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Original Articles

Observation of Electro-Optical Effects in Blue Phase Systems

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Pages 99-105 | Received 07 Feb 1983, Published online: 17 Oct 2011

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Read on this site (19)

Heinz S. Kitzerow. (2022) Obituary Prof. Dr. Gerd Heppke. Liquid Crystals Today 31:2, pages 18-27.
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Helen F. Gleeson, R.J. Miller, L. Tian, V. Görtz & J.W. Goodby. (2015) Liquid crystal blue phases: stability, field effects and alignment. Liquid Crystals 42:5-6, pages 760-771.
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H.-S. Kitzerow. (2010) Blue Phases: Prior Art, Potential Polar Effects, Challenges. Ferroelectrics 395:1, pages 66-85.
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J. Mahadeva, K.r. Prasad, Nagappa & P.R. Alapati. (1999) Electric Field Effect on the Blue Phase of Mixtures of Liquid Crystalline Compounds. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 330:1, pages 383-390.
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H.S. Kitzerow. (1991) The Effect of Electric Fields on Blue Phases. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 202:1, pages 51-83.
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U. Singh & P.H. Keyes. (1990) Measurement of the Kerr effect in cholesteric blue phases. Liquid Crystals 8:6, pages 851-860.
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G. Heppke, H.-S. Kitzerow, D. Lötzsch & Ch. Papenfuß. (1990) Blue phase mixtures exhibiting low fractions of a chiral compound experimental observation of some unusual properties. Liquid Crystals 8:3, pages 407-418.
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H.J. Coles & H.F. Gleeson. (1989) Electric Field Induced Phase Transitions and Colour Switching in the Blue Phases of Chiral Nematic Liquid Crystals. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 167:1, pages 213-225.
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H.F. Gleeson & H.J. Coles. (1989) Dynamic properties of blue-phase mixtures. Liquid Crystals 5:3, pages 917-926.
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G. Heppke, B. Jéròme, H-S. Kitzerow & P. Pieranski. (1989) Observation of a hexagonal blue phase in systems with negative dielectric anisotropy. Liquid Crystals 5:3, pages 813-828.
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P.P. Crooker. (1989) Plenary Lecture. The blue phases. A review of experiments. Liquid Crystals 5:3, pages 751-775.
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J.F. D'allest, J.M. Gilli & P. Sixou. (1988) Blue Phase in Liquid Crystal Polymer Mixtures. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 155:1, pages 571-579.
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Ch. Bahr & G. Heppke. (1987) Electric Field Induced Smectic A to Smectic C Transition in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 150:1, pages 313-324.
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G. Heppke, H.-S. Kitzerow & M. Krumrey. (1987) Angular Dependence of Blue Phase Selective Reflection in the Electric Field. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Incorporating Nonlinear Optics 150:1, pages 265-276.
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F. Porsch & H. Stegemeyer. (1987) Electric Field Induced Phase Transitions in Liquid-Crystalline Blue Phases. Liquid Crystals 2:3, pages 395-399.
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H. Stegemeyer, TH. Blümel, K. Hiltrop, H. Onusseit & F. Porsch. (1986) Thermodynamic, structural and morphological studies on liquid-crystalline blue phases. Liquid Crystals 1:1, pages 3-28.
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PaulR. Gerber. (1985) Electro-Optical Effects of a Small-Pitch Blue-Phase System. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 116:3-4, pages 197-206.
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G. Heppke, H.-S. Kitzerow & M. Krumrey. (1985) Electric Field Induced Variation of the Refractive Index in Cholesteric Blue Phases. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Letters 2:1-2, pages 59-65.
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G. Heppke, H.-S. Kitzerow & M. Krumrey. (1985) Electrooptical Behaviour of Cholesteric Blue Phases with Negative Dielectric Anisotropy. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Letters 1:3-4, pages 117-122.
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Raj Kumar Khan, Golam Mohiuddin, Nazma Begum, Srikanth Turlapati, Rao V. S. Nandiraju, Bugra Koknarugmani Debbarma & Sharmistha Ghosh. (2022) Extremely High Kerr Constant and Low Operating Voltage in a Stable Room-Temperature Blue Phase III Derived from Three-Ring-Based Bent-Core Molecules. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 14:37, pages 42628-42634.
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Xiao-Wei Du, De-Shan Hou, Xuan Li, Dong-Peng Sun, Jiong-Fang Lan, Ji-Liang Zhu & Wen-Jiang Ye. (2019) Symmetric Continuously Tunable Photonic Band Gaps in Blue-Phase Liquid Crystals Switched by an Alternating Current Field. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 11:24, pages 22015-22020.
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Y. Li. 2019. Polymer-modified Liquid Crystals. Polymer-modified Liquid Crystals 292 320 .
Shun-An Jiang, Wei-Jie Sun, Shih-Hung Lin, Jia-De Lin & Chia-yi Huang. (2017) Optical and electro-optic properties of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal cells with photoalignment layers. Optics Express 25:23, pages 28179.
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Yan Li, Shuaijia Huang, Pengcheng Zhou, Shuxin Liu, Jiangang Lu, Xiao Li & Yikai Su. (2016) Polymer‐Stabilized Blue Phase Liquid Crystals for Photonic Applications. Advanced Materials Technologies 1:8.
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B. Atorf, H. Rasouli, G. Nordendorf, D. Wilkes & H. Kitzerow. (2016) Near infrared Kerr effect and description of field-induced phase transitions in polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals. Applied Physics Letters 108:8.
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Daming Xu, Fenglin Peng & Shin-Tson Wu. 2016. Handbook of Visual Display Technology. Handbook of Visual Display Technology 2363 2379 .
Ling Wang & Quan Li. (2015) Stimuli‐Directing Self‐Organized 3D Liquid‐Crystalline Nanostructures: From Materials Design to Photonic Applications. Advanced Functional Materials 26:1, pages 10-28.
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F. Castles. (2015) A model for the Pockels effect in distorted liquid crystal blue phases. Applied Physics Letters 107:10.
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Daming Xu, Jiamin Yuan, Martin Schadt, Jing Yan & Shin-Tson Wu. Stabilizing blue phase liquid crystals with linearly polarized UV light. Stabilizing blue phase liquid crystals with linearly polarized UV light.
Daming Xu, Fenglin Peng & Shin-Tson Wu. 2014. Handbook of Visual Display Technology. Handbook of Visual Display Technology 1 14 .
Tsung-Hsien Lin, Chun-Wei Chen & Quan Li. 2015. Anisotropic Nanomaterials. Anisotropic Nanomaterials 337 378 .
G. Nordendorf, A. Hoischen, J. Schmidtke, D. Wilkes & H.‐S. Kitzerow. (2014) Polymer‐stabilized blue phases: promising mesophases for a new generation of liquid crystal displays. Polymers for Advanced Technologies 25:11, pages 1195-1207.
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Daming Xu, Jiamin Yuan, Martin Schadt & Shin-Tson Wu. (2014) Blue phase liquid crystals stabilized by linear photo-polymerization. Applied Physics Letters 105:8, pages 081114.
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Daming Xu, Jing Yan, Jiamin Yuan, Fenglin Peng, Yuan Chen & Shin-Tson Wu. (2014) Electro-optic response of polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystals. Applied Physics Letters 105:1.
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Satoshi Aya, Anna Zep, Kenji Aihara, Kenji Ema, Damian Pociecha, Ewa Gorecka, Fumito Araoka, Ken Ishikawa & Hideo Takezoe. (2014) Stable electro-optic response in wide-temperature blue phases realized in chiral asymmetric bent dimers [Invited]. Optical Materials Express 4:4, pages 662.
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Gaby Nordendorf, Alexander Lorenz, Andreas Hoischen, Jürgen Schmidtke, Heinz Kitzerow, David Wilkes & Michael Wittek. (2013) Hysteresis and memory factor of the Kerr effect in blue phases. Journal of Applied Physics 114:17.
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Seishi Shibayama, Hiroki Higuchi, Yasushi Okumura & Hirotsugu Kikuchi. (2012) Dendron‐Stabilized Liquid Crystalline Blue Phases with an Enlarged Controllable Range of the Photonic Band for Tunable Photonic Devices. Advanced Functional Materials 23:19, pages 2387-2396.
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Yuan Chen & Shin-Tson Wu. (2013) Electric field-induced monodomain blue phase liquid crystals. Applied Physics Letters 102:17.
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Jin Yan, Shin-Tson Wu, Kung-Lung Cheng & Jyh-Wen Shiu. (2013) A full-color reflective display using polymer-stabilized blue phase liquid crystal. Applied Physics Letters 102:8.
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Hui-Yu Chen, Ji-Yi Chiou & Kai-Xian Yang. (2011) Reversible and fast shift in reflection band of a cubic blue phase in a vertical electric field. Applied Physics Letters 99:18.
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Oana Stamatoiu, Javad Mirzaei, Xiang Feng & Torsten Hegmann. 2012. Liquid Crystals. Liquid Crystals 331 393 .
Jie Xiang, Shin‐Ying Lu & Liang‐Chy Chien. (2012) 7.2: Wide Temperature Range Blue Phase Liquid Crystals for Display Applications. SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers 41:1, pages 80-83.
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Shin-Ying Lu & Liang-Chy Chien. (2010) Electrically switched color with polymer-stabilized blue-phase liquid crystals. Optics Letters 35:4, pages 562.
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Heinz‐S. Kitzerow. (2006) Blue Phases at Work!. ChemPhysChem 7:1, pages 63-66.
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Y. Hisakado, H. Kikuchi, T. Nagamura & T. Kajiyama. (2004) Large Electro‐optic Kerr Effect in Polymer‐Stabilized Liquid‐Crystalline Blue Phases. Advanced Materials 17:1, pages 96-98.
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Peter P. Crooker. 2001. Chirality in Liquid Crystals. Chirality in Liquid Crystals 186 222 .
H.-S. Kitzerow, P. P. Crooker, S. L. Kwok, J. Xu & G. Heppke. (1990) Dynamics of blue-phase selective reflections in an electric field. Physical Review A 42:6, pages 3442-3448.
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T Seideman. (1990) The liquid-crystalline blue phases. Reports on Progress in Physics 53:6, pages 659-706.
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R. M. Hornreich & S. Shtrikman. 1990. Geometry and Thermodynamics. Geometry and Thermodynamics 205 214 .
David C. Wright & N. David Mermin. (1989) Crystalline liquids: the blue phases. Reviews of Modern Physics 61:2, pages 385-432.
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G. Heppke, B. Jérôme, H.-S. Kitzerow & P. Pieranski. (1989) Electrostriction of BPI and BPII for blue phase systems with negative dielectric anisotropy. Journal de Physique 50:5, pages 549-562.
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G. Heppke, B. Jérôme, H.-S. Kitzerow & P. Pieranski. (1989) Electrostriction of the cholesteric blue phases BPI and BPII in mixtures with positive dielectric anisotropy. Journal de Physique 50:19, pages 2991-2998.
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D. K. Yang & P. P. Crooker. (1988) Blue phase III of chiral liquid crystals in an electric field. Physical Review A 37:10, pages 4001-4005.
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Dror Lubin & R. M. Hornreich. (1987) Effect of a weak electric field on the cubic blue phases of cholesteric liquid crystals. Physical Review A 36:2, pages 849-857.
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Nong-Ruay Chen & John T. Ho. (1987) Electric-field-induced phase diagrams of blue-phase systems. Physical Review A 35:11, pages 4886-4888.
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P. Pieranski & P. E. Cladis. (1987) Field-induced tetragonal blue phase (BP X ) . Physical Review A 35:1, pages 355-364.
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H. Stegemeyer & B. Spier. (1987) Kinetic hindrance of the electric field-induced blue phase I→cholesteric transition. Chemical Physics Letters 133:2, pages 176-178.
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P. E. Cladis. 1987. Theory and Applications of Liquid Crystals. Theory and Applications of Liquid Crystals 73 98 .
P. E. Cladis, T. Garel & P. Pieranski. (1986) Kossel Diagrams Show Electric-Field-Induced Cubic-Tetragonal Structural Transition in Frustrated Liquid-Crystal Blue Phases. Physical Review Letters 57:22, pages 2841-2844.
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F. Porsch & H. Stegemeyer. (1986) The effect of an electric field on the selective reflection bands of liquid crystalline blue phases. Chemical Physics Letters 125:4, pages 319-323.
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R. M. Hornreich, M. Kugler & S. Shtrikman. (1985) Possibility of a Field-Induced Hexagonal Blue Phase in Cholesteric Liquid Crystals. Physical Review Letters 54:19, pages 2099-2102.
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P. Pieranski, P.E. Cladis & R. Barbet-Massin. (1985) Experimental evidence for a hexagonal Blue Phase. Journal de Physique Lettres 46:20, pages 973-977.
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H. Stegemeyer & F. Porsch. (1984) Electric field effect on phase transitions in liquid-crystalline blue-phase systems. Physical Review A 30:6, pages 3369-3371.
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