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Molecular Physics
An International Journal at the Interface Between Chemistry and Physics
Volume 101, 2003 - Issue 4-5
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Original Articles

The sensitive detection of NO by Faraday modulation spectroscopy with a quantum cascade laser

HEIKO GANSER Institut für Angewandte Physik, Wegelerstrasse 8, D 53115, Bonn, Germany
,
WOLFGANG URBAN Institut für Angewandte Physik, Wegelerstrasse 8, D 53115, Bonn, Germany
&
JOHN M. BROWN Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QZ, UK
Pages 545-550 | Received 11 Apr 2002, Accepted 29 Apr 2002, Published online: 18 Nov 2009

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. (2007) Editorial. Molecular Physics 105:5-7, pages 451-453.
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Zhiyuan Jiang, Jian Wu, Ziwei Chen, Zhenyu Wang, Huantong Shi & Xingwen Li. (2022) Improved measurement method for the Faraday rotation distribution using beam splitting. Optics Express 30:6, pages 8917.
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Feng-Ming Jia, Jiao-Xu Mei, Rui-Feng Wang, Gang Cheng, Kun Liu & Xiao-Ming Gao. (2022) Optimization of distribution of permanent magnetrings for Faraday rotation spectroscopy. Acta Physica Sinica 71:8, pages 080701.
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Chen-An Chung & Yuan-Pern Lee. 2022. Molecular and Laser Spectroscopy. Molecular and Laser Spectroscopy 529 578 .
Jakob Hayden, Jonas Westberg, Charles Link Patrick, Bernhard Lendl & Gerard Wysocki. (2018) Frequency-locked cavity ring-down Faraday rotation spectroscopy. Optics Letters 43:20, pages 5046.
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Gracia Montilla-Bascón, Julien Mandon, Frans J. M. Harren, Luis A. J. Mur, Simona M. Cristescu & Elena Prats. 2018. Nitric Oxide. Nitric Oxide 49 57 .
Kuijun Wu, Linmei Liu, Zhenwei Chen, Xuewu Cheng, Yong Yang & Faquan Li. (2017) High-resolution and broadband mid-infrared Zeeman spectrum of gas-phase nitric oxide using a quantum cascade laser around 5.2 μ m . Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics 50:3, pages 035401.
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Kun Liu, Rafał Lewicki & Frank K. Tittel. (2016) Development of a mid-infrared nitrogen dioxide sensor based on Faraday rotation spectroscopy. Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 237, pages 887-893.
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Jaroslav Šebestík, Josef Kapitán, Ondřej Pačes & Petr Bouř. (2016) Diamagnetic Raman Optical Activity of Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine Gases. Angewandte Chemie International Edition 55:10, pages 3504-3508.
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Jaroslav Šebestík, Josef Kapitán, Ondřej Pačes & Petr Bouř. (2016) Diamagnetic Raman Optical Activity of Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine Gases. Angewandte Chemie 128:10, pages 3565-3569.
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Julien Mandon, Luis A. J. Mur, Frans J. M. Harren & Simona M. Cristescu. 2016. Plant Nitric Oxide. Plant Nitric Oxide 113 126 .
E.N. Chesnokov, V.V. Kubarev, P.V. Koshlyakov, Y.V. Getmanov & O.A. Shevchenko. (2015) Non-Faraday rotation of the free induction decay in gaseous NO. Chemical Physics Letters 636, pages 203-207.
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Yin Wang, Michal Nikodem, Eric Zhang, Frank Cikach, Jarrod Barnes, Suzy Comhair, Raed A. Dweik, Christina Kao & Gerard Wysocki. (2015) Shot-noise Limited Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy for Detection of Nitric Oxide Isotopes in Breath, Urine and Blood. Scientific Reports 5:1.
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Ove Axner, Patrick Ehlers, Thomas Hausmaninger, Isak Silander & Weiguang Ma. (2014) Noise-immune cavity-enhanced analytical atomic spectrometry — NICE-AAS — A technique for detection of elements down to zeptogram amounts. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 100, pages 211-235.
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Brian Brumfield, Wenting Sun, Yin Wang, Yiguang Ju & Gerard Wysocki. (2014) Dual modulation Faraday rotation spectroscopy of HO_2 in a flow reactor. Optics Letters 39:7, pages 1783.
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Frank K. Tittel, Rafal Lewicki, Robert Lascola & Scott McWhorter. 2013. Trace Analysis of Specialty and Electronic Gases. Trace Analysis of Specialty and Electronic Gases 71 109 .
D. Marchenko, J. Mandon, S. M. Cristescu, P. J. F. M. Merkus & F. J. M. Harren. (2013) Quantum cascade laser-based sensor for detection of exhaled and biogenic nitric oxide. Applied Physics B 111:3, pages 359-365.
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S M Cristescu, J Mandon, F J M Harren, P Meriläinen & M Högman. (2013) Methods of NO detection in exhaled breath. Journal of Breath Research 7:1, pages 017104.
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S. M. Cristescu, D. Marchenko, J. Mandon, K. Hebelstrup, G. W. Griffith, L. A. J. Mur & F. J. M. Harren. (2012) Spectroscopic monitoring of NO traces in plants and human breath: applications and perspectives. Applied Physics B 110:2, pages 203-211.
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Yin Wang, Michal Nikodem & Gerard Wysocki. (2013) Cryogen-free heterodyne-enhanced mid-infrared Faraday rotation spectrometer. Optics Express 21:1, pages 740.
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F.K. Tittel & R. Lewicki. 2013. Semiconductor Lasers. Semiconductor Lasers 579 629 .
Brian Brumfield, Wenting Sun, Yiguang Ju & Gerard Wysocki. (2013) Dual Modulation Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy of HO2 for Combustion Diagnostics. Dual Modulation Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy of HO2 for Combustion Diagnostics.
W. Zhao, G. Wysocki, W. Chen & W. Zhang. (2012) High sensitivity Faraday rotation spectrometer for hydroxyl radical detection at 2.8 μm. Applied Physics B 109:3, pages 511-519.
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Junyang Wang, Patrick Ehlers, Isak Silander & Ove Axner. (2012) Speed-dependent effects in dispersion mode of detection and in noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectrometry: experimental demonstration and validation of predicted line shape. Journal of the Optical Society of America B 29:10, pages 2980.
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Mohammed A. Gondal, Ahmed Asaad I. Khalil & Noura Al-Suliman. (2012) High sensitive detection of nitric oxide using laser induced photoacoustic spectroscopy at 213 nm. Applied Optics 51:23, pages 5724.
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Brian Brumfield, Wenting Sun, Yiguang Ju & Gerard Wysocki. (2012) Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy of Radicals Relevant to Combustion. Faraday Rotation Spectroscopy of Radicals Relevant to Combustion.
Julien Mandon, Marieann Högman, Peter J. F. M. Merkus, Jan van Amsterdam, Frans J. M. Harren & Simona M. Cristescu. (2012) Exhaled nitric oxide monitoring by quantum cascade laser: comparison with chemiluminescent and electrochemical sensors. Journal of Biomedical Optics 17:1, pages 017003.
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Baoliang Wang, Petr Bouř & Timothy A. Keiderling. (2012) Rotationally resolved magnetic vibrational circular dichroism of the paramagnetic molecule NO. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 14:27, pages 9586.
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Junyang Wang, Patrick Ehlers, Isak Silander & Ove Axner. (2011) Dicke narrowing in the dispersion mode of detection and in noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical heterodyne molecular spectroscopy—theory and experimental verification. Journal of the Optical Society of America B 28:10, pages 2390.
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Jonas Westberg, Pawel Kluczynski, Stefan Lundqvist & Ove Axner. (2011) Analytical expression for the nth Fourier coefficient of a modulated Lorentzian dispersion lineshape function. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 112:9, pages 1443-1449.
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P. Kluczynski, S. Lundqvist, J. Westberg & O. Axner. (2010) Faraday rotation spectrometer with sub-second response time for detection of nitric oxide using a cw DFB quantum cascade laser at 5.33 μm. Applied Physics B 103:2, pages 451-459.
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Weixiong Zhao, Gerard Wysocki, Weidong Chen, Eric Fertein, David Le Coq, Denis Petitprez & Weijun Zhang. (2011) Sensitive and selective detection of OH radicals using Faraday rotation spectroscopy at 28 µm. Optics Express 19:3, pages 2493.
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Yixian Qian & Huijuan Sun. (2011) Improved approach for ultra-sensitive detection of NO. Optics Express 19:2, pages 739.
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Frank K. Tittel. (2010) Current status of midinfrared quantum and interband cascade lasers for clinical breath analysis. Optical Engineering 49:11, pages 111123.
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Jonas Westberg, Lemthong Lathdavong, Claude M. Dion, Jie Shao, Pawel Kluczynski, Stefan Lundqvist & Ove Axner. (2010) Quantitative description of Faraday modulation spectrometry in terms of the integrated linestrength and 1st Fourier coefficients of the modulated lineshape function. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 111:16, pages 2415-2433.
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Jie Shao, Lemthong Lathdavong, Jonas Westberg, Pawel Kluczynski, Stefan Lundqvist & Ove Axner. (2010) Faraday modulation spectrometry of nitric oxide addressing its electronic X^2Π−A^2Σ^+ band: II experiment. Applied Optics 49:29, pages 5614.
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Lemthong Lathdavong, Jonas Westberg, Jie Shao, Claude M. Dion, Pawel Kluczynski, Stefan Lundqvist & Ove Axner. (2010) Faraday modulation spectrometry of nitric oxide addressing its electronic X^2Π−A^2Σ^+band: I theory. Applied Optics 49:29, pages 5597.
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V. Spagnolo, A. A. Kosterev, L. Dong, R. Lewicki & F. K. Tittel. (2010) NO trace gas sensor based on quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy and external cavity quantum cascade laser. Applied Physics B 100:1, pages 125-130.
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Jie Shao, Hui Wang, Weidong Zhou, Baojing Peng & Chaofu Ying. (2010) The Highly Sensitive Detection of NO Using FAMOS by a Fully-Diode-Laser-Based UV System. The Highly Sensitive Detection of NO Using FAMOS by a Fully-Diode-Laser-Based UV System.
Shao Jie, Sun Hui-Juan, Wang Hui, Zhou Wei-Dong & Wu Gen-Zhu. (2010) Wavelength Modulation Absorption Spectroscopy Using a Frequency-Quadruped Current-Modulated System. Chinese Physics Letters 27:5, pages 054206.
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Robert F. Curl, Federico Capasso, Claire Gmachl, Anatoliy A. Kosterev, Barry McManus, Rafał Lewicki, Michael Pusharsky, Gerard Wysocki & Frank K. Tittel. (2010) Quantum cascade lasers in chemical physics. Chemical Physics Letters 487:1-3, pages 1-18.
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Tatiana Yu. Karogodina, Svetlana V. Sergeeva & Dmitri V. Stass. (2009) Magnetic Field Effect in the Reaction of Recombination of Nitric Oxide and Superoxide Anion. Applied Magnetic Resonance 36:2-4, pages 195-208.
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Rafał Lewicki, James H. DotyIIIIII, Robert F. Curl, Frank K. Tittel & Gerard Wysocki. (2009) Ultrasensitive detection of nitric oxide at 5.33 μm by using external cavity quantum cascade laser-based Faraday rotation spectroscopy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106:31, pages 12587-12592.
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H. Sabana, T. Fritsch, M. Boyomo Onana, O. Bouba, P. Hering & M. Mürtz. (2009) Simultaneous detection of 14NO and 15NO using Faraday modulation spectroscopy. Applied Physics B 96:2-3, pages 535-544.
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T. Fritsch, M. Horstjann, D. Halmer, Sabana, P. Hering & M. Mürtz. (2008) Magnetic Faraday modulation spectroscopy of the 1–0 band of 14NO and 15NO. Applied Physics B 93:2-3, pages 713-723.
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G. Wysocki, R. Lewicki, R.F. Curl, F.K. Tittel, L. Diehl, F. Capasso, M. Troccoli, G. Hofler, D. Bour, S. Corzine, R. Maulini, M. Giovannini & J. Faist. (2008) Widely tunable mode-hop free external cavity quantum cascade lasers for high resolution spectroscopy and chemical sensing. Applied Physics B 92:3, pages 305-311.
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Rafal Lewicki, Gerard Wysocki, Jim Doty, Robert F. Curl & Frank K. Tittel. (2008) Ultra-sensitive detection of nitric oxide at 5.33 μm using an external cavity QCL based Faraday rotation spectroscopic sensor platform. Ultra-sensitive detection of nitric oxide at 5.33 μm using an external cavity QCL based Faraday rotation spectroscopic sensor platform.
Gerard Wysocki, Rafał Lewicki, Jim Doty, Robert F. Curl & Frank K. Tittel. (2008) Faraday Modulation Spectroscopy of Nitric Oxide at 5.33 µm with an External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser. Faraday Modulation Spectroscopy of Nitric Oxide at 5.33 µm with an External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser.
Agnès Grossel, Virginie Zéninari, Lilian Joly, Bertrand Parvitte, Georges Durry & Daniel Courtois. (2007) Photoacoustic detection of nitric oxide with a Helmholtz resonant quantum cascade laser sensor. Infrared Physics & Technology 51:2, pages 95-101.
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Matthew R. McCurdy, Yury Bakhirkin, Gerard Wysocki & Frank K. Tittel. (2007) Performance of an exhaled nitric oxide and carbon dioxide sensor using quantum cascade laser-based integrated cavity output spectroscopy. Journal of Biomedical Optics 12:3, pages 034034.
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S. Schaden, A. Domínguez-Vidal & B. Lendl. (2006) Simultaneous measurement of two compounds in aqueous solution with dual quantum cascade laser absorption spectroscopy. Applied Physics B 83:1, pages 135-139.
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B. W. M Moeskops, S. M. Cristescu & F. J. M Harren. (2006) Sub-part-per-billion monitoring of nitric oxide by use of wavelength modulation spectroscopy in combination with a thermoelectrically cooled, continuous-wave quantum cascade laser. Optics Letters 31:6, pages 823.
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Y.A. Bakhirkin, A.A. Kosterev, R.F. Curl, F.K. Tittel, D.A. Yarekha, L. Hvozdara, M. Giovannini & J. Faist. (2005) Sub-ppbv nitric oxide concentration measurements using cw thermoelectrically cooled quantum cascade laser-based integrated cavity output spectroscopy. Applied Physics B 82:1, pages 149-154.
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Christy Charlton, Abraham Katzir & Boris Mizaikoff. (2005) Infrared Evanescent Field Sensing with Quantum Cascade Lasers and Planar Silver Halide Waveguides. Analytical Chemistry 77:14, pages 4398-4403.
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Geoffrey Duxbury, Nigel Langford, Michael T. McCulloch & Stephen Wright. (2005) Quantum cascade semiconductor infrared and far-infrared lasers: from trace gas sensing to non-linear optics. Chemical Society Reviews 34:11, pages 921.
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H. Heller, R. Gäbler & K.‐D. Schuster. 2005. Nitric Oxide, Part E. Nitric Oxide, Part E 592 597 .
Ralph Gäbler & Jochen Lehmann. 2005. Nitric Oxide, Part E. Nitric Oxide, Part E 54 60 .
Golo von Basum, Daniel Halmer, Peter Hering, Manfred Mürtz, Stephan Schiller, Frank Müller, Alexander Popp & Frank Kühnemann. (2004) Parts per trillion sensitivity for ethane in air with an optical parametric oscillator cavity leak-out spectrometer. Optics Letters 29:8, pages 797.
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Yury A. Bakhirkin, Anatoliy A. Kosterev, Chad Roller, Robert F. Curl & Frank K. Tittel. (2004) Mid-infrared quantum cascade laser based off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy for biogenic nitric oxide detection. Applied Optics 43:11, pages 2257.
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H. Ganser, M. Horstjann, C.V. Suschek, P. Hering & M. Mürtz. (2004) Online monitoring of biogenic nitric oxide with a QC laser-based Faraday modulation technique. Applied Physics B 78:3-4, pages 513-517.
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