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Original Articles

The Circles Test: An Investigation of Perceptions of Temporal Relatedness and Dominance

Pages 58-71 | Received 14 Apr 1967, Published online: 16 Nov 2010

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (14)

Laura J. Finan, Ashley N. Linden-Carmichael, Ashley R. Adams, Alyssa Youngquist, Sharon Lipperman-Kreda & Zena R. Mello. (2022) Time perspective and substance use: an examination across three adolescent samples. Addiction Research & Theory 30:2, pages 112-118.
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Zena R. Mello. (2019) A CONSTRUCT MATURES: TIME PERSPECTIVE’S MULTIDIMENSIONAL, DEVELOPMENTAL, AND MODIFIABLE QUALITIES. Research in Human Development 16:2, pages 93-101.
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Terence V Bowles. (2018) Motivation to the Past, Present, and Future: Time Orientation and Disorientation before Therapy. Australian Psychologist 53:3, pages 223-235.
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Juan A. García & Belén Ruiz. (2015) Exploring the Role of Time Perspective in Leisure Choices. Journal of Leisure Research 47:5, pages 515-537.
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Elizabeth Barnett, Donna Spruijt-Metz, Jennifer B. Unger, Louise Ann Rohrbach, Ping Sun & Steve Sussman. (2013) Bidirectional Associations Between Future Time Perspective and Substance Use Among Continuation High-School Students. Substance Use & Misuse 48:8, pages 574-580.
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Kindal Shores & David Scott. (2007) The Relationship of Individual Time Perspective and Recreation Experience Preferences. Journal of Leisure Research 39:1, pages 28-59.
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KarenL. Fingerman & Marion Perlmutter. (1995) Future Time Perspective and Life Events across Adulthood. The Journal of General Psychology 122:1, pages 95-111.
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Paul Fraisse. (1983) Le Futur Dans Les Perspectives Temporelles. International Journal of Psychology 18:1-4, pages 489-495.
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Torgrim Gjesme. (1983) On the Concept of Future Time Orientation: Considerations of Some Functions' and Measurements' Implications. International Journal of Psychology 18:1-4, pages 443-461.
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Fredrick Koenig. (1979) Dominant parent as projected by homosexual and heterosexual males. The Journal of Sex Research 15:4, pages 316-320.
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William Rakowski. (1979) Future time perspective in later adulthood: Review and research directions. Experimental Aging Research 5:1, pages 43-88.
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Stephen H. Getsinger. (1975) Temporal Relatedness: Personality and Behavioral Correlates. Journal of Personality Assessment 39:4, pages 405-408.
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Richard Baldo, Michael Harris & James Crandall. (1975) Relations among Psychosocial Development, Locus of Control, and time Orientation. The Journal of Genetic Psychology 126:2, pages 297-303.
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ThomasJ. Cottle & JosephH. Pleck. (1969) Linear Estimations of Temporal Extension: The Effect of Age, Sex, and Social Class. Journal of Projective Techniques and Personality Assessment 33:1, pages 81-93.
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Articles from other publishers (68)

Yoshiko Yabe & Sachie Yamada. (2023) A pilot study of how the past, present, and future are represented in three-dimensional space. Frontiers in Psychology 14.
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Fatima Touhami, Sélim B. Guessoum, Rahmeth Radjack, Sevan Minassian & Marie-Rose Moro. 2023. Mineurs non accompagnés. Mineurs non accompagnés 255 273 .
Anna Sterna & Marcin Moskalewicz. (2023) “As If There Are Two of Us”: The Battle of Borderline Personality Disorder Diagnosis in Lived Time. Psychopathology 56:4, pages 239-250.
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Zena R. Mello, Monika Buhl, James R. Andretta & Frank C. Worrell. (2022) Time Attitude Profiles and Risky Behaviors Among Adolescents in the United States and Germany. Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research 17:3-2022, pages 310-324.
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Sara Coelho, Alexandre de Mendonça, João Maroco, Sandra Cardoso, Zena Mello & Manuela Guerreiro. (2022) Time perspective and amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Journal of Neuropsychology 16:3, pages 463-480.
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Zena R. Mello, Sarah J. Barber, Sara A. Vasilenko, Julie Chandler & Ryan Howell. (2021) Thinking about the past, present, and future: Time perspective and self‐esteem in adolescents, young adults, middle‐aged adults, and older adults. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 40:1, pages 92-111.
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Rahmeth Radjack, Fatima Touhami, Laure Woestelandt, Sevan Minassian, Yoram Mouchenik, Jonathan Lachal & Marie Rose Moro. (2020) Cultural Competence of Professionals Working With Unaccompanied Minors: Addressing Empathy by a Shared Narrative. Frontiers in Psychiatry 11.
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In-Jo Park, Juil Rie, Hyang Sook Kim & Jiyoung Park. (2018) Effects of a Future Time Perspective–Based Career Intervention on Career Decisions. Journal of Career Development 47:1, pages 96-110.
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Rahmeth Radjack, Fatima Touhami, Mayssa El Husseini, Asmaa Bernichi, Yoram Mouchenik, Sevan Minassian & Marie Rose Moro. (2021) Les mineurs non accompagnés : des destins individuels qui interrogent le politique. Santé mentale au Québec 45:2, pages 97-113.
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Jordy Johannes Eduardus Rovers, Elze Jantien Knol, Jelte Pieksma, Wytse Nienhuis, Anne Barbara Wichmann & Yvonne Engels. (2019) Living at the end-of-life: experience of time of patients with cancer. BMC Palliative Care 18:1.
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Mojan Naisani Samani & Michael A. Busseri. (2019) Examining the Link Between Mindfulness and Temporal Perspective. Mindfulness 10:12, pages 2647-2660.
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Zena R. Mello, Samuel E. Oladipo, Victoria C. Paoloni & Frank C. Worrell. (2018) Time Perspective and Risky Behaviors Among Nigerian Young Adults. Journal of Adult Development 26:3, pages 161-171.
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Andrey L. Andreev & Irina V. Lashuk. (2019) Russian and Belarusian Students: World Views, System of Values, Self-Actualization Strategies. Part I. Sociologicheskaja nauka i social naja praktika 7:1, pages 72-82.
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Krittinee NuttavuthisitKrittinee Nuttavuthisit. 2019. Qualitative Consumer and Marketing Research. Qualitative Consumer and Marketing Research 51 82 .
Brian J. Taber. 2019. Handbook of Innovative Career Counselling. Handbook of Innovative Career Counselling 103 115 .
Ioan Susnea, Emilia Pecheanu, Luminita Dumitriu & Adina Cocu. (2018) Exploring the value of Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory as predictor of academic outcomes. Exploring the value of Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory as predictor of academic outcomes.
María Juliana Leone, Alejo Salles, Alejandro Pulver, Diego Andrés Golombek & Mariano Sigman. (2018) Time drawings: Spatial representation of temporal concepts. Consciousness and Cognition 59, pages 10-25.
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Sevan Minassian, Fatima Touhami, Rahmethnissah Radjack, Thierry Baubet & Marie Rose Moro. (2017) Les détours du trauma lors de la prise en charge des mineurs isolés étrangers. Enfances & Psy N° 74:2, pages 115-125.
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Rahmeth Radjack, Alice Titia Rizzi, Aurélie Harf & Marie Rose Moro. (2017) Actualités en psychiatrie transculturelle en France. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 175:6, pages 561-566.
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Britt Wiberg, Anna Sircova, Marie Wiberg & Maria G. Carelli. 2017. Time Perspective. Time Perspective 63 95 .
Fatima Touhami, Sevan Minassian, Rahmeth Radjack & Marie Rose Moro. (2017) Le dessin, support de soins aux mineurs isolés étrangers. Soins Pédiatrie/Puériculture 38:294, pages 32-35.
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Jacek Tadeusz Waliński. 2016. Conceptualizations of Time. Conceptualizations of Time 273 294 .
Rahmethnissah Radjack, Sevan Minassian & Marie Rose Moro. (2016) Grandir quand on est mineur isolé. Revue de l'enfance et de l'adolescence n° 93:1, pages 49-62.
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晨 王. (2015) The Structure of Adolescent Time Perspective and the Significance of the Intervention. Advances in Psychology 05:12, pages 731-739.
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Zena R. Mello & Frank C. Worrell. 2015. Time Perspective Theory; Review, Research and Application. Time Perspective Theory; Review, Research and Application 115 129 .
Nicolas Fieulaine & Thémis Apostolidis. 2015. Time Perspective Theory; Review, Research and Application. Time Perspective Theory; Review, Research and Application 213 228 .
Jacek Tadeusz Waliński. (2014) Reflection of Temporal Horizon in Linguistic Performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 126, pages 178-187.
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Morton Beiser. 2014. Refuge and Resilience. Refuge and Resilience 73 90 .
Frank C. Worrell, Zena R. Mello & Monika Buhl. (2011) Introducing English and German Versions of the Adolescent Time Attitude Scale. Assessment 20:4, pages 496-510.
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Zena R. Mello, Laura J. Finan & Frank C. Worrell. (2013) Introducing an instrument to assess time orientation and time relation in adolescents. Journal of Adolescence 36:3, pages 551-563.
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Simon J. Adams & Wendelien van Eerde. (2012) Polychronicity in modern Madrid: An interview study. Time & Society 21:2, pages 175-202.
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Nancy Spears & Clinton Amos. (2012) Revisiting Western time orientations. Journal of Consumer Behaviour 11:3, pages 189-197.
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Ursina Teuscher & Suzanne H. Mitchell. (2017) Relation Between Time Perspective and Delay Discounting: A Literature Review. The Psychological Record 61:4, pages 613-632.
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Morton Beiser. (2009) Resettling Refugees and Safeguarding their Mental Health: Lessons Learned from the Canadian Refugee Resettlement Project. Transcultural Psychiatry 46:4, pages 539-583.
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Cheryl W Thompson & Joyce J Fitzpatrick. (2008) Positive health practices and temporal perspective in low‐income adults. Journal of Clinical Nursing 17:13, pages 1708-1717.
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Marjanke A. Hoogstra & Heiner Schanz. (2008) The future orientation of foresters: An exploratory research among Dutch foresters into the prerequisite for strategic planning in forestry. Forest Policy and Economics 10:4, pages 220-229.
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Frank C. Worrell & Zena R. Mello. (2016) The Reliability and Validity of Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory Scores in Academically Talented Adolescents. Educational and Psychological Measurement 67:3, pages 487-504.
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Morton Beiser. (2016) Longitudinal Research to Promote Effective Refugee Resettlement. Transcultural Psychiatry 43:1, pages 56-71.
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Michel Avital. (2016) Reflections of Time in Lived Experience. Journal of Management Inquiry 11:1, pages 25-27.
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Martin J. Gannon. (2016) Using Cultural Metaphors in University Education and Management Training. International Area Review 4:2, pages 47-59.
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Peg Thoms & Jeffrey K. Pinto. (1999) Project Leadership: A Question of Timing. Project Management Journal 30:1, pages 19-26.
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Reva Berman Brown & Richard Herring. (1998) The circles of time. Journal of Managerial Psychology 13:8, pages 580-602.
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Kathy Whan Marko & Mark L. Savickas. (1998) Effectiveness of a Career Time Perspective Intervention. Journal of Vocational Behavior 52:1, pages 106-119.
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Fons Trompenaars. (2006) Resolving International Conflict: Culture and Business Strategy. Business Strategy Review 7:3, pages 51-68.
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Peg Thoms & David B. Greenberger. (2016) The Relationship between Leadership and Time Orientation. Journal of Management Inquiry 4:3, pages 272-292.
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James E. Bruno. (1995) Doing time—Killing time at school: An examination of the perceptions and allocations of time among teacher-defined at-risk students. The Urban Review 27:2, pages 101-120.
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N. de Leval. (1995) Scales of depression, ill-being and the quality of life—is there any difference? An assay in taxonomy. Quality of Life Research 4:3, pages 259-269.
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Herbert Rappaport. (1991) Measuring defensiveness against future anxiety: Telepression. Current Psychology 10:1-2, pages 65-77.
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Morton Beiser, R.Jay Turner & Soma Ganesan. (1989) Catastrophic stress and factors affecting its consequences among Southeast Asian refugees. Social Science & Medicine 28:3, pages 183-195.
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Jean E. Carlin. (2016) Abstracts and Reviews : CHANGING TIME PERSPECTIVE AND MENTAL HEALTH AMONG SOUTHEAST ASIAN REFUGEES by MORTON BEISER. Culture Medicine and Psychiatry 11 (1987):437-464. Transcultural Psychiatric Research Review 25:3, pages 227-230.
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Charles G. Frederickson. (2016) Temporal Experience: A Two Component Model. Perceptual and Motor Skills 66:1, pages 63-68.
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Morton Beiser. (1987) Changing time perspective and mental health among Southeast Asian refugees. Culture, Medicine and Psychiatry 11:4, pages 437-464.
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Jacob Lomranz, Ariella Friedman, George Gitter, Dov Shmotkin & Gedon Medini. (1995) The Meaning of Time-Related Concepts across the Life-Span: An Israeli Sample. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development 21:2, pages 87-107.
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William Rakowski. (2016) Methodological Considerations for Research on Late Life Future Temporal Perspective. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development 19:1, pages 25-40.
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Richard A. Block, John L. Saggau & Leo H. Nickol. (2016) Temporal Inventory on Meaning and Experience: A Structure of Time. Imagination, Cognition and Personality 3:3, pages 203-225.
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Herbert RappaportKathy Enrich & Arnold Wilson. (2016) Ego Identity and Temporality. Journal of Humanistic Psychology 22:4, pages 53-70.
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Torgrim Gjesme. (1981) Is there any future in achievement motivation?. Motivation and Emotion 5:2, pages 115-138.
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Frederick Koenig, William Swanson & Carl Harter. (1981) FUTURE TIME ORIENTATION, SOCIAL CLASS AND ANOMIA. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 9:2, pages 123-127.
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Fredrick Koenig, William Swanson & Carl Harter. (2016) Future Orientation and Social Status. Perceptual and Motor Skills 51:3, pages 927-930.
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Fredrick Koenig. (2016) Future Orientation and External Locus of Control. Psychological Reports 44:3, pages 957-958.
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Fredrick Koenig. (1979) PERCEPTION OF TIME AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS AND RESIDENTS OF A METROPOLITAN COMMUNITY. Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 7:2, pages 185-187.
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Bernard S. Gorman & Alden E. Wessman. 1977. The Personal Experience of Time. The Personal Experience of Time 215 263 .
Lawrence M. Perlman. (2016) Temporal Extension and Orientation: A Methodological Study. Perceptual and Motor Skills 43:3, pages 775-785.
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Fredrick Koenig. (2016) Perception of Time and Cigarette Smoking among College Students. Perceptual and Motor Skills 34:2, pages 621-622.
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Thomas J. Cattle, Peter Howard & Joseph Pleck. (1969) Adolescent perceptions of time: The effect of age, sex, and social class1. Journal of Personality 37:4, pages 636-650.
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Thomas J. Cottle & Peter Howard. (2016) Temporal Extension and Time Zone Bracketing in Indian Adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills 28:2, pages 599-612.
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Thomas J. Cottle, Joseph Pleck & Sudhir Kakar. (2016) Time and Content of Significant Life Experiences. Perceptual and Motor Skills 27:1, pages 155-171.
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