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Research Articles

Chemical characterization of tobacco-free “modern” oral nicotine pouches and their position on the toxicant and risk continuums

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Pages 2246-2254 | Received 02 Feb 2021, Accepted 29 Apr 2021, Published online: 25 May 2021

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Read on this site (2)

Brittney Keller-Hamilton, Hayley Curran, Elise M. Stevens, Patricia J. Zettler, Darren Mays & Amy K. Ferketich. (2023) Effects of “Tobacco Free” Language in Warning Labels on Perceptions of Electronic Cigarettes and Nicotine Pouches among Young Adult Men: A Randomized Trial. Substance Use & Misuse 58:10, pages 1302-1306.
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David Azzopardi, Linsey E. Haswell, Justin Frosina, Michael McEwan, Nathan Gale, Jesse Thissen, Filimon Meichanetzidis & George Hardie. (2023) Assessment of biomarkers of exposure and potential harm, and physiological and subjective health measures in exclusive users of nicotine pouches and current, former and never smokers. Biomarkers 28:1, pages 118-129.
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Articles from other publishers (43)

Hui G Cheng, Jed E Rose, Joshua L Karelitz, David R Botts, Tanaia L Botts, Perry N Willette & Gal Cohen. (2024) Effect of Flavored on! Nicotine Pouch Products on Smoking Behaviors: Protocol for a Sequential, Multiple Assignment, Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Research Protocols 13, pages e56565.
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Nargiz Travis, Kenneth E Warner, Maciej L Goniewicz, Hayoung Oh, Radhika Ranganathan, Rafael Meza, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce & David T Levy. (2024) The Potential Impact of Oral Nicotine Pouches on Public Health: A Scoping Review. Nicotine and Tobacco Research.
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Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg, Andrea Rabenstein, Yvonne Stoll, Marcus Gertzen, Benedikt Rieder, Sebastian Malke, Nestor Burgmann, Peter Laux, Elke Pieper, Thomas Schulz, Klaas Franzen, Andreas Luch & Tobias Rüther. (2024) Small pouches, but high nicotine doses—nicotine delivery and acute effects after use of tobacco-free nicotine pouches. Frontiers in Pharmacology 15.
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Sajal Munawar, Muhammad Faheem, Muhammad Bilal, Asad Akram, Hafeez Anwar & Yasir Jamil. (2024) Elemental Analysis and Classification of Nicotine Pouches Using Machine Learning Assisted Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering.
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Brittney Keller-Hamilton, Hayley Curran, Mahmood Alalwan, Alice Hinton, Marielle C Brinkman, Ahmad El-Hellani, Theodore L Wagener, Kirsten Chrzan, Leanne Atkinson, Sriya Suraapaneni & Darren Mays. (2024) Evaluating the Role of Nicotine Stereoisomer on Nicotine Pouch Abuse Liability: A Randomized Crossover Trial. Nicotine and Tobacco Research.
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Michelle Duren, Lara Atella, Kevin Welding & Ryan David Kennedy. (2024) Nicotine pouches: a summary of regulatory approaches across 67 countries. Tobacco Control 33:e1, pages e32-e40.
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Jaqueline C Avila, Dale Dagar Maglalang, Nicole L Nollen, Sangah Clara Lee, Riley Suh, Mona Malone, Urvi Binjrajka & Jasjit S Ahluwalia. (2024) Using Pod Based e-Cigarettes and Nicotine Pouches to Reduce Harm for Adults With Low Socioeconomic Status Who Smoke: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial. Nicotine and Tobacco Research.
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Brittney Keller‐Hamilton, Mahmood A. Alalwan, Hayley Curran, Alice Hinton, Lauren Long, Kirsten Chrzan, Theodore L. Wagener, Leanne Atkinson, Sriya Suraapaneni & Darren Mays. (2023) Evaluating the effects of nicotine concentration on the appeal and nicotine delivery of oral nicotine pouches among rural and Appalachian adults who smoke cigarettes: A randomized cross‐over study. Addiction 119:3, pages 464-475.
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Erika Grandolfo, Henry Ogden, Ian M Fearon, Layla Malt, Matthew Stevenson, Sarah Weaver & Thomas Nahde. (2024) Tobacco-Free Nicotine Pouches and Their Potential Contribution to Tobacco Harm Reduction: A Scoping Review. Cureus.
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Sonia A Clark, Guido Baler, Kristen L Jarman, M Justin Byron, Adam O Goldstein & Leah M Ranney. (2024) Qualitative perspective on nicotine pouches from adults who smoke cigarettes in North Carolina. Tobacco Control, pages tc-2023-058334.
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Erin A Vogel, Alayna P Tackett, Jennifer B Unger, Maria J Gonzalez, Natalia Peraza, Nikki S Jafarzadeh, Michelle K Page, Maciej L Goniewicz, Melissa Wong & Adam M Leventhal. (2023) Effects of flavour and modified risk claims on nicotine pouch perceptions and use intentions among young adults who use inhalable nicotine and tobacco products: a randomised controlled trial. Tobacco Control, pages tc-2023-058382.
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Michael McEwan, Linsey Ellen Haswell, Sarah Baxter-Wright, Filimon Meichanetzidis, Tao Jin & George Hardie. (2023) Plasma Nicotine Pharmacokinetics of Oral Nicotine Pouches Across Varying Flavours and Nicotine Content *. Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research 32:4, pages 130-139.
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David T Levy, Kenneth E Warner, Alex C Liber, Nargiz Travis, David T Sweanor, Rafael Meza & K Michael Cummings. (2023) Potential Implications for Tobacco Industry Transformation of the Acquisition of Swedish Match by Philip Morris International. Nicotine and Tobacco Research 25:12, pages 1899-1903.
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Lauren Long, Mahmood A. Alalwan, Brittney Keller-Hamilton, Joanne G. Patterson, Megan E. Roberts, Theodore L. Wagener, Leanne Atkinson, Sriya Suraapaneni & Darren Mays. (2023) Perceptions of oral nicotine pouches & their marketing among Ohio Appalachia smokers and smokeless tobacco users. PLOS ONE 18:10, pages e0293597.
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Joshua M. Jackson, Anthony Weke & Richard Holliday. (2023) Nicotine pouches: a review for the dental team. British Dental Journal 235:8, pages 643-646.
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Marius van Oordt. (2023) Innovation, Regulation, and Excise Taxation. World Customs Journal 17:2.
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Selina Rinaldi, Elke Pieper, Thomas Schulz, Ralf Zimmermann, Andreas Luch, Peter Laux & Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg. (2023) Oral nicotine pouches with an aftertaste? Part 2: in vitro toxicity in human gingival fibroblasts. Archives of Toxicology 97:9, pages 2343-2356.
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Nadja Mallock-Ohnesorg, Selina Rinaldi, Sebastian Malke, Nadine Dreiack, Elke Pieper, Peter Laux, Thomas Schulz, Ralf Zimmermann & Andreas Luch. (2023) Oral nicotine pouches with an aftertaste? Part 1: screening and initial toxicological assessment of flavorings and other ingredients. Archives of Toxicology 97:9, pages 2357-2369.
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Robert E. Freeland, Deena R. Battista, Michael Polster, Robyn Chae, Nicole Dianno & Kimberly Frost-Pineda. (2023) Purchase Intent and Product Appeal of Velo Nicotine Pouches Among Current Tobacco Users and Nonusers of Tobacco. Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research 32:3, pages 66-76.
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Sararat Tosakoon, Katelyn F. Romm & Carla J. Berg. (2023) Nicotine pouch awareness, use and perceptions among young adults from six metropolitan statistical areas in the United States. Tobacco Prevention & Cessation 9:June, pages 1-10.
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Serban C. Moldoveanu. (2023) Identification and Quantitation of Nicotine Polacrilex in Nicotine Pouches and Other Oral Nicotine Delivery Products. Contributions to Tobacco & Nicotine Research 32:2, pages 43-49.
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Susanne Back, Anna E. Masser, Lars E. Rutqvist & Johan Lindholm. (2023) Harmful and potentially harmful constituents (HPHCs) in two novel nicotine pouch products in comparison with regular smokeless tobacco products and pharmaceutical nicotine replacement therapy products (NRTs). BMC Chemistry 17:1.
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Pamela M Ling, Mary Hrywna, Eugene M Talbot & M Jane Lewis. (2023) Tobacco-Derived Nicotine Pouch Brands and Marketing Messages on Internet and Traditional Media: Content Analysis. JMIR Formative Research 7, pages e39146.
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Dongxia Ye & Irfan Rahman. (2023) Emerging Oral Nicotine Products and Periodontal Diseases. International Journal of Dentistry 2023, pages 1-7.
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Lindsey S. Sparrock, Lilianna Phan, Julia Chen-Sankey, Kiana Hacker, Aniruddh Ajith, Bambi Jewett & Kelvin Choi. (2023) Nicotine Pouch: Awareness, Beliefs, Use, and Susceptibility among Current Tobacco Users in the United States, 2021. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20:3, pages 2050.
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Karl Fagerström. (2022) Can alternative nicotine products put the final nail in the smoking coffin?. Harm Reduction Journal 19:1.
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Peter N. Lee, John S. Fry & Tryggve Ljung. (2022) Estimating the public health impact had tobacco-free nicotine pouches been introduced into the US in 2000. BMC Public Health 22:1.
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Sadiya Shaikh, Wai Tung, Cortney Pang, Joseph Lucas, Dongmei Li & Irfan Rahman. (2022) Flavor Classification/Categorization and Differential Toxicity of Oral Nicotine Pouches (ONPs) in Oral Gingival Epithelial Cells and Bronchial Epithelial Cells. Toxics 10:11, pages 660.
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David Azzopardi, Linsey Ellen Haswell, Justin Frosina, Michael McEwan, Nathan Gale, Jesse Thissen, Filimon Meichanetzidis & George Hardie. (2022) Biomarkers of Exposure and Potential Harm in Exclusive Users of Nicotine Pouches and Current, Former, and Never Smokers: Protocol for a Cross-sectional Clinical Study. JMIR Research Protocols 11:10, pages e39785.
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Fiona Chapman, Simon McDermott, Kathryn Rudd, Victoria Taverner, Matthew Stevenson, Nveed Chaudhary, Kerstin Reichmann, Joseph Thompson, Thomas Nahde & Grant O’Connell. (2022) A randomised, open-label, cross-over clinical study to evaluate the pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic and safety and tolerability profiles of tobacco-free oral nicotine pouches relative to cigarettes. Psychopharmacology 239:9, pages 2931-2943.
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Chris Campbell, Michael Feehan, Claudia Kanitscheider, Patrudu S Makena, Jenny Cai & Sarah A Baxter. (2022) Designing Studies to Inform Tobacco Harm Reduction: Learnings From an Oral Nicotine Pouch Actual Use Pilot Study. JMIR Formative Research 6:8, pages e37573.
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Sintija Miluna, Ricards Melderis, Loreta Briuka, Ingus Skadins, Renars Broks, Juta Kroica & Dagnija Rostoka. (2022) The Correlation of Swedish Snus, Nicotine Pouches and Other Tobacco Products with Oral Mucosal Health and Salivary Biomarkers. Dentistry Journal 10:8, pages 154.
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Marianna Gaca, Justine Williamson, Helena Digard, Louise Adams, Lauren Hawkridge & Christopher Proctor. (2022) Bridging: Accelerating Regulatory Acceptance of Reduced-Risk Tobacco and Nicotine Products. Nicotine & Tobacco Research 24:9, pages 1371-1378.
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Yihan Shao, Jonathan Zou, Zidian Xie, Rachel Grana Mayne, Deborah J Ossip, Irfan Rahman, Scott McIntosh & Dongmei Li. (2022) Perceptions of Oral Nicotine Pouches on Reddit: Observational Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research 24:7, pages e37071.
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David Azzopardi, James Ebajemito, Michael McEwan, Oscar M. Camacho, Jesse Thissen, George Hardie, Richard Voisine, Gavin Mullard, Zvi Cohen & James Murphy. (2022) A randomised study to assess the nicotine pharmacokinetics of an oral nicotine pouch and two nicotine replacement therapy products. Scientific Reports 12:1.
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Joseph J. Jablonski, Andrew G. Cheetham & Alexandra M. Martin. (2022) Market Survey of Modern Oral Nicotine Products: Determination of Select HPHCs and Comparison to Traditional Smokeless Tobacco Products. Separations 9:3, pages 65.
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Fan Yu, Kathryn Rudd, Sarah Jean PourEdgar Trelles StickenOle DethloffRoman WieczorekThomas Nahde, Liam SimmsFiona ChapmanLukasz CzekalaMatthew Stevenson & Grant O'Connell. (2022) Preclinical Assessment of Tobacco-Free Nicotine Pouches Demonstrates Reduced In Vitro Toxicity Compared with Tobacco Snus and Combustible Cigarette Smoke . Applied In Vitro Toxicology 8:1, pages 24-35.
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Michael McEwan, David Azzopardi, Nathan Gale, Oscar M. Camacho, George Hardie, Ian M. Fearon & James Murphy. (2021) A Randomised Study to Investigate the Nicotine Pharmacokinetics of Oral Nicotine Pouches and a Combustible Cigarette. European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 47:2, pages 211-221.
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Erin A. Vogel, Jessica L. Barrington-Trimis, Afton Kechter, Alayna P. Tackett, Fei Liu, Steve Sussman, Caryn Lerman, Jennifer B. Unger, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Benjamin W. Chaffee & Adam M. Leventhal. (2022) Differences in Young Adults’ Perceptions of and Willingness to Use Nicotine Pouches by Tobacco Use Status. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:5, pages 2685.
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Matthias M. Knopp, Nikolai K. Kiil-Nielsen, Anna E. Masser & Mikael Staaf. (2022) Introducing a Novel Biorelevant In Vitro Dissolution Method for the Assessment of Nicotine Release from Oral Tobacco-Derived Nicotine (OTDN) and Snus Products. Separations 9:2, pages 52.
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Jacqueline Miller-Holt, Irene Baskerville-Abraham, Masanori Sakimura, Toshiro Fukushima, Andrea Puglisi & Jeremie Gafner. (2022) In vitro evaluation of mutagenic, cytotoxic, genotoxic and oral irritation potential of nicotine pouch products. Toxicology Reports 9, pages 1316-1324.
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Kamila Zvolská. (2021) Nicotine pouches - a medicine from tobacco shops?. Hygiena 66:4, pages 137-140.
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Rachel Murkett, Megyn Rugh & Belinda Ding. (2022) Nicotine products relative risk assessment: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. F1000Research 9, pages 1225.
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