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New Zealand Veterinary Journal Volume 37, 1989 - Issue 1
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Scientific Article

Reference curves to diagnose cobalt deficiency in sheep using liver and serum vitamin B12 levels

R.G. Clark Invermay Animal Health Laboratory, Private Bag, Mosgiel, New Zealand
,
D.F. Wright Agriculture Research Centre, Batchelar House, Palmerston North, New Zealand
,
K.R. Millar Wallaceville Animal Research Centre, Private Bag, Upper Hutt, New Zealand
&
J.D. Rowland Agriculture Research Centre, Batchelar House, Palmerston North, New Zealand
Pages 7-11 | Accepted 07 Sep 1988, Published online: 22 Feb 2011

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M Gibson, KE Lawrence, C Balcomb & RA Laven. (2024) The effect of parenteral vitamin B12 on the growth rate of dairy calves over the summer and autumn on seven farms from the Central Plateau, New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 72:1, pages 10-16.
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SO Knowles & ND Grace. (2017) The vitamin B12 and Se status of lambs during their transition from milk-fed monogastric to grazing herbivore. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 65:3, pages 113-118.
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ND Grace, SO Knowles & R Nortjé. (2014) Vitamin B12 status and the effects of vitamin B12 supplementation during the first year of life of spring calves from pasture-fed dairy herds. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 62:5, pages 274-278.
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ND Grace & SO Knowles. (2012) Lack of production response in grazing dairy cows supplemented withlong-acting injectable vitamin B12 . New Zealand Veterinary Journal 60:2, pages 95-99.
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JM Furlong, JR Sedcole & AR Sykes. (2010) An evaluation of plasma homocysteine in the assessment of vitamin B12 status of pasture-fed sheep. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 58:1, pages 11-16.
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SO Knowles & ND Grace. (2007) A practical approach to managing the risks of iodine deficiency in flocks using thyroid-weight:birthweight ratios of lambs. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 55:6, pages 314-318.
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ND Grace, SO Knowles & DM West. (2006) Dose-response effects of long-acting injectable vitamin B12 plus selenium (Se) on the vitamin B12 and Se status of ewes and their lambs. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 54:2, pages 67-72.
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RG Clark & DF Wright. (2005) Cobalt deficiency in sheep and diagnostic reference ranges. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 53:4, pages 265-266.
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TM Gruner, JR Sedcole, JM Furlong, ND Grace, SD Williams, G Sinclair & AR Sykes. (2004) Changes in serum concentrations of methylmalonic acid and vitamin B12 in cobalt-supplemented ewes and their lambs on two cobalt-deficient properties. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 52:3, pages 117-128.
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ND Grace, SO Knowles, GR Sinclair & J Lee. (2003) Growth response to increasing doses of microencapsulated vitamin B12 and related changes in tissue vitamin B12 concentrations in cobalt-de cient lambs. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 51:2, pages 89-92.
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ND Grace & SO Knowles. (2002) A reference curve using blood selenium concentration to diagnose selenium deficiency and predict growth responses in lambs. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 50:4, pages 163-165.
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RS Ellison. (2002) Major trace elements limiting livestock performance in New Zealand. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 50:sup3, pages 35-40.
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N.D. Grace & D.M. West. (2000) Effect of an injectable microencapsulated Vitamin B12 on serum and liver Vitamin B12 concentrations in calves. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 48:3, pages 70-73.
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N.D. Grace & G.R. Sinclair. (1999) Growth response in lambs injected with a long acting microencapsulated Vitamin B 12 . New Zealand Veterinary Journal 47:6, pages 213-214.
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R.G. Clark, R.S. Ellison, L. Mortleman, J.A. Kirks & H.V. Henderson. (1999) Absence of a weight gain response to Vitamin B12 supplementation in weaned dairy heifers grazing pastures of marginal cobalt content. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 47:4, pages 125-127.
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N.D. Grace. (1999) The effect of increasing the Vitamin B12 status of Romney ewes on foetal liver Vitamin B12, milk Vitamin B12 and liver Vitamin B12 concentrations in suckling lambs. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 47:3, pages 97-100.
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N.D. Grace & D.H. Lewis. (1999) An evaluation of the efficacy of injectable microencapsulated Vitamin B12 in increasing and maintaining the serum and liver Vitamin B12 concentrations of lambs. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 47:1, pages 3-7.
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N.D. Grace, D.M. West & N.D. Sargison. (1998) The efficacy of a subcutaneous injection of soluble Vitamirn B12 in lambs. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 46:5, pages 194-196.
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N.D. Grace, R. Munday, A.M. Thompson, N.R. Towers, K. O'Donnell, R.M. McDonald, M. Stirnemann & A.J. Ford. (1997) Evaluation of intraruminal devices for combined facial eczema control and trace element supplementation in sheep. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 45:6, pages 236-238.
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P. Vellema, L. Moll, H.W. Barkema & Y.H. Schukken. (1997) Effect of cobalt supplementation on serum vitamin B12 levels, weight gain and survival rate in lambs grazing cobalt‐deficient pastures. Veterinary Quarterly 19:1, pages 1-5.
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N. D. Grace, J. R. Rounce & J. Lee. (1996) Effect of soil ingestion on the storage of Se, vitamin B12, Cu, Cd, Fe, Mn, and Zn in the liver of sheep fed lucerne pellets. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 39:3, pages 325-331.
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R.G. Clark, C.J. Mulvaney, D.M. Dodd, R.F. Bishop & G.A. Walker. (1996) Sheep cobalt deficiency in Central Otago. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 44:1, pages 37-38.
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R.G. Clark & R.S. Ellison. (1993) Mineral testing — The approach depends on what you want to find out. New Zealand Veterinary Journal 41:2, pages 98-100.
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Articles from other publishers (14)

Martha Hughes, Ellie Jane Phillips & Rhys Aled Jones. (2023) Supplementation of minerals and vitamins influences optimal targeted selective treatment thresholds for the control of gastro-intestinal nematodes in lambs. Veterinary Parasitology 322, pages 110026.
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Neville Suttle. 2022. Mineral Nutrition of Livestock. Mineral Nutrition of Livestock 516 526 .
Neville Suttle. 2022. Mineral Nutrition of Livestock. Mineral Nutrition of Livestock 229 255 .
Kim Hamer, Hannah Mylin, Donald Barrie, Valentina Busin & Katharine Denholm. (2020) Effect of cobalt supplementation on lamb growth rates in the face of cobalt deficiency. Veterinary Record Case Reports 8:2.
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Scott O. Knowles & Neville D. Grace. (2017) Selenomethionine as a Safer Substitute for Barium Selenate in Long-Acting Injectable Se Supplements for Food-Producing Animals. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 65:37, pages 8120-8127.
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D.J. MacLachlan, K. Budd, J. Connolly, J. Derrick, L. Penrose & T. Tobin. (2016) Arsenic, cadmium, cobalt, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, selenium and zinc concentrations in liver, kidney and muscle in Australian sheep. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 50, pages 97-107.
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S. O. Knowles & N. D. Grace. (2014) A recent assessment of the elemental composition of New Zealand pastures in relation to meeting the dietary requirements of grazing livestock1. Journal of Animal Science 92:1, pages 303-310.
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N.D. Sargison & P.R. Scott. (2010) The implementation and value of diagnostic procedures in sheep health management. Small Ruminant Research 92:1-3, pages 2-9.
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N. F. Suttle & D. G. Jones. 2007. Diseases of Sheep. Diseases of Sheep 377 395 .
Khalid Al-Habsi, Eugene H. Johnson, Isam T. Kadim, Anandarajah Srikandakumar, Kanthi Annamalai, Rashid Al-Busaidy & Osman Mahgoub. (2007) Effects of low concentrations of dietary cobalt on liveweight gains, haematology, serum vitamin B12 and biochemistry of Omani goats. The Veterinary Journal 173:1, pages 131-137.
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M. C. Sharma & C. Joshi. (2005) Therapeutic Efficacy of Zinc Sulphate Used in Clustered Model Treatment in Alleviating Zinc Deficiency in Cattle and Its Effect on Hormones, Vitamins and Production Parameters. Veterinary Research Communications 29:7, pages 609-628.
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N. D. Sargison, P. R. Scott, D. J. Wilson, G. J. C. Bell, S. Mauchline & S. M. Rhind. (2001) Hepatic encephalopathy associated with cobalt deficiency and white liver disease in lambs. Veterinary Record 149:25, pages 770-772.
Crossref
M.C. Marca, J.J. Ramos, T. Sáez, M.C. Sanz, M.T. Verde & A. Fernández. (1996) Vitamin B12 supplementation of lambs. Small Ruminant Research 20:1, pages 9-14.
Crossref
N.D. Grace & R.G. Clark. 1991. Physiological Aspects of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants. Physiological Aspects of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants 321 346 .

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