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Journal of Sports Sciences Volume 9, 1991 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

The influence of cadence and power output on the biomechanics of force application during steady‐rate cycling in competitive and recreational cyclists

David J. Sanderson Biomechanics Laboratory, School of Physical Education, University of British Columbia, 210–6081 University Boulevard, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
Pages 191-203 | Accepted 19 Jul 1990, Published online: 14 Nov 2007

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Adam Runacres, Kelly A Mackintosh & Melitta A McNarry. (2023) Investigating the kinetics of repeated sprint ability in national level adolescent hockey players. Journal of Sports Sciences 41:4, pages 391-398.
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Nils Jongerius, Barney Wainwright, Jonathan Wheat & Athanassios Bissas. (2021) Prevalence and functional implications of Soleus and Tibialis anterior activation strategies during cycling. Journal of Sports Sciences 39:21, pages 2485-2492.
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Ventura Ferrer-Roca, Víctor Rivero-Palomo, Ana Ogueta-Alday, José A. Rodríguez-Marroyo & Juan García-López. (2017) Acute effects of small changes in crank length on gross efficiency and pedalling technique during submaximal cycling. Journal of Sports Sciences 35:14, pages 1328-1335.
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Juan García-López, Sergio Díez-Leal, Ana Ogueta-Alday, Josu Larrazabal & José A. Rodríguez-Marroyo. (2016) Differences in pedalling technique between road cyclists of different competitive levels. Journal of Sports Sciences 34:17, pages 1619-1626.
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Ting Liu & JodyL. Jensen. (2012) Age-Related Differences in Bilateral Asymmetry in Cycling Performance. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 83:1, pages 114-119.
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FelipeP. Carpes, Fernando Diefenthaeler, RodrigoR. Bini, DarrenJ. Stefanyshyn, IrvinE. Faria & CarlosB. Mota. (2011) Influence of leg preference on bilateral muscle activation during cycling. Journal of Sports Sciences 29:2, pages 151-159.
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Les Ansley & Patrick Cangley. (2009) Determinants of “optimal” cadence during cycling. European Journal of Sport Science 9:2, pages 61-85.
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CLÁUDIA TARRAGÔ CANDOTTI, JERRI RIBEIRO, DENISE PASCHOAL SOARES, ÁLVARO REISCHAK DE OLIVEIRA, JEFFERSON FAGUNDES LOSS & ANTÔNIO CARLOS S. GUIMARÃES. (2007) Effective force and economy of triathletes and cyclists. Sports Biomechanics 6:1, pages 31-43.
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S. Moussay, N. Bessot, A. Gauthier, J. Larue, B. Sesboüe & D. Davenne. (2003) Diurnal Variations in Cycling Kinematics. Chronobiology International 20:5, pages 879-892.
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Katharina Kerschan-Schindl, Michael Quittan, Karl Ludwig Resch & Veronika Fialka-Moser. (2000) Importance of Cadence in Bicycle Ergometer Training: A Review. Physical Therapy Reviews 5:4, pages 215-225.
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DavidJ. Sanderson, EwaldM. Hennig & AlecH. Black. (2000) The influence of cadence and power output on force application and in-shoe pressure distribution during cycling by competitive and recreational cyclists. Journal of Sports Sciences 18:3, pages 173-181.
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Mohd Azrin Mohd Said, Khairunnisa Zainuddin & Nor Kamaliana Khamis. (2022) Preliminary Study of Postural Safety and Ergonomics Analysis Related to Cycling Activity. Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, pages 27-33.
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Raffy Dotan. (2022) A critical review of critical power. European Journal of Applied Physiology 122:7, pages 1559-1588.
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Sangsoo Park, Brian R. Umberger & Graham E. Caldwell. (2022) A muscle control strategy to alter pedal force direction under multiple constraints: A simulation study. Journal of Biomechanics 138, pages 111114.
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N. Jongerius, B. Wainwright, J. Walker & A. Bissas. (2022) The biomechanics of maintaining effective force application across cycling positions. Journal of Biomechanics 138, pages 111103.
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Sangsoo Park, Richard Van Emmerik & Graham E. Caldwell. (2021) Changes in Muscle Control After Learning to Direct Pedal Forces in One-Legged Pedaling. Journal of Motor Learning and Development 9:2, pages 153-171.
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S. Devys, D. Bertin & G. Rao. (2019) Does changing the bike frame influence pedal force pattern in mountain bike cyclists?. Science & Sports 34:5, pages e279-e287.
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Sean J. Maloney. (2019) The Relationship Between Asymmetry and Athletic Performance: A Critical Review. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 33:9, pages 2579-2593.
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Sylvain Dorel. 2018. Biomechanics of Training and Testing. Biomechanics of Training and Testing 33 62 .
David T. Kell & Beau K. Greer. (2017) Use of the Wattbike Cycle Ergometer for Attenuation of Bilateral Pedaling Asymmetry in Trained Cyclists. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 31:2, pages 468-473.
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Alexandre Balbinot, Cleiton Milani & Jussan Nascimento. (2014) A New Crank Arm-Based Load Cell for the 3D Analysis of the Force Applied by a Cyclist. Sensors 14:12, pages 22921-22939.
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Rodrigo R. Bini & Patria A. Hume. (2014) Assessment of Bilateral Asymmetry in Cycling Using a Commercial Instrumented Crank System and Instrumented Pedals. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 9:5, pages 876-881.
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Tarak Driss & Henry Vandewalle. (2013) The Measurement of Maximal (Anaerobic) Power Output on a Cycle Ergometer: A Critical Review. BioMed Research International 2013, pages 1-40.
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G. Mornieux & B. Stapelfeldt. (2011) Modification de la technique de pédalage après un entraînement basé sur le feedback des forces appliquées sur les pédales. Science & Motricité:76, pages 59-65.
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J. M. Wakeling, O. M. Blake & H. K. Chan. (2010) Muscle coordination is key to the power output and mechanical efficiency of limb movements. Journal of Experimental Biology 213:3, pages 487-492.
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