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Original Articles

Dielectric studies of the soft mode and Goldstone mode in ferroelectric liquid crystals

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Pages 165-206 | Published online: 09 Feb 2011

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Asim Debnath, Debarghya Goswami, Biplab Kumar Singha, Sripada Haldar & Pradip Kumar Mandal. (2021) Effect of γ-irradiation on the display parameters of a room temperature ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture. Liquid Crystals 48:7, pages 935-944.
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Ch Kartikeswar Patro, Rohit Verma, Aakrati Garg, Ravindra Dhar & Roman Dabrowski. (2021) Boost in the thermal stability, ionic conductivity and director relaxation frequency in the composite of liquid crystal and functionalised multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Liquid Crystals 48:3, pages 345-360.
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Zhibo Sun, Zhengnan Yuan, Runxiao Shi, Hoi-Sing Kwok & Abhishek Kumar Srivastava. (2021) Fringe field effect free high-resolution display and photonic devices using deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal. Liquid Crystals 48:1, pages 100-110.
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Shantiram Nepal, Banani Das, Malay Kumar Das, Katarzyna Strójwąs & Magdalena Urbańska. (2020) Dielectric spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements on high-tilted antiferroelectric materials. Phase Transitions 93:9, pages 909-923.
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Mosalikanti Surekha, Attaluri Venkata Naga Ashok Kumar, Pallavajhula Venkata Chalapathy & Dakshina Murthy Potukuchi. (2019) Spontaneous polarization, tilt angle, hysteresis and low-frequency relaxations in hydrogen bonded chiral liquid crystal dimer: M*SA:9OBA. Ferroelectrics 551:1, pages 178-196.
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Amit Sharma, Praveen Malik & Pankaj Kumar. (2019) Electro-Optical and Dielectric Responses of ZnO Nanoparticles Doped Nematic Liquid Crystal in In-Plane Switching (IPS) Mode. Integrated Ferroelectrics 202:1, pages 52-66.
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W.M. Zoghaib, A.K. George, C. Carboni, M. Surekha, A.V.N. Ashok Kumar, P.V. Chalapathy & D.M. Potukuchi. (2018) Relaxation, de Vries behavior, and layer contraction in chiral liquid crystal by dielectric spectroscopy. Soft Materials 16:3, pages 166-185.
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Khushboo, P. Sharma, P. Malik & K. K. Raina. (2018) Size-dependent studies in ferromagnetic nanoparticles dispersed ferroelectric liquid crystal mixtures. Liquid Crystals 45:6, pages 896-906.
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G. Sangameswari, N. Pongali Sathya Prabu & M. L. N. Madhu Mohan. (2018) A detailed study of hydrogen bonded ferroelectric mesogens formed between alkyl and alkyloxy benzoic acids with carbamyl glutamic acid. Liquid Crystals 45:3, pages 431-449.
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S. Sundaram, P. Subhasri, T. Vasanthi, T. S. Senthil, R. Jayaprakasam & V. N. Vijayakumar. (2017) Experimental investigation on the effect of mesogenic ratio in hydrogen-bonded liquid crystal complexes. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 38:12, pages 1811-1816.
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Harrod P. Logbo, Yaovi Gagou, Roman Dabrowski, Magdalena Zurowska & Bruno Mettout. (2016) Dielectric behaviour and dechiralization lines dynamics of a pure Smectic-C* in confined geometry: onset of mesoscopic ferrielectricity. Liquid Crystals 43:5, pages 639-647.
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Puneet Sharma, Praveen Malik & K.K. Raina. (2016) Dielectric and electro-optical studies of a nickel-ferrite-nanoparticle- doped ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture. Phase Transitions 89:2, pages 144-154.
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A. V. N. Ashok Kumar, M. Muniprasad, A. V. S. N. Krishna Murthy, P. V. Chalapathi & D. M. Potukuchi. (2016) Relaxation behavior of supra-molecular hydrogen-bonded liquid crystal phase structures: SA:11OBA. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 624:1, pages 28-43.
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M.B. Pandey, Sharad Kumar Pandey, U.B. Singh, R. Dhar, M. Tykarska & R. Dąbrowski. (2014) Dielectric characterisation of a ferroelectric liquid crystalline material having SmA*–SmC*–SmBh* phase sequence. Liquid Crystals 41:12, pages 1879-1888.
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Ravindra Dhar, Avneesh Mishra, Abhay S. Pandey, Magdalena Zurowska & Roman S. Dabrowski. (2013) Dielectric and electro-optical response of a room temperature tri-component antiferroelectric mixture. Liquid Crystals 40:11, pages 1466-1476.
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C. Kavitha, N. Pongali Sathya Prabu & M.L.N. Madhu Mohan. (2012) Study of optical shuttering action in supramolecular hydrogen bonded nematogens. Phase Transitions 85:11, pages 973-994.
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L. Marino, E. Bruno, M.P. De Santo, F. Ciuchi, S. Marino & N. Scaramuzza. (2012) Dielectric Characterisation of an Orthoconic Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal Mixture. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 558:1, pages 120-126.
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A. Chaudhary, P. Malik, R. Mehra & K.K. Raina. (2012) Electro-optic and dielectric studies of silica nanoparticle doped ferroelectric liquid crystal in SmC* phase. Phase Transitions 85:3, pages 244-254.
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Anu Malik, Gautam Singh, Jai Prakash, Prasun Ganguly, Poonam Silotia & AshokM. Biradar. (2012) Anomalous Low Frequency Dielectric Relaxation in Nanoparticles/Isotropic Fluid Mixed Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals. Ferroelectrics 431:1, pages 6-12.
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SaurabhN. Paul, R. Dhar, Rohit Verma, Shobha Sharma & R. Dabrowski. (2011) Change in Dielectric and Electro-Optical Properties of a Nematic Material (6CHBT) Due to the Dispersion of BaTiO3 Nanoparticles. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 545:1, pages 105/[1329]-111/[1335].
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Evgeny Pozhidaev, FernandoC. M. Freire, Cesar Augusto Refosco Yednak, Alfredo Strigazzi, Sofia Torgova, Vadim Molkin & Maxim Minchenko. (2011) Permittivity of Chiral Smectics in the Broad Range from 0.1 mHz to 50 kHz: Discovery of Sub-mHz Dielectric Dispersion. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 546:1, pages 186/[1656]-194/[1664].
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Suman Kumari, R. Dhar, I. M. L. Das & R. Dabrowski. (2011) Dielectric Spectroscopy of an Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal for Two Cell Thicknesses. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 541:1, pages 87/[325]-95/[333].
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Aanchal Dwivedi, R. Dhar, V.K. Agrawal, R. Dabrowski & D. Ziobro. (2011) Characterization of Collective Relaxation Modes of a Ferroelectric Mixture Through Dielectric Spectroscopy. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 541:1, pages 262/[500]-269/[507].
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M.B. Pandey, R. Dhar & R. Dabrowski. (2011) Chiral Smectics: As Observed through Dielectric Spectroscopy. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 541:1, pages 222/[460]-235/[473].
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T. Chitravel & M. L. N. Madhu Mohan. (2010) Occurrence of Ambient Temperature and Reentrant Smectic Ordering in an Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonding between Alkyl Aniline and Alkoxy Benzoic Acids. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 524:1, pages 131-143.
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V. N. Vijayakumar, K. Murugadass & M. L. N. Madhu Mohan. (2010) A Study of Reentrant Smectic Ordering in Hydrogen Bonded Ferroelectric Dodecyloxy Benzoic Acid and Tartaric Acid Liquid Crystal. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 517:1, pages 43-62.
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B. Sreedevi, P. V. Chalapathi, V. K. M. Kotikalapudi, V. G. K. M. Pisipati & D. M. Potukuchi. (2009) Influence of Hydrogen Bonding on Device Parameters and Field Response in N* and SmC* Phases of a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal, HBFLC: 12 bpa. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 515:1, pages 71-98.
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Rohit Verma, R. Dhar, V.K. Agrawal, M.C. Rath, S.K. Sarkar, V.K. Wadhawan & R. Dabrowski. (2009) Electron beam irradiation-induced transformations in the electrical properties of 4’-octyl-4-cyanobiphenyl (8CB). Liquid Crystals 36:9, pages 1003-1014.
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Manoj Bhushan Pandey, Ravindra Dhar & Roman Dabrowski. (2009) Electrical Characteristics of Wide Temperature Range Phase. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 509:1, pages 363/[1105]-377/[1119].
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P. Simeão Carvalho, F. Figueiras, S. Mendonça, C. M. Pereira & M. Rodrigues. (2009) Dielectric Relaxation and Optical Transmittance of PVC Membranes Modified by Nematic Liquid Crystal. International Journal of Polymeric Materials and Polymeric Biomaterials 58:11, pages 588-603.
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A. K. Srivastava, A. K. Misra, P. B. Chand, R. Manohar & J. P. Shukla. (2008) Dielectric and Electro-Optical Characterization of Dyed Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 495:1, pages 194/[546]-211/[563].
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Anoop Kumar Srivastava, Ravindra Dhar, Vinai Krishna Agrawal, Seung Hee Leeb & Roman Dabrowski. (2008) Switching and electrical properties of ferro‐ and antiferroelectric phases of MOPB(H)PBC. Liquid Crystals 35:9, pages 1101-1108.
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M. B. Pandey, R. Dhar & R. Dabrowski. (2008) Amplitude and phase fluctuation modes in the smectic Cα* phase of an antiferroelectric compound. Liquid Crystals 35:7, pages 777-787.
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Rajiv Manohar, Abhishek Kumar Misra, Abhishek Kumar Srivastava, Purna Bahadur Chand & J. P. Shukla. (2007) Dielectric Relaxation of FLC Showing Anomalous Behavior. Soft Materials 5:4, pages 207-218.
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W. Jeżewski, W. Kuczyński & J. Hoffmann. (2007) Dielectric versus optical response of chevron ferroelectric liquid crystals. Liquid Crystals 34:11, pages 1299-1306.
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Kazuyuki Hiraoka, Takuhei Nose, Yoshiko Uematsu, Masatoshi Tokita & Junji Watanabe. (2007) Collective fluctuation in chiral smectic phases of main‐chain liquid crystalline polymers. Liquid Crystals 34:3, pages 305-310.
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Shune‐Long Wu & Cho‐Ying Lin. (2006) Effect of the semi‐fluorinated chiral alkane on the formation of the antiferroelectric phase. Liquid Crystals 33:4, pages 495-502.
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Shune‐Long Wu & Cho‐Ying Lin. (2005) Antiferroelectric liquid crystals having a semi‐fluorinated alkane positioned at the chiral tail. Liquid Crystals 32:8, pages 1053-1059.
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M. R. Dodge, J. K. Vij, S. J. Cowling, A. W. Hall & J. W. Goodby. (2005) Dielectric spectroscopy of the twist grain boundary phase and smectic‐like behaviour in the Isotropic Phase. Liquid Crystals 32:8, pages 1045-1051.
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M. B. Pandey, R. Dhar$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), V. K. Agrawal, R. Dabrowski & M. Tykarska. (2004) Study of different modes of dielectric relaxation in a newly synthesized material exhibiting ferro-, ferri- and antiferro-electric phases . Liquid Crystals 31:7, pages 973-987.
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B. CIEPLAK, A. KOCOT, K. MERKEL, R. WRZALIK & R. PRANIUK. (2004) Dielectric and Optical Studies of FLC Sample with Helix Inversion. Ferroelectrics 311:1, pages 83-95.
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Yu.P. Panarin, O.E. Panarina & J.K. Vij. (2004) The Critical Behavior of the Order Parameter and Susceptibility Near Smectic A–Smectic C Phase Transition. Ferroelectrics 310:1, pages 117-123.
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Bedrˇich Kosˇata, Václav Kozmik, Jirˇí Svoboda, Vladimíra Novotná, Prˇemysl Vaneˇk & Milada Glogarová. (2003) Novel liquid crystals based on [1]benzothieno[3,2- b][1]benzothiophene. Liquid Crystals 30:5, pages 603-610.
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B.V. S. Goud, D.M. Potukuchi & Venkata Gkm Pisipati. (2002) Low Frequency dielectric and optical characterisation of room temperature ferroelectric liquid crystal 2C1. BAAP.120-BBP. Ferroelectrics 265:1, pages 279-295.
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S. Sarmento, P. Simeão Carvalho, M. R. Chaves, F. Pinto & H. T. Nguyen. (2001) Anomalous thermal hysteresis in the SmC* phase of 10FHBBBM7*, revealed by dielectric measurements. Liquid Crystals 28:12, pages 1839-1845.
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S. Sarmento, M. R. Chaves, P. Simeão Carvalho & H. T. Nguyen. (2001) Experimental study of a SmA*-SmC*A phase transition. Liquid Crystals 28:10, pages 1561-1571.
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S. Kundu, S.K. Roy, R. Dabrowski, D. Ganzke & W. Haase. (2001) ELECTRO-OPTIC AND DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF AN ANTIFERROELECTRIC LIQUID CRYSTAL MATERIAL. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 366:1, pages 593-605.
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S. Sarmento, P. Simeão Carvalho, M. R. Chaves, F. Pinto & H. T. Nguyen. (2001) A dielectric study of three chiral liquid crystals presenting SmC*FI phases. Liquid Crystals 28:5, pages 673-690.
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DevenD. Parghi, JanP. F. Lagerwall & Gerd Heppke. (2000) Electrooptic and Dielectric Spectroscopy Measurements of Binary Chiral-Dopant Antiferroelectric Mixtures. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 351:1, pages 361-370.
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F. Gouda, A.A. Kutub, K. Fodor-csorba, G. Galli, E. Chiellini, L. Komitov, J.P.F. Lagerwall & S.T. Lagerwall. (2000) Dielectric Investigations of a Chiral Monomer and Side Chain Polymer. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 352:1, pages 169-177.
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S. Krishna Prasad & GeethaG. Nair. (2000) Investigations of the Non-Linear Dielectric Response in the Smectic C*, Smectic I* and Smectic F* Phases of a Chiral Liquid Crystal. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 350:1, pages 199-206.
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V. Bourny, J. Pavel, V. Lorman & H. T. Nguyen. (2000) Phase transitions in the antiferroelectric liquid crystal C8 tolane determined by dielectric and electro-optical measurements. Liquid Crystals 27:5, pages 559-566.
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J.P. F. Lagerwall, T. Fütterer, D. Moro & G. Heppke. (2000) The dependence on the helical pitch of the antiferroelectric dielectric modes. Ferroelectrics 244:1, pages 223-231.
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S. Kundu, T. Pal Majumder, S.K. Roy, M. Darius & W. Haase. (2000) Studies on the dielectric behavior of ferroelectric liquid crystal material having a TGBA phase. Ferroelectrics 244:1, pages 39-47.
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Sandra Sarmento, Paulo Simeãto Carvalho, Maria Renata Chaves, Huu Tinh Nguyen & Filipa Pinto. (1999) Ferroelectric-Like and Antiferroelectric-Like Behaviour of the SmCα* Phase. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 328:1, pages 457-465.
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Dirk Kilian, DevenD. Parghi, StephenM. Kelly, Wolfgang Haase & JohnW. Goodby. (1999) Dielectric Investigations of a Racemic AFLC Host (+/−)-12F1M7. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 328:1, pages 419-428.
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R. Douali, C. Legrand, V. Faye & H.T. Nguyen. (1999) Dielectric Dispersion in the S*Cα Phase of an Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 328:1, pages 209-219.
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S. Sinha Roy, S. Kundu, N. Ghosh, T. Pal Majumder & S.K. Roy. (1999) Electro-Optic Effect and Influence of Bias Electric Field on the Goldstone Mode Dielectric Behavior in Smectic C* Phase and Cell Thickness Dependence of the Dielectric Permittivity of a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Mixture. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 328:1, pages 161-176.
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Dirk Kilian, Monika Marzec, Stanislaw Wróbel, Roman Dabrowski, Withold Drzewiñtski & Wolfgang Haase. (1999) Influence of Electric Fields on Antiferroelectric MHPOBC Analogue with Perfluorinated Terminal Chain. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 328:1, pages 119-129.
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J. SCHACHT, M. BUIVYDAS, F. GOUDA, L. KOMITOV, B. STEBLER, S. T. LAGERWALL, P. ZUGENMAIER & F. HORII. (1999) Broad band dielectric relaxation spectroscopy of molecular reorientation in smectic liquid crystalline phases (SmA, SmB, and CrE). Liquid Crystals 26:6, pages 835-847.
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O. E. KALINOVSKAYA, J. K. VIJ, YU. V. TRETYAKOV, YU. P. PANARIN & YU. P. KALMYKOV. (1999) Investigation of the thickness mode in surface stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystal cells. Liquid Crystals 26:5, pages 717-722.
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D. KILIAN, M. V. KOZLOVSKY & W. HAASE. (1999) Dielectric measurements on the 'isotropic smectic phase' of dyed side group polymers. Liquid Crystals 26:5, pages 705-708.
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S. K. Prasad, G. G. Nair & D. S. Shankar Rao. (1999) Non-linear dielectric response of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. Liquid Crystals 26:11, pages 1587-1590.
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G. PADMAJARANI, D. M. POTUKUCHI & V. G. K. M. PISIPATI. (1998) Frequency shift in smectic multiple relaxations and the effect of a flexible end chain. Liquid Crystals 25:5, pages 589-595.
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Susanta Sinha Roy, Tap As Pal Majumder & Subir Kumar Roy. (1997) Soft Mode Dielectric Relaxation Under the Influence of Bias Electric Field of a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Mixture. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 304:1, pages 315-320.
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Arunima Mukherjee, S.L. Srivastava & L.A. Beresnev. (1997) Bistable switching and electroclinic effect of a low pitch and large spontaneous polarization ferroelectric liquid crystal mixture. Ferroelectrics 200:1, pages 125-141.
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S.K. Roy, S. Hiller, J.W. Goodby & W. Haase. (1997) Studies on the dielectric behaviour of TGBA phase. Ferroelectrics 200:1, pages 65-80.
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K. Hiraoka, Y. Sugano, K. Monzen, Y. Uematsu, M. Tokita, J. Watanabe & T. Furukawa. (1997) Dielectric Behavior in Chiral Smectic Phases of Main-Chain Polyesters. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 299:1, pages 229-234.
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Shung-Long Wu & Wen-Jiunn Hsieh. (1996) TGBA phase in a series of propionates containing two stereocenters. Liquid Crystals 21:6, pages 783-790.
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G. Padmaja Rani, D.M. Potukuchi, N.V. S. Rao & V.G. K. M. Pisipati. (1996) Low-Frequency Dielectric Investigations of Smectic-C Tilt Angle. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 289:1, pages 169-180.
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P. Simeão Carvalho, M.R. Chaves, C. Destrade, Huu Tinh Nguyen & M. Glogarová. (1996) Ferroelectric and antiferroelectric modes in a new chiral thiobenzoate liquid crystal. Liquid Crystals 21:1, pages 31-37.
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L.M. Blinov, L.A. Beresnev & W. Haase. (1996) FIELD DEPENDENCE OF THE STATIC SOFT MODE SUSCEPTIBILITY AT THE SmA-SmC* PHASE TRANSITION. Ferroelectrics 181:1-4, pages 187-200.
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M.S. Bancroft, C.V. Brown & J.C. Jones. (1996) Dielectric relaxation studies of goldstone mode fluctuations in SSFLC cells. Ferroelectrics 180:1, pages 1-13.
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Hidekazu Miyata, Masaki Maeda & Ikuo Suzuki. (1996) Cell thickness dependence of dielectric properties of ferroelectric liquid crystal (CS-1022). Liquid Crystals 20:3, pages 303-309.
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Tapas Pal Majumder, Susanta Sinha Roy, SubirK. Roy & Mukul Mitra. (1995) Dielectric Properties of a Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Mixture Under Bias Electric Field. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 265:1, pages 577-590.
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M. Buivydas, F. Gouda, S.T. Lagerwall & B. Stebler. (1995) The molecular aspect of the double absorption peak in the dielectric spectrum of the antiferroelectric liquid crystal phase. Liquid Crystals 18:6, pages 879-886.
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Matthias Pfeiffer, Gabriela Soto, Stanislaw Wrobel, Wolfgang Haase, Robert Twieg & Kathleen Betterton. (1991) The strong temperature dependent goldstone mode relaxation frequency in a broad range SmC* phase. Ferroelectrics 121:1, pages 55-68.
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C. Legrand, N. Isaert, J. Hmine, J.M. Buisine, J.P. Parneix, H.T. Nguyen & C. Destrade. (1991) Electroclinic effect in the N* phase near A N* SA S*C multicritical point. Ferroelectrics 121:1, pages 21-31.
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