204
Views
63
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Variability of Practice and Transfer of Training

Some Evidence Toward a Schema View of Motor Learning

&
Pages 233-243 | Received 14 Apr 1976, Published online: 13 Aug 2013

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (24)

Kevin M. Roessger. (2016) Skills-based learning for reproducible expertise: looking elsewhere for guidance. Journal of Vocational Education & Training 68:1, pages 118-132.
Read now
DavidE. Sherwood. (2010) Detecting and Correcting Errors in Rapid Aiming Movements. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 81:3, pages 300-309.
Read now
CharlesH. Shea & Gabriele Wulf. (2005) Schema Theory: A Critical Appraisal and Reevaluation. Journal of Motor Behavior 37:2, pages 85-102.
Read now
Yannick Blandin & Luc Proteau. (2000) On the cognitive basis of observational learning: Development of mechanisms for the detection and correction of errors. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 53:3, pages 846-867.
Read now
DavidE. Sherwood. (1996) The Benefits of Random Variable Practice for Spatial Accuracy and Error Detection in a Rapid Aiming Task. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 67:1, pages 35-43.
Read now
DennisK. Landin, EdwardP. Hebert & Malcolm Fairweather. (1993) The Effects of Variable Practice on the Performance of a Basketball Skill. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 64:2, pages 232-237.
Read now
CharlesH. Shea & RobertM. Kohl. (1990) Specificity and Variability of Practice. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 61:2, pages 169-177.
Read now
Ron Croce & James DePaepe. (1989) A Critique of Therapeutic Intervention Programming with Reference to an Alternative Approach Based on Motor Learning Theory. Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics 9:3, pages 5-33.
Read now
SusannG. Doody & HowardN. Zelaznik. (1988) Rule Formation in a Rapid-Timing Task: A Test of Schema Theory. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 59:1, pages 21-28.
Read now
CraigA. Wrisberg, TimothyP. Winter & JolynnS. Kuhlman. (1987) The Variability of Practice Hypothesis: Further Tests and Methodological Discussion. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 58:4, pages 369-374.
Read now
Timothy D. Lee, Richard A. Magill & Daniel J. Weeks. (1985) Influence of Practice Schedule on Testing Schema Theory Predictions in Adults. Journal of Motor Behavior 17:3, pages 283-299.
Read now
John Annett & John Sparrow. (1985) Transfer of Training: A Review of Research and Practical Implications. PLET: Programmed Learning & Educational Technology 22:2, pages 116-124.
Read now
Brenda Lichtman. (1984) Motor Schema: Putting Theory into Action. Journal of Physical Education, Recreation & Dance 55:3, pages 54-57.
Read now
David M. Frohlich & John M. Elliott. (1984) The Schematic Representation of Effector Function Underlying Perceptual-Motor Skill. Journal of Motor Behavior 16:1, pages 40-60.
Read now
D. G. Hedges, J. Dickinson & V. Modigliani. (1983) Stimulus Generalization and the Peak Shift with Movement Stimuli. Journal of Motor Behavior 15:3, pages 280-296.
Read now
Anne Marie Bird & Roberta Rikli. (1983) Observational Learning and Practice Variability. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 54:1, pages 1-4.
Read now
JulieF. Margolis & RobertW. Christina. (1981) A Test of Schmidt's Schema Theory of Discrete Motor Skill Learning. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 52:4, pages 474-483.
Read now
MarkG. Fischman, RobertW. Christina & MaxJ. Vercruyssen. (1981) Retention and Transfer of Motor Skills: A Review for the Practitioner. Quest 33:2, pages 181-194.
Read now
Linda M. Carson & Robert L. Wiegand. (1979) Motor Schema Formation and Retention in Young Children. Journal of Motor Behavior 11:4, pages 247-251.
Read now
WilliamS. Husak & T. Gilmour Reeve. (1979) Novel Response Production as a Function of Variability and Amount of Practice. Research Quarterly. American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance 50:2, pages 215-221.
Read now
S.E. Moxley. (1979) Schema. Journal of Motor Behavior 11:1, pages 65-70.
Read now
Howard N. Zelaznik, Diane C. Shapiro & Karl M. Newell. (1978) On The Structure of Motor Recognition Memory. Journal of Motor Behavior 10:4, pages 313-323.
Read now
Joyce C. Hogan & Beth A. Yanowitz. (1978) The Role of Verbal Estimates of Movement Error in Ballistic Skill Acquisition. Journal of Motor Behavior 10:2, pages 133-138.
Read now
Hugh D. McCracken & George E. Stelmach. (1977) A Test of the Schema Theory of Discrete Motor Learning. Journal of Motor Behavior 9:3, pages 193-201.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (39)

Thomas E. Gorman & Robert L. Goldstone. (2022) An instance-based model account of the benefits of varied practice in visuomotor skill. Cognitive Psychology 137, pages 101491.
Crossref
Ken TAGA & Takeshi ASAI. (2022) The effect of continuous dribbling training on the dribbling movement mode and game performance of junior youth soccer players中学生を対象としたサッカーにおける継続的なドリブルトレーニング がドリブル動作様式及びゲームパフォーマンスに及ぼす効果. Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences) 67:0, pages 273-296.
Crossref
Shikha Prashad, Yue Du & Jane E. Clark. (2021) Sequence Structure Has a Differential Effect on Underlying Motor Learning Processes. Journal of Motor Learning and Development 9:1, pages 38-57.
Crossref
Arturo Forner-Cordero, Virgínia H. Quadrado, Sitsofe A. Tsagbey & Bouwien C.M. Smits-Engelsman. (2018) Improved Learning a Coincident Timing Task With a Predictable Resisting Force. Motor Control 22:2, pages 117-133.
Crossref
Andrée-Anne Marchand, Laura Mendoza, Claude Dugas, Martin Descarreaux & Isabelle Pagé. (2017) Effects of practice variability on spinal manipulation learning*. Journal of Chiropractic Education 31:2, pages 90-95.
Crossref
Kevin M. Roessger. (2015) An Evaluation Tool for Reflective Activities in Trades Training: Gilbert's Worthy Performance Theorem Reformulated. Performance Improvement 54:2, pages 17-27.
Crossref
Eleni Zetou, Leonidas Papadakis, Nikolaos Vernadakis, Vassiliki Derri, Evangelos Bebetsos & Filippos Filippou. (2014) The Effect of Variable and Stable Practice on Performance and Learning the Header Skill of Young Athletes in Soccer. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 152, pages 824-829.
Crossref
Kevin M. Roessger. (2012) Toward an Interdisciplinary Perspective. Adult Education Quarterly 62:4, pages 371-392.
Crossref
David E. Sherwood. (2009) Spatial Error Detection in Rapid Unimanual and Bimanual Aiming Movements. Perceptual and Motor Skills 108:1, pages 3-14.
Crossref
Tadao Ishikura. (2016) Average KR Schedule in Learning of Timing: Influence of Length for Summary Knowledge of Results and Task Complexity. Perceptual and Motor Skills 101:3, pages 911-924.
Crossref
Stavros J. Douvis. (2016) Variable Practice in Learning the Forehand Drive in Tennis. Perceptual and Motor Skills 101:2, pages 531-545.
Crossref
TADAO ISHIKURA. (2005) AVERAGE KR SCHEDULE IN LEARNING OF TIMING: INFLUENCE OF LENGTH FOR SUMMARY KNOWLEDGE OF RESULTS AND TASK COMPLEXITY. Perceptual and Motor Skills 101:7, pages 911.
Crossref
STAVROS J. DOUVIS. (2005) VARIABLE PRACTICE IN LEARNING THE FOREHAND DRIVE IN TENNIS. Perceptual and Motor Skills 101:6, pages 531.
Crossref
Elizabeth L. Shoenfelt, Leslie A. Snyder, Allison E. Maue, C. Patrick McDowell & Christopher D. Woolard. (2016) Comparison of Constant and Variable Practice Conditions on Free-Throw Shooting. Perceptual and Motor Skills 94:3_suppl, pages 1113-1123.
Crossref
ELIZABETH L. SHOENFELT. (2002) COMPARISON OF CONSTANT AND VARIABLE PRACTICE CONDITIONS ON FREE-THROW SHOOTING. Perceptual and Motor Skills 94:3, pages 1113.
Crossref
ELIZABETH L. SHOENFELT. (2002) COMPARISON OF CONSTANT AND VARIABLE PRACTICE CONDITIONS ON FREE-THROW SHOOTING. Perceptual and Motor Skills 94, pages 1113.
Crossref
Laura Bortoli, Giancarla Spagolla & Claudio Robazza. (2016) Variability Effects on Retention of a Motor Skill in Elementary School Children. Perceptual and Motor Skills 93:1, pages 51-63.
Crossref
LAURA BORTOLI. (2001) VARIABILITY EFFECTS ON RETENTION OF A MOTOR SKILL IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL CHILDREN. Perceptual and Motor Skills 93:5, pages 51.
Crossref
Erik Jahr, Sigmund Eldevik & Svein Eikeseth. (2000) Teaching children with autism to initiate and sustain cooperative play11Parts of this manuscript are based on the first and second author’s thesis for the cand. psychol. degree, submitted to the Department of Psychology, University of Oslo.. Research in Developmental Disabilities 21:2, pages 151-169.
Crossref
Jeff E. Goodwin, Joan M. Eckerson, Charles R. Grimes & Paul M. Gordon. (2016) Effect of Different Quantities of Variable Practice on Acquisition, Retention, and Transfer of An Applied Motor Skill. Perceptual and Motor Skills 87:1, pages 147-151.
Crossref
Jan Graydon & Martin Griffin. (2016) Specificity and Variability of Practice with Young Children. Perceptual and Motor Skills 83:1, pages 83-88.
Crossref
Masaki Yamanishi & Nobuyuki Inui. (1994) “The effect of variable practice” on motor performance in school children and college students小学生と大学生の運動パフォーマンスに与える多様練習の効果. Japan Journal of Human Growth and Development Research 1994:22, pages 13-19.
Crossref
Gabriele Wulf. (2006) The effect of type of practice on motor learning in children. Applied Cognitive Psychology 5:2, pages 123-134.
Crossref
Robert M. Hautala & Thomas Kidd. (2016) Retention of a Linear Task at a Novel Distance after Practice at Varied Distances. Perceptual and Motor Skills 71:3_suppl, pages 1355-1358.
Crossref
Jacques H.A. Van Rossum. (1990) Schmidt's schema theory: the empirical base of the variability of practice hypothesis. Human Movement Science 9:3-5, pages 387-435.
Crossref
Janet R. LeFrancois, Philip N. Chase & James H. Joyce. (2013) THE EFFECTS OF A VARIETY OF INSTRUCTIONS ON HUMAN FIXED‐INTERVAL PERFORMANCE. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 49:3, pages 383-393.
Crossref
Peter S. Winne. (2016) Memory-Encoding Strategies and Concurrent-Task Practice: New Implications for Complex Skill Training. Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting 31:6, pages 657-661.
Crossref
Harriet G. Williams & Peter Werner. (2016) Development of Movement Schema in Young Children. Perceptual and Motor Skills 60:2, pages 403-410.
Crossref
J. Dickinson. 1985. Differing Perspectives In Motor Learning, Memory, And Control. Differing Perspectives In Motor Learning, Memory, And Control 209 237 .
John B. Shea, Jon P. Hunt & Susan T. Zimny. 1985. Differing Perspectives In Motor Learning, Memory, And Control. Differing Perspectives In Motor Learning, Memory, And Control 55 87 .
John F. Catalano & Brian M. Kleiner. (2016) Distant Transfer in Coincident Timing as a Function of Variability of Practice. Perceptual and Motor Skills 58:3, pages 851-856.
Crossref
Craig A. Wrisberg & Edward McLean. (1984) Training for the production of novel timing movements: Contextual considerations. Psychological Research 46:1-2, pages 169-176.
Crossref
. 1984. Psychology of Human Movement. Psychology of Human Movement 307 326 .
Dale G. Pease & Allan A. Rupnow. (2016) Effects of Varying Force Production in Practice Schedules of Children Learning a Discrete Motor Task. Perceptual and Motor Skills 57:1, pages 275-282.
Crossref
John B. Shea & Susan T. Zimny. 1983. Memory and Control of Action. Memory and Control of Action 345 366 .
Robert Kerr. (2016) Practice Variability and Longer and Short Retention Intervals. Perceptual and Motor Skills 54:1, pages 243-250.
Crossref
Susan E. Miller & Murray Krantz. (2016) Schema Theory: An Application to Integration of Fine and Gross Motor Skills of Young Children. Perceptual and Motor Skills 52:3, pages 891-898.
Crossref
Robert Kerr & Bernard Booth. (2016) Specific and Varied Practice of Motor Skill. Perceptual and Motor Skills 46:2, pages 395-401.
Crossref
Richard A. Magill & T. Gilmour Reeve. (2016) Variability of Prior Practice in Learning and Retention of a Novel Motor Response. Perceptual and Motor Skills 46:1, pages 107-110.
Crossref

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.