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Educational Psychology
An International Journal of Experimental Educational Psychology
Volume 19, 1999 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

The Development of Occupational Sex‐role Stereotypes, Occupational Preferences and Academic Subject Preferences in Children at Ages 8, 12 and 16

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Pages 17-35 | Published online: 29 Sep 2006

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (14)

Toni Babarović, Mirta Blažev, Iva Šverko & Terence J. G. Tracey. (2023) Development of vocational gender stereotype attitudes scale (VGSA) for adolescents. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling 51:4, pages 603-624.
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Fei Zhu, Stewart Thornhill & Dan K. Hsu. (2021) When owner, family, and community roles intertwine: Examining entrepreneurs’ persistence decisions and the gender effect. Journal of Small Business Management 59:sup1, pages S102-S133.
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Connie Hancock, Anna Pérez-Quintana & Esther Hormiga. (2014) Stereotypical Notions of the Entrepreneur: An Analysis from a Perspective of Gender. Journal of Promotion Management 20:1, pages 82-94.
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Konstantina Rentzou. (2013) Greek male senior high school students' attitudes and perceptions towards early childhood education and care. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 18:1, pages 45-62.
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Maarten Pinxten, Bieke De Fraine, Wim Van Den Noortgate, Jan Van Damme & Dickson Anumendem. (2012) Educational choice in secondary school in Flanders: the relative impact of occupational interests on option choice. Educational Research and Evaluation 18:6, pages 541-569.
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Helen Russell, Emer Smyth & PhilipJ. O'Connell. (2010) Gender differences in pay among recent graduates: private sector employees in Ireland. Journal of Youth Studies 13:2, pages 213-233.
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Emer Smyth & Merike Darmody. (2009) ‘Man enough to do it’? Girls and non‐traditional subjects in lower secondary education. Gender and Education 21:3, pages 273-292.
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Peter Davies, Shqiponje Telhaj, David Hutton, Nick Adnett & Robert Coe. (2009) Competition, cream‐skimming and department performance within secondary schools1 . British Educational Research Journal 35:1, pages 65-81.
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Peter Davies, Shqiponje Telhaj, David Hutton, Nick Adnett & Robert Coe. (2008) Socioeconomic background, gender and subject choice in secondary schooling. Educational Research 50:3, pages 235-248.
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Jayne Osgood, Becky Francis & Louise Archer. (2006) Gendered identities and work placement: why don't boys care?. Journal of Education Policy 21:3, pages 305-321.
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Becky Francis, Merryn Hutchings, Louise Archer & Lindsay Amelling. (2003) Subject Choice and Occupational Aspirations among Pupils at Girls' Schools. Pedagogy, Culture & Society 11:3, pages 425-442.
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ANN COLLEY & CHRIS COMBER. (2003) School Subject Preferences: Age and gender differences revisited. Educational Studies 29:1, pages 59-67.
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Articles from other publishers (51)

Janina Sundermeier & Conny Steenblock. (2023) Promoting a Contemporary Image of Entrepreneurial Careers: A Course Concept to Address Gender Role Stereotypes Through Entrepreneurship Education. Journal of Management Education 48:2, pages 302-339.
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Franziska Mattner & Janina Sundermeier. (2023) Revision needed? A social constructionist perspective on measurement scales for assessing gender role stereotypes in entrepreneurship. International Small Business Journal: Researching Entrepreneurship 41:8, pages 825-842.
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Erin B. Fennern & Sharon L. Stein. (2023) Gender Inequity in the Clinical Setting. Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery 36:05, pages 309-314.
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Sunita Dewitt, Vahid Jafari-Sadeghi, Arun Sukumar, Roopa Aruvanahalli Nagaraju, Razieh Sadraei & Fujia Li. (2022) Family dynamics and relationships in female entrepreneurship: an exploratory study. Journal of Family Business Management 13:3, pages 626-644.
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Daniela Renger, Sophus Renger, Michaela M. Köller & Jens Möller. (2023) Teachers of tomorrow: How gender framings of the teaching profession affect students' intention to teach. Zeitschrift für Pädagogische Psychologie 37:1-2, pages 111-121.
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Lara A. Wood, Jacqui Hutchison, Mhairi Aitken & Sheila J. Cunningham. (2021) Gender stereotypes in UK children and adolescents: Changing patterns of knowledge and endorsement. British Journal of Social Psychology 61:3, pages 768-789.
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Esma EROĞLU. (2022) Kapsayıcı Resimli Çocuk Kitaplarının Okul Öncesi Eğitimde KullanılmasıUsing Inclusive Picture Books in Early Childhood Settings. Temel Eğitim Araştırmaları Dergisi 2:1, pages 60-73.
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Valentina Canessa-PollardDrDr, David Reby, Robin Banerjee, Jane Oakhill & Alan Garnham. (2022) The development of explicit occupational gender stereotypes in children: Comparing perceived gender ratios and competence beliefs. Journal of Vocational Behavior 134, pages 103703.
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Lisa M. Seebacher, Irina Vana, Christian Voigt & Juliet Tschank. (2021) Is Science for Everyone? Exploring Intersectional Inequalities in Connecting With Science. Frontiers in Education 6.
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José Carlos Sánchez-García, Brizeida Raquel Hernández-Sánchez & Giuseppina Maria Cardella. 2021. Handbook of Research on Nascent Entrepreneurship and Creating New Ventures. Handbook of Research on Nascent Entrepreneurship and Creating New Ventures 34 60 .
Valentina Cartei, Jane Oakhill, Alan Garnham, Robin Banerjee & David Reby. (2020) “This Is What a Mechanic Sounds Like”: Children’s Vocal Control Reveals Implicit Occupational Stereotypes. Psychological Science 31:8, pages 957-967.
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Joyce C. He, Sonia K. Kang, Kaylie Tse & Soo Min Toh. (2019) Stereotypes at work: Occupational stereotypes predict race and gender segregation in the workforce. Journal of Vocational Behavior 115, pages 103318.
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Ian Hawkins, Rabindra Ratan, Denice Blair & Joseph Fordham. (2019) The Effects of Gender Role Stereotypes in Digital Learning Games on Motivation for STEM Achievement. Journal of Science Education and Technology 28:6, pages 628-637.
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Kirsi Ikonen, Risto Leinonen, Pekka E. Hirvonen & Mervi A. Asikainen. (2019) Finnish Ninth Graders’ Gender Appropriateness of Occupations. EURASIA Journal of Mathematics, Science and Technology Education 15:12.
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José C. Sánchez-García & Brizeida R. Hernández-Sánchez. 2018. Nascent Entrepreneurship and Successful New Venture Creation. Nascent Entrepreneurship and Successful New Venture Creation 111 131 .
Sara Tranquada & Nuno Correia. The Perseverance of Gender Stereotype. The Perseverance of Gender Stereotype.
Kelly Lynn Mulvey & Matthew J. Irvin. (2018) Judgments and reasoning about exclusion from counter-stereotypic STEM career choices in early childhood. Early Childhood Research Quarterly 44, pages 220-230.
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Sanita Rugina. 2018. Women's Entrepreneurship in Europe. Women's Entrepreneurship in Europe 105 135 .
Kelly Lynn Mulvey, Bridget Miller & Victoria Rizzardi. (2017) Gender and engineering aptitude: Is the color of science, technology, engineering, and math materials related to children’s performance?. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 160, pages 119-126.
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Freda B. Lynn & George Ellerbach. (2016) A Position with a View. American Sociological Review 82:1, pages 32-58.
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R. MurugesanR. Jayavelu. (2017) The Influence of Big Five Personality Traits and Self-efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intention: The Role of Gender. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies 3:1, pages 41-61.
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Hunsik Kang, Jaewon Lee, Hyunho Kim & Taehee Noh. (2016) An Analysis for Gender-Role Stereotyping of Texts and Illustrations in Elementary Science Textbooks developed under 2009 Revised National Curriculum. Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education 35:4, pages 454-468.
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Timea Farkas & Campbell Leaper. (2015) Chivalry’s Double-edged Sword: How Girls’ and Boys’ Paternalistic Attitudes Relate to Their Possible Family and Work Selves. Sex Roles 74:5-6, pages 220-230.
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Dianne H.B. Welsh, Esra Memili & Eugene Kaciak. (2016) An empirical analysis of the impact of family moral support on Turkish women entrepreneurs. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge 1:1, pages 3-12.
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Anne-Laure Kervellec, Eric Jamet, Virginie Dardier, Séverine Erhel, Gaïd Le Maner-Idrissi & Estelle Michinov. 2016. Learning and Collaboration Technologies. Learning and Collaboration Technologies 510 517 .
Daniel B. Wright, Asia A. Eaton & Elin Skagerberg. (2015) Occupational segregation and psychological gender differences: How empathizing and systemizing help explain the distribution of men and women into (some) occupations. Journal of Research in Personality 54, pages 30-39.
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Sheree J. Gibb, David M. Fergusson, L. John Horwood & Joseph M. Boden. (2013) The Effects of Parenthood on Workforce Participation and Income for Men and Women. Journal of Family and Economic Issues 35:1, pages 14-26.
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Hadas Doron, Amitai Bar-On, Degani Tal, Alharar Adi, Kotnick Hadas, Yigar Orli, Gefen Einav, Piler Noah & Ben-Dovid Galit. (2012) A comparison of family-of-origin perception of undergraduates: Social work students and students in other fields. Journal of Social Work 13:5, pages 492-507.
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Samantha Sinclair & Rickard Carlsson. (2013) What will I be when I grow up? The impact of gender identity threat on adolescents' occupational preferences. Journal of Adolescence 36:3, pages 465-474.
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Arijit Sikdar & Sumit Mitra. (2012) Gender‐role stereotypes: perception and practice of leadership in the Middle East. Education, Business and Society: Contemporary Middle Eastern Issues 5:3, pages 146-162.
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Nina Mareen Junker, Birgit Schyns, Rolf van Dick & Sandra Scheurer. (2011) Die Bedeutung der Führungskräfte- Kategorisierung für Commitment, Arbeitszufriedenheit und Wohl- befinden unter Berücksichtigung der Geschlechterrollentheorie. Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A&O 55:4, pages 171-179.
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Andrea Bellucci, Alexander Borisov & Alberto Zazzaro. 2011. The Economics of Small Businesses. The Economics of Small Businesses 195 219 .
Maria Cristina Díaz-García & Juan Jiménez-Moreno. (2009) Entrepreneurial intention: the role of gender. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal 6:3, pages 261-283.
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Gavin R. Neilson & James G. McNally. (2010) Not choosing nursing: Work experience and career choice of high academic achieving school leavers. Nurse Education Today 30:1, pages 9-14.
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Kaylene L. Clayton, Liisa A. von Hellens & Sue H. Nielsen. (2009) Gender stereotypes prevail in ICT. Gender stereotypes prevail in ICT.
Vishal K. GuptaDaniel B. TurbanS. Arzu WastiArijit Sikdar. (2009) The Role of Gender Stereotypes in Perceptions of Entrepreneurs and Intentions to Become an Entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 33:2, pages 397-417.
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Manuel Tostain & Martine Ecolasse. (2009) Évaluation et justification des discriminations liées au sexe : une étude auprès de collégiens. Enfance Vol. 60:4, pages 371-391.
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Stacey Teig & Joshua E. Susskind. (2008) Truck Driver or Nurse? The Impact of Gender Roles and Occupational Status on Children’s Occupational Preferences. Sex Roles 58:11-12, pages 848-863.
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Norma DaykinJudy Orme, David Evans, Debra Salmonwithwith, Malcolm McEachran & Sarah Brain. (2008) The Impact of Participation in Performing Arts on Adolescent Health and Behaviour. Journal of Health Psychology 13:2, pages 251-264.
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Tichatonga J. Nhundu. (2007) Mitigating Gender-typed Occupational Preferences of Zimbabwean Primary School Children: The Use of Biographical Sketches and Portrayals of Female Role Models. Sex Roles 56:9-10, pages 639-649.
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Diane N. Ruble, Carol Lynn Martin & Sheri A. Berenbaum. 2007. Handbook of Child Psychology. Handbook of Child Psychology.
Vishal K. Gupta & Nachiket M. Bhawe. (2016) The Influence of Proactive Personality and Stereotype Threat on Women's Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies 13:4, pages 73-85.
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Nadya A. Fouad. (2007) Work and Vocational Psychology: Theory, Research, and Applications. Annual Review of Psychology 58:1, pages 543-564.
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Emer Smyth. 2007. International Studies in Educational Inequality, Theory and Policy. International Studies in Educational Inequality, Theory and Policy 135 153 .
Manuel Tostain & Joëlle Lebreuilly. (2006) Liens entre flexibilité des rôles de sexe et explications de l'origine des différences entre sexes : études chez des enfants de 5 à 11 ans et des adultes. Bulletin de psychologie Numéro 486:6, pages 615-627.
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Monica Adya & Kate M. Kaiser. (2005) Early determinants of women in the IT workforce: a model of girls' career choices. Information Technology & People 18:3, pages 230-259.
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Alison Fuller, Vanessa Beck & Lorna Unwin. (2005) The gendered nature of apprenticeship. Education + Training 47:4/5, pages 298-311.
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Mathew Jones, Simon Murphy, Debra Salmon, Richard Kimberlee & Judy Orme. (2004) Implementing The Rock Challenge: teacher perspectives on a performing arts programme. Health Education 104:6, pages 351-359.
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Thomas Oakland, Mary E. Stafford, Connie B. Horton & Joseph J. Glutting. (2016) Temperament and Vocational Preferences: Age, Gender, and Racial-Ethnic Comparisons Using the Student Styles Questionnaire. Journal of Career Assessment 9:3, pages 297-314.
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Linda Miller, Tracey Ann Wood, Jackie Halligan, Laurie Keller, Claire Hutchinson‐Pike, Diana Kornbrot & Julie deLotz. (2000) Saying “welcome” is not enough: women, information systems and equity in work. Career Development International 5:7, pages 379-389.
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Consuelo Arbona. (2011) Practice and Research in Career Counseling and Development—1999. The Career Development Quarterly 49:2, pages 98-134.
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