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Journal of Sports Sciences Volume 24, 2006 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Leg muscle recruitment in highly trained cyclists

Andrew R. Chapman Division of Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; Department of Physical Therapies, Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce, ACT, AustraliaCorrespondence[email protected]
,
Bill Vicenzino Division of Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
,
Peter Blanch Department of Physical Therapies, Australian Institute of Sport, Bruce, ACT, Australia
,
Joanna J. Knox Division of Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
&
Paul W. Hodges Division of Physiotherapy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
Pages 115-124 | Accepted 21 Mar 2005, Published online: 18 Feb 2007

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Nils Jongerius, Barney Wainwright, Jonathan Wheat & Athanassios Bissas. (2021) Prevalence and functional implications of Soleus and Tibialis anterior activation strategies during cycling. Journal of Sports Sciences 39:21, pages 2485-2492.
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Nick Ball & JoannaC. Scurr. (2011) Efficacy of current and novel electromyographic normalization methods for lower limb high-speed muscle actions. European Journal of Sport Science 11:6, pages 447-456.
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Jason Bonacci, Peter Blanch, AndrewR. Chapman & Bill Vicenzino. (2010) Altered movement patterns but not muscle recruitment in moderately trained triathletes during running after cycling. Journal of Sports Sciences 28:13, pages 1477-1487.
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AndrewR. Chapman, Bill Vicenzino, PaulW. Hodges, Peter Blanch, AllanG. Hahn & TheodoreE. Milner. (2009) A protocol for measuring the direct effect of cycling on neuromuscular control of running in triathletes. Journal of Sports Sciences 27:7, pages 767-782.
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Articles from other publishers (44)

Quentin A. Archuleta, Gary McIlvain, Steven Leigh & Mark K. Timmons. (2024) Lower leg muscle activation during the ebbets foot drills. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 39, pages 279-284.
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Fangbo Bing, Guoxin Zhang, Yan Wang & Ming Zhang. (2024) Effects of workload and saddle height on muscle activation of the lower limb during cycling. BioMedical Engineering OnLine 23:1.
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Johanna B. Liljedahl, Anton Arndt, Carla F. Nooijen & Anna Bjerkefors. (2023) Isometric, Dynamic, and Manual Muscle Strength Measures and Their Association With Cycling Performance in Elite Paracyclists. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 102:5, pages 461-467.
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Evy Meinders, Claudio Pizzolato, Basilio A. M. Goncalves, David G. Lloyd, David J. Saxby & Laura E. Diamond. (2022) The Deep Hip Muscles are Unlikely to Stabilize the Hip in the Sagittal Plane During Walking: A Joint Stiffness Approach. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 69:3, pages 1133-1140.
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Brodie J. Hand, George M. Opie, Simranjit K. Sidhu & John G. Semmler. (2021) Motor cortex plasticity and visuomotor skill learning in upper and lower limbs of endurance-trained cyclists. European Journal of Applied Physiology 122:1, pages 169-184.
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Zhaoxin Shen, Lei Li & Xiangyu Zhao. (2021) Research on Lower Limb Motion Characteristics of Oblique Stride on “Euro Step” Layup Based on Intelligent Motion Capture System. Research on Lower Limb Motion Characteristics of Oblique Stride on “Euro Step” Layup Based on Intelligent Motion Capture System.
Nicolas A. Turpin & Bruno Watier. (2020) Cycling Biomechanics and Its Relationship to Performance. Applied Sciences 10:12, pages 4112.
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C Ganderton, R Kinsella, L Watson & T Pizzari. (2019) Getting more from standard rotator cuff strengthening exercises. Shoulder & Elbow 12:3, pages 203-211.
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Justin Crow, Adam Semciw, Jamon Couch & Tania Pizzari. (2020) Does a recent hamstring muscle injury affect the timing of muscle activation during high speed overground running in professional Australian Football players?. Physical Therapy in Sport 43, pages 188-194.
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Laura E. Diamond, Wolbert van den Hoorn, Kim L. Bennell, Tim V. Wrigley, Rana S. Hinman, John O'Donnell & Paul W. Hodges. (2019) Deep hip muscle activation during squatting in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Clinical Biomechanics 69, pages 141-147.
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Julio Cézar Lima da Silva, Maria M. Ekblom, Olga Tarassova, Eva Andersson, Gustaf Rönquist, Helene Grundström & Anton Arndt. (2018) Effect of increasing workload on knee extensor and flexor muscular activity during cycling as measured with intramuscular electromyography. PLOS ONE 13:8, pages e0201014.
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Laura E. Diamond, Wolbert Van den Hoorn, Kim L. Bennell, Tim V. Wrigley, Rana S. Hinman, John O'Donnell & Paul W. Hodges. (2016) Coordination of deep hip muscle activity is altered in symptomatic femoroacetabular impingement. Journal of Orthopaedic Research 35:7, pages 1494-1504.
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Jasper Verheul, Adam C. Clansey & Mark J. Lake. (2017) Adjustments with running speed reveal neuromuscular adaptations during landing associated with high mileage running training. Journal of Applied Physiology 122:3, pages 653-665.
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Julio Cézar Lima da Silva, O. Tarassova, M. M. Ekblom, E. Andersson, G. Rönquist & A. Arndt. (2016) Quadriceps and hamstring muscle activity during cycling as measured with intramuscular electromyography. European Journal of Applied Physiology 116:9, pages 1807-1817.
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M. A. Johnson, G. R. Sharpe, N. C. Williams & R. Hannah. (2015) Locomotor muscle fatigue is not critically regulated after prior upper body exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology 119:7, pages 840-850.
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Adam I. Semciw, Rachel Neate & Tania Pizzari. (2014) A comparison of surface and fine wire EMG recordings of gluteus medius during selected maximum isometric voluntary contractions of the hip. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 24:6, pages 835-840.
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James Wickham, Tania Pizzari, Simon Balster, Charlotte Ganderton & Lyn Watson. (2014) The variable roles of the upper and lower subscapularis during shoulder motion. Clinical Biomechanics 29:8, pages 885-891.
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Brad Pendleton Dieter, Craig P. McGowan, Sharon K. Stoll & Chantal A. Vella. (2014) Muscle Activation Patterns and Patellofemoral Pain in Cyclists. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 46:4, pages 753-761.
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Tania Pizzari, James Wickham, Simon Balster, Charlotte Ganderton & Lyn Watson. (2014) Modifying a shrug exercise can facilitate the upward rotator muscles of the scapula. Clinical Biomechanics 29:2, pages 201-205.
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Nick Ball & Joanna Scurr. (2013) Electromyography Normalization Methods for High-Velocity Muscle Actions: Review and Recommendations. Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29:5, pages 600-608.
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Adam I. Semciw, Tania Pizzari, George S. Murley & Rodney A. Green. (2013) Gluteus medius: An intramuscular EMG investigation of anterior, middle and posterior segments during gait. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 23:4, pages 858-864.
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Ruth Barn, Deborah E. Turner, Daniel Rafferty, Roger D. Sturrock & James Woodburn. (2013) Tibialis Posterior Tenosynovitis and Associated Pes Plano Valgus in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Electromyography, Multisegment Foot Kinematics, and Ultrasound Features. Arthritis Care & Research 65:4, pages 495-502.
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A.I. Semciw, R.A. Green, T. Pizzari & C. Briggs. (2012) Verification of a standardized method for inserting intramuscular EMG electrodes into uniquely oriented segments of gluteus minimus and gluteus medius. Clinical Anatomy 26:2, pages 244-252.
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S.A. Jobson, J. Hopker, M. Arkesteijn & L. Passfield. (2013) Inter- and intra-session reliability of muscle activity patterns during cycling. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 23:1, pages 230-237.
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Ruth Barn, Daniel Rafferty, Deborah E. Turner & James Woodburn. (2012) Reliability study of tibialis posterior and selected leg muscle EMG and multi-segment foot kinematics in rheumatoid arthritis associated pes planovalgus. Gait & Posture 36:3, pages 567-571.
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Kathryn Mills, Peter Blanch & Bill Vicenzino. (2012) Comfort and midfoot mobility rather than orthosis hardness or contouring influence their immediate effects on lower limb function in patients with anterior knee pain. Clinical Biomechanics 27:2, pages 202-208.
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Jason Bonacci, Daniel Green, Philo U. Saunders, Melinda Franettovich, Peter Blanch & Bill Vicenzino. (2011) Plyometric training as an intervention to correct altered neuromotor control during running after cycling in triathletes: A preliminary randomised controlled trial. Physical Therapy in Sport 12:1, pages 15-21.
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David McGhie & Gertjan Ettema. (2011) The effect of cadence on timing of muscle activation and mechanical output in cycling: On the activation dynamics hypothesis. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 21:1, pages 18-24.
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Danielle L. Waite, Rebecca L. Brookham & Clark R. Dickerson. (2010) On the suitability of using surface electrode placements to estimate muscle activity of the rotator cuff as recorded by intramuscular electrodes. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 20:5, pages 903-911.
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Jason Bonacci, Daniel Green, Philo U. Saunders, Peter Blanch, Melinda Franettovich, Andrew R. Chapman & Bill Vicenzino. (2010) Change in running kinematics after cycling are related to alterations in running economy in triathletes. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 13:4, pages 460-464.
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ANDREW R. CHAPMAN, PAUL W. HODGES, ANDREW M. BRIGGS, PAUL J. STAPLEY & BILL VICENZINO. (2010) Neuromuscular Control and Exercise-Related Leg Pain in Triathletes. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 42:2, pages 233-243.
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Andrew R. Chapman, Bill Vicenzino, Peter Blanch, Joanna J. Knox & Paul W. Hodges. (2010) Intramuscular fine-wire electromyography during cycling: Repeatability, normalisation and a comparison to surface electromyography. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 20:1, pages 108-117.
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N. Ball & J. Scurr. (2010) An assessment of the reliability and standardisation of tests used to elicit reference muscular actions for electromyographical normalisation. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 20:1, pages 81-88.
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Melinda Franettovich, Andrew R Chapman, Peter Blanch & Bill Vicenzino. (2010) Augmented low‐Dye tape alters foot mobility and neuromotor control of gait in individuals with and without exercise related leg pain. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research 3:1.
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David J. Sanderson & Annita T. Amoroso. (2009) The influence of seat height on the mechanical function of the triceps surae muscles during steady-rate cycling. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 19:6, pages e465-e471.
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Andrew R. Chapman & Bill Vicenzino. (2009) Author's response. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 12:4, pages e4-e5.
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François Hug & Sylvain Dorel. (2009) Electromyographic analysis of pedaling: A review. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 19:2, pages 182-198.
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George S. Murley, Andrew K. Buldt, Philip J. Trump & James B. Wickham. (2009) Tibialis posterior EMG activity during barefoot walking in people with neutral foot posture. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 19:2, pages e69-e77.
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Andrew R. Chapman, Bill Vicenzino, Peter Blanch, Joanna J. Knox, Steve Dowlan & Paul W. Hodges. (2008) The influence of body position on leg kinematics and muscle recruitment during cycling. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 11:6, pages 519-526.
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Andrew R. Chapman, Bill Vicenzino, Peter Blanch, Steve Dowlan & Paul W. Hodges. (2008) Does cycling effect motor coordination of the leg during running in elite triathletes?. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 11:4, pages 371-380.
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Andrew R. Chapman, Bill Vicenzino, Peter Blanch & Paul W. Hodges. (2008) Patterns of leg muscle recruitment vary between novice and highly trained cyclists. Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology 18:3, pages 359-371.
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MELINDA FRANETTOVICH, ANDREW CHAPMAN & BILL VICENZINO. (2008) Tape That Increases Medial Longitudinal Arch Height Also Reduces Leg Muscle Activity. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 40:4, pages 593-600.
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ANDREW ROBERT CHAPMAN, BILL VICENZINO, PETER BLANCH & PAUL W. HODGES. (2008) Is Running Less Skilled in Triathletes Than Runners Matched for Running Training History?. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 40:3, pages 557-565.
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Andrew R. Chapman, Bill Vicenzino, Peter Blanch & Paul W. Hodges. (2007) Leg muscle recruitment during cycling is less developed in triathletes than cyclists despite matched cycling training loads. Experimental Brain Research 181:3, pages 503-518.
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