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ARTICLES

The Sexual Consent Scale–Revised: Development, Reliability, and Preliminary Validity

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Pages 420-428 | Published online: 14 Aug 2009

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Read on this site (33)

Julia O’Connor, Bertha Ben Khallouq, Sarah McMahon, Kayla Toohy & Lakaysia Smith. (2024) Protective Factors for College Men’s Endorsement of Rape Myths. Victims & Offenders 0:0, pages 1-21.
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Hannah Javidi, Laura Widman, Anne J. Maheux, Jordyn McCrimmon, Reina Evans-Paulson & Whitney Becker. (2024) PACT: Developing and Evaluating a Digital Sexual Consent Program for Youth. The Journal of Sex Research 61:3, pages 466-480.
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Brooke E. DeSipio & Christina Pallotti. (2024) Sex Communication: The New Consent Education. Journal of Student Affairs Research and Practice 61:2, pages 295-308.
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Hannah Javidi, Laura Widman, Reina Evans-Paulson & Nikolette Lipsey. (2023) Internal Consent, Affirmative External Consent, and Sexual Satisfaction Among Young Adults. The Journal of Sex Research 60:8, pages 1148-1158.
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Lori Bednarchik, Mark Generous & Paul Mongeau. (2023) Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Longitudinally Predict College Students’ Communication of Affirmative Sexual Consent. Western Journal of Communication 0:0, pages 1-20.
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Adrienne Baldwin-White & Katherine Gower. (2023) Influence of social media on how college students perceive healthy relationships and consent. Journal of American College Health 71:4, pages 1301-1309.
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Chelly Maes, Jolien Trekels, Emily Impett & Laura Vandenbosch. (2023) The Development of the Positive Sexuality in Adolescence Scale (PSAS). The Journal of Sex Research 60:1, pages 45-61.
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John L. McKenna, Lizabeth Roemer & Susan M. Orsillo. (2022) Gender and sexual minority status as predictors of sexual consent attitudes among cisgender young adults. Psychology & Sexuality 13:5, pages 1288-1302.
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Cassandra Alexopoulos & Drew P. Cingel. (2022) United States adolescents’ responses to sexual consent on television and the moderating role of anxious attachment. Journal of Children and Media 16:4, pages 554-564.
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Amelia E. Evans, Joseph M. Currin, Sheila Garos, Alyssa Stokes, Kassidy Cox & Cody L. Meyer. (2022) ‘Wasn’t This Already Considered Sexual Harassment?’: Exploring the Confusion Around the Law Mandating Consent to Receive a Nude Sext Message. American Journal of Sexuality Education 17:3, pages 343-367.
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Malachi Willis, Kristen N. Jozkowski, Ana J. Bridges, Jennifer C. Veilleux & Robert E. Davis. (2021) Assessing the Within-Person Variability of Internal and External Sexual Consent. The Journal of Sex Research 58:9, pages 1173-1183.
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Allyson S. Graf & Viviane Johnson. (2021) Describing the “Gray” Area of Consent: A Comparison of Sexual Consent Understanding Across the Adult Lifespan. The Journal of Sex Research 58:4, pages 448-461.
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Laura M. Padilla-Walker, Ryan McLean, Benjamin Ogles & Brittany Pollard. (2020) How Do Parents Teach “No Means No”? An Exploration of How Sexual Consent Beliefs Are Socialized During Adolescence. The Journal of Sex Research 57:9, pages 1122-1133.
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Erin J. Shumlich & William A. Fisher. (2020) An Exploration of Factors That Influence Enactment of Affirmative Consent Behaviors. The Journal of Sex Research 57:9, pages 1108-1121.
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Hannah Javidi, Anne J. Maheux, Laura Widman, Kristyn Kamke, Sophia Choukas-Bradley & Zoë D. Peterson. (2020) Understanding Adolescents’ Attitudes Toward Affirmative Consent. The Journal of Sex Research 57:9, pages 1100-1107.
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Kate Dawson, Chris Noone, Saoirse Nic Gabhainn & Padraig MacNeela. (2020) Using vignette methodology to study comfort with consensual and nonconsensual depictions of pornography content. Psychology & Sexuality 11:4, pages 293-314.
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Kristen P. Mark & Laura M. Vowels. (2020) Sexual consent and sexual agency of women in healthy relationships following a history of sexual trauma. Psychology & Sexuality 11:4, pages 315-328.
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Kaylee P. Richmond & Zoë D. Peterson. (2020) Perceived Sex Education and Its Association with Consent Attitudes, Intentions, and Communication. American Journal of Sexuality Education 15:1, pages 1-24.
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Kate Walsh, Sara Honickman, Zerbrina Valdespino-Hayden & Sarah R. Lowe. (2019) Dual Measures of Sexual Consent: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Internal Consent Scale and External Consent Scale. The Journal of Sex Research 56:6, pages 802-810.
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Malachi Willis, Mary Hunt, Alicia Wodika, Darson L. Rhodes, Jessica Goodman & Kristen N. Jozkowski. (2019) Explicit Verbal Sexual Consent Communication: Effects of Gender, Relationship Status, and Type of Sexual Behavior. International Journal of Sexual Health 31:1, pages 60-70.
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Rebecca R. Ortiz & Autumn Shafer. (2018) Unblurring the lines of sexual consent with a college student-driven sexual consent education campaign. Journal of American College Health 66:6, pages 450-456.
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Charlene L. Muehlenhard, Terry P. Humphreys, Kristen N. Jozkowski & Zoë D. Peterson. (2016) The Complexities of Sexual Consent Among College Students: A Conceptual and Empirical Review. The Journal of Sex Research 53:4-5, pages 457-487.
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Mark T. Palermo & Stefan Bogaerts. (2015) Sex Selling and Autism Spectrum Disorder: Impaired Capacity, Free Enterprise, or Sexual Victimization?. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice 15:4, pages 363-382.
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KristenN. Jozkowski & ZoëD. Peterson. (2014) Assessing the Validity and Reliability of the Perceptions of the Consent to Sex Scale. The Journal of Sex Research 51:6, pages 632-645.
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KristenN. Jozkowski. (2013) The Influence of Consent on College Students’ Perceptions of the Quality of Sexual Intercourse at Last Event. International Journal of Sexual Health 25:4, pages 260-272.
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Claudio Longobardi, Laura Badenes-Ribera, Sofia Mastrokoukou & Matteo Angelo Fabris. Attitude toward Sexual Consent and Sext Dissemination Perpetration: The Mediating Role of the Empathy. American Journal of Sexuality Education 0:0, pages 1-22.
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Hannah Javidi, Pamela Anderson, Eric Walsh-Buhi, Karin Coyle & Xiwei Chen. Exploring the Influence of Romantic Relationship Communication on Adolescents’ Self-Efficacy to Ask for Sexual Consent. The Journal of Sex Research 0:0, pages 1-9.
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Articles from other publishers (46)

Ana Simão Marques, Ana Filipa Braga, Ândria Brito & Joana Arantes. (2024) “Do I Really Need To Ask?”: Relationship Between Pornography and Sexual Consent. Sexuality & Culture.
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Jessica Edwards, Uzma S. Rehman, Taranjot Bedi-Padda & E. Sandra Byers. (2024) Key Themes in Community Participants’ Definitions of Sexual Consent and Their Association with Sexual Consent Attitudes and Behaviours. Sexuality & Culture.
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Robert W. S. Coulter, Nicholas Szoko, Jessica Frankeberger, Brian Adams, Kelley A. Jones, Carla D. Chugani, Jocelyn Anderson, Janine Talis, Heather L. McCauley & Elizabeth Miller. (2024) Gender and Sexual Orientation Differences in Sexual Violence Knowledge, Prevention Behaviors, and Care-Seeking Behaviors. Prevention Science.
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Ngozi Anyadike-Danes, Megan Reynolds, Cherie Armour & Susan Lagdon. (2023) Defining and Measuring Sexual Consent within the Context of University Students’ Unwanted and Nonconsensual Sexual Experiences: A Systematic Literature Review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse 25:1, pages 231-245.
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Emma Heard, Cezara Evans, Lisa Buckley, Kate Hatchman & Barbara Masser. (2023) Evaluating an online module for sexual violence prevention in a tertiary educational setting: An exploratory study. Health Promotion Journal of Australia 35:1, pages 79-89.
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Tiani R. Perkins, Desiree Aleibar, Seanna Leath & Jami C. Pittman. (2022) Black Women’s Sexual Assertiveness and Satisfaction: The Role of the Superwoman Schema. Journal of Black Psychology 49:6, pages 758-784.
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Nieves Moyano, María del Mar Sánchez-Fuentes, Sandra Milena Parra, Carmen Gómez-Berrocal, Alberto Quílez-Robres & Reina Granados. (2023) Shall We Establish Sexual Consent or Would You Feel Weird? Sexual Objectification and Rape-Supportive Attitudes as Predictors of How Sex is Negotiated in Men and Women. Sexuality & Culture 27:5, pages 1679-1696.
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Chiara Rollero, Nieves Moyano & Michele Roccato. (2023) The Role of Sexual Consent and Past Non-consensual Sexual Experiences on Rape Supportive Attitudes in a Heterosexual Community Sample. Sexuality & Culture 27:4, pages 1352-1368.
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Cassandra Alexopoulos & Drew P. Cingel. (2023) Sexual Consent on Television: Differing Portrayal Effects on Adolescent Viewers. Archives of Sexual Behavior 52:6, pages 2589-2604.
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Lindsay M. Orchowski, Heidi Zinzow, Martie Thompson & Sharon Wood. (2023) Open pilot trial of an interactive digital application for campus sexual violence prevention. Journal of Community Psychology 51:5, pages 1977-2000.
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Lauryn Vander Molen, Scott T. Ronis & Aryn A. Benoit. (2022) Paraphilic Interests Versus Behaviors: Factors that Distinguish Individuals Who Act on Paraphilic Interests From Individuals Who Refrain. Sexual Abuse 35:4, pages 403-427.
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Nieves Moyano, María del Mar Sánchez-Fuentes, Sandra Milena Parra-Barrera & Reina Granados de Haro. (2022) Only “yes” means “yes”: Negotiation of Sex and Its Link With Sexual Violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 38:3-4, pages 2759-2777.
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Rakiya FarahRakiya Farah. 2023. Rereading Identity Deception in the UK Sexual Offences Act 2003. Rereading Identity Deception in the UK Sexual Offences Act 2003 31 47 .
Astrid Evelyn Irizarry Rodriguez, Caleb Esteban, Juan A González & Christopher Reverol Olavarría. (2022) Desarrollo y validación de la escala de consentimiento sexual. Revista Puertorriqueña de Psicologia 33:2, pages 318-332.
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Sahnah Lim, Shahmir H. Ali, Sadia Mohaimin, Ritu Dhar, Moitrayee Dhar, Farzana Rahman, Liza Roychowdhury, Tanzeela Islam & Nadia Islam. (2022) Help seeking and mental health outcomes among South Asian young adult survivors of sexual violence in the New York State Region. BMC Public Health 22:1.
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Lindsay M. Orchowski, Alan Berkowitz, Daniel Oesterle, Cristobál Berry-Cabán, Brian Borsari, Christopher W. Kahler & Donna M. Kazemi. (2022) Correlates of Bystander Intervention Attitudes and Intentions Among Young Adult Active Duty Male Soldiers. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 37:23-24, pages NP23262-NP23280.
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Airica MacDougall, Sarah Craig, Kaitlyn Goldsmith & E. Sandra Byers. (2022) Sexual consent attitudes and behaviour: Associations with sexual health education, sexual consent education, and sexual attitudes. The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 31:2, pages 185-197.
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Kenneth W. Griffin, Lisa L. Lindley, Elaine Cooper Russell, Tori Mudd, Christopher Williams & Gilbert J. Botvin. (2022) Sexual Violence and Substance Use among First-Year University Women: Differences by Sexual Minority Status. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:16, pages 10100.
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Craig Winston LeCroy, Skyler Milligan-LeCroy & Darlene Lopez. (2021) Guy Talk : A Gender-Specific Sexual Education Program to Reduce Sexual Risk Behaviors With High School Males . Health Education & Behavior 49:4, pages 593-602.
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Xin Shi & Yong Zheng. (2022) Hostile and Benevolent Sexism and Attitudes Toward Establishing Consent Among Chinese Men: The Detrimental Role of Token Resistance Beliefs and Binge Drinking. Sex Roles 87:1-2, pages 52-67.
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Elizabeth A. Moschella-Smith, Sharyn J. Potter & Mary M. Moynihan. (2022) Correlates of Bystander Intentions and Behavior among Community College Students in Situations of Sexual Violence. Journal of Prevention 43:2, pages 277-295.
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Shahmir H. Ali, Sadia Mohaimin, Ritu Dhar, Moitrayee Dhar, Farzana Rahman, Liza Roychowdhury, Tanzeela Islam & Sahnah Lim. (2022) Sexual violence among LGB+ South Asian Americans: Findings from a community survey. PLOS ONE 17:2, pages e0264061.
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Eneyi E Kpokiri, Dan Wu, Megan L Srinivas, Juliana Anderson, Lale Say, Osmo Kontula, Noor A Ahmad, Chelsea Morroni, Chimaraoke Izugbara, Richard de Visser, Georgina Y Oduro, Evelyn Gitau, Alice Welbourn, Michele Andrasik, Wendy V Norman, Soazig Clifton, Amanda Gabster, Amanda Gesselman, Chantal Smith, Nicole Prause, Adesola Olumide, Jennifer T Erausquin, Peter Muriuki, Ariane van der Straten, Martha Nicholson, Kathryn A O'Connell, Meggie Mwoka, Nathalie Bajos, Catherine H Mercer, Lianne Marie Gonsalves & Joseph D Tucker. (2022) Development of an international sexual and reproductive health survey instrument: results from a pilot WHO/HRP consultative Delphi process. Sexually Transmitted Infections 98:1, pages 38-43.
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Xin Shi & Yong Zheng. (2022) Sexual Victimization in Adulthood and Associated Factors Among Men and Women: Cross-Sectional Evidence from Mainland China. Archives of Sexual Behavior 51:2, pages 1001-1017.
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Audréanne Gagnon & Line Chamberland. (2022) consentement sexuel ET adhésion à des stéréotypes de genre : UNE ÉTUDE AUPRÈS D’UN GROUPE DIVERSIFIÉ D’ADULTES ÉMERGENTSSEXUAL CONSENT AND ADHERENCE TO GENDER STEREOTYPES: A STUDY WITH A DIVERSE GROUP OF EMERGING ADULTS. Revue québécoise de psychologie 43:3, pages 183.
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Dennis E. Reidy, Ruschelle M. Leone, Katherine W. Bogen & Monica H. Swahn. 2022. Engaging Boys and Men in Sexual Assault Prevention. Engaging Boys and Men in Sexual Assault Prevention 125 148 .
Sreyashi Mukherjee & Dacia Pajé. 2022. The Forgotten Victims of Sexual Violence in Film, Television and New Media. The Forgotten Victims of Sexual Violence in Film, Television and New Media 123 142 .
John L. McKenna, Lizabeth Roemer & Susan M. Orsillo. (2021) Predictors of Sexual Consent Attitudes, Beliefs, and Behaviors Among Sexual Minority Cisgender and Nonbinary Young Adults. Sex Roles 85:7-8, pages 391-404.
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Kate Walsh, Aaron L. Sarvet, Melanie Wall, Louisa Gilbert, John Santelli, Shamus Khan, Martie P. Thompson, Leigh Reardon, Jennifer S. Hirsch & Claude A. Mellins. (2019) Prevalence and Correlates of Sexual Assault Perpetration and Ambiguous Consent in a Representative Sample of College Students. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 36:13-14, pages NP7005-NP7026.
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Johnson Ching-Hong Li & Virginia Man Chung Tze. (2021) Analytic and bootstrap confidence intervals for the common-language effect size estimate. Methodology 17:1, pages 1-21.
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Janet Yuen-Ha Wong, Wen Zhang, Yongda Wu, Edmond Pui Hang Choi, Herman Hay Ming Lo, Wendy Wong, Jasmine Hin Man Chio, Hau Lin Cherry Tam, Fei Wan Ngai, Marie Tarrant, Man Ping Wang, Hextan Yuen-Sheung Ngan & Daniel Yee-Tak Fong. (2021) An Interactive Web-Based Sexual Health Literacy Program for Safe Sex Practice for Female Chinese University Students: Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research 23:3, pages e22564.
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Alisa R. Garner, Laura C. Spiller & Patrick Williams. (2017) Sexual Coercion in the College Population: A Form of Risk-Taking Behavior. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 35:23-24, pages 5276-5291.
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Alyssa M. Glace & Keith L. Kaufman. (2020) Sexual consent attitudes and rape‐supportive norms among gender and sexual minority students. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 20:1, pages 657-675.
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Elizabeth Miller, Kelley A. Jones, Heather L. McCauley, Dana L. Rofey, Duncan B. Clark, Janine M. Talis, Jocelyn C. Anderson, Carla D. Chugani, Robert W.S. Coulter & Kaleab Z. Abebe. (2020) Cluster Randomized Trial of a College Health Center Sexual Violence Intervention. American Journal of Preventive Medicine 59:1, pages 98-108.
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Monica K. Miller. (2020) Judgments about sexual assault vary depending on whether an affirmative consent policy or a “no means no” policy is applied. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research 12:3, pages 163-175.
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Chelom E. Leavitt, David B. Allsop, Dean M. Busby, Shayla M. Driggs, Heather M. Johnson & Matthew T. Saxey. (2020) Associations of mindfulness with adolescent outcomes and sexuality. Journal of Adolescence 81:1, pages 73-86.
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Mark A. Levand. (2019) Consent as Cross-Cultural Communication: Navigating Consent in a Multicultural World. Sexuality & Culture 24:3, pages 835-847.
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Malachi Willis & Kristen N. Jozkowski. (2019) Sexual Precedent’s Effect on Sexual Consent Communication. Archives of Sexual Behavior 48:6, pages 1723-1734.
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Chelsea D. Kilimnik & Terry P. Humphreys. (2018) Understanding sexual consent and nonconsensual sexual experiences in undergraduate women: The role of identification and rape myth acceptance. The Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality 27:3, pages 195-206.
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Autumn Shafer, Rebecca R. Ortiz, Bailey Thompson & Jennifer Huemmer. (2018) The Role of Hypermasculinity, Token Resistance, Rape Myth, and Assertive Sexual Consent Communication Among College Men. Journal of Adolescent Health 62:3, pages S44-S50.
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Kaleab Z. Abebe, Kelley A. Jones, Dana Rofey, Heather L. McCauley, Duncan B. Clark, Rebecca Dick, Theresa Gmelin, Janine Talis, Jocelyn Anderson, Carla Chugani, Gabriela Algarroba, Ashley Antonio, Courtney Bee, Clare Edwards, Nadia Lethihet, Justin Macak, Joshua Paley, Irving Torres, Courtney Van Dusen & Elizabeth Miller. (2018) A cluster-randomized trial of a college health center-based alcohol and sexual violence intervention (GIFTSS): Design, rationale, and baseline sample. Contemporary Clinical Trials 65, pages 130-143.
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Yolinliztli Pérez. (2017) California define qué es “consentimiento sexual”. Sexualidad, Salud y Sociedad (Rio de Janeiro):25, pages 113-133.
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