinari Kobayashi, Carlos Fernandez-Pello, Nozomu Hashimoto, Shinji Nakaya, Mitsuhiro Tsue & Osamu Fujita. (2019) Opposed-Flow Flame Spread and Extinction in Electric Wires: The Effects of Gravity, External Radiant Heat Flux, and Wire Characteristics on Wire Flammability. Fire Technology 56:1, pages 131-148.
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Maria Thomsen, Carlos Fernandez-Pello, Gary A. Ruff & David L. Urban. (2019) Buoyancy effects on concurrent flame spread over thick PMMA. Combustion and Flame 199, pages 279-291.
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Kazui Fukumoto, Changjian Wang & Jennifer Wen. (2018) Large eddy simulation of upward flame spread on PMMA walls with a fully coupled fluid–solid approach. Combustion and Flame 190, pages 365-387.
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Yang Zhou, Huahua Xiao, Weigang Yan, Weiguang An, Lin Jiang & Jinhua Sun. (2014) Horizontal Flame Spread Characteristics of Rigid Polyurethane and Molded Polystyrene Foams Under Externally Applied Radiation at Two Different Altitudes. Fire Technology 51:5, pages 1195-1216.
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Sam Mannan. 2014. Lees' Process Safety Essentials. Lees' Process Safety Essentials 201 256 .
Y Zhou, H Xiao, X Zhang, J Sun, W Yan, W An & L Gao. 2013. Chemical Engineering III. Chemical Engineering III 157 162 .
Isaac T. Leventon & Stanislav I. Stoliarov. (2013) Evolution of flame to surface heat flux during upward flame spread on poly(methyl methacrylate). Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 34:2, pages 2523-2530.
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. 2012. Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 3129 3580 .
Dougal Drysdale. 2011. An Introduction to Fire Dynamics. An Introduction to Fire Dynamics 475 526 .
. 2005. Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. Lees' Loss Prevention in the Process Industries 101 150 .
E.G. Brehob, C.I. Kim & A.K. Kulkarni. (2001) Numerical model of upward flame spread on practical wall materials. Fire Safety Journal 36:3, pages 225-240.
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Ellen G. Brehob & Anil K. Kulkarni. (1998) Experimental measurements of upward flame spread on a vertical wall with external radiation. Fire Safety Journal 31:3, pages 181-200.
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Y. Hasemi, Masashi Yoshida, Y. Yokobayashi & Takao Wakamatsu. (1997) Flame Heat Transfer And Concurrent Flame Spread In A Ceiling Fire. Fire Safety Science 5, pages 379-390.
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S. S. Manohar, A. K. Kulkarni & S. T. Thynell. (1995) In-Depth Absorption of Externally Incident Radiation in Nongray Media. Journal of Heat Transfer 117:1, pages 146-151.
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S.L. Thompson & G.E. Apostolakis. (1994) A response surface approximation for the bench-scale peak heat release rate from upholstered furniture exposed to a radiant heat source. Fire Safety Journal 22:1, pages 1-24.
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T. Hirano & K. Saito. (1994) Fire spread phenomena: The role of observation in experiment. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 20:6, pages 461-485.
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Ellen G. Brehob & Anil K. Kulkarni. (2004) Time‐dependent mass loss rate behavior of wall materials under external radiation. Fire and Materials 17:5, pages 249-254.
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H.-T. Loh & A.C. Fernandez-Pello. (1985) A study of the controlling mechanisms of flow assisted flame spread. Symposium (International) on Combustion 20:1, pages 1575-1582.
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Takashi Kashiwagi & Thomas J. Ohlemiller. (1982) A study of oxygen effects on nonflaming transient gasification of PMMA and PE during thermal irradiation. Symposium (International) on Combustion 19:1, pages 815-823.
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Alfred E. FreyJr.Jr. & James S. T'ien. (1979) A theory of flame spread over a solid fuel including finite-rate chemical kinetics. Combustion and Flame 36, pages 263-289.
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A.C. Fernandez-Pello. (1979) Flame spread in a forward forced flow. Combustion and Flame 36, pages 63-78.
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