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Original Articles

Test of performance strategies: Development and preliminary validation of a comprehensive measure of athletes' psychological skills

Pages 697-711 | Published online: 01 Dec 2010

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (35)

Julianna Zilli, Hayes Bennett, Jim Mensch & Eva Monsma. (2023) The propensity of psychological strategies used by collegiate soccer players at risk for anxiety and depression. Journal for the Study of Sports and Athletes in Education 17:3, pages 236-254.
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Andrew P. Friesen, Andrew M. Lane, Tracey J. Devonport, Christopher N. Sellars, Damian N. Stanley & Christopher J. Beedie. (2013) Emotion in sport: considering interpersonal regulation strategies. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology 6:1, pages 139-154.
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Ross Roberts, Tim Woodman, Lew Hardy, Louise Davis & HarryM. Wallace. (2013) Psychological Skills Do Not Always Help Performance: The Moderating Role of Narcissism. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 25:3, pages 316-325.
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Tim Woodman, Nikos Zourbanos, Lew Hardy, Stuart Beattie & Andrew McQuillan. (2010) Do Performance Strategies Moderate the Relationship Between Personality and Training Behaviors? An Exploratory Study. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 22:2, pages 183-197.
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Bert Hayslip$suffix/text()$suffix/text(), TrentA. Petrie, MaeM. MacIntire & GretchenM. Jones. (2010) The Influences of Skill Level, Anxiety, and Psychological Skills Use on Amateur Golfers’ Performances. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 22:2, pages 123-133.
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Lee Crust & Kayvon Azadi. (2010) Mental toughness and athletes' use of psychological strategies. European Journal of Sport Science 10:1, pages 43-51.
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Daniel Gould & Ian Maynard. (2009) Psychological preparation for the Olympic Games. Journal of Sports Sciences 27:13, pages 1393-1408.
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CraigR. Hall, KristaJ. Munroe-Chandler, Jennifer Cumming, Barbi Law, Richard Ramsey & Lisa Murphy. (2009) Imagery and observational learning use and their relationship to sport confidence. Journal of Sports Sciences 27:4, pages 327-337.
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RichardC. Thelwell, IainA. Greenlees & NeilJ. V. Weston. (2009) The influence of game location and level of experience on psychological skill usage. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 7:2, pages 203-211.
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Ross Wadey & Sheldon Hanton. (2008) Basic Psychological Skills Usage and Competitive Anxiety Responses. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 79:3, pages 363-373.
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MarcusK. Taylor, Daniel Gould & Cristina Rolo. (2008) Performance strategies of US Olympians in practice and competition. High Ability Studies 19:1, pages 19-36.
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Bernie Holliday, Damon Burton, Greg Sun, Jon Hammermeister, Sarah Naylor & Dan Freigang. (2008) Building the Better Mental Training Mousetrap: Is Periodization a More Systematic Approach to Promoting Performance Excellence?. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 20:2, pages 199-219.
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A. Mark Williams, Lew Hardy & Nanette Mutrie. (2008) Twenty-five years of psychology in the Journal of Sports Sciences: A historical overview. Journal of Sports Sciences 26:4, pages 401-412.
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Yannis Theodorakis, Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis & Stiliani Chroni. (2008) Self-Talk: It Works, but How? Development and Preliminary Validation of the Functions of Self-Talk Questionnaire. Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science 12:1, pages 10-30.
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Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis, Nikos Zourbanos & Yannis Theodorakis. (2007) The Moderating Effects of Self-Talk Content on Self-Talk Functions. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 19:2, pages 240-251.
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Antonis Hatzigeorgiadis. (2006) Approach and avoidance coping during task performance in young men: The role of goal attainment expectancies. Journal of Sports Sciences 24:3, pages 299-307.
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James Hardy, Craig R Hall & Lew Hardy. (2005) Quantifying athlete self-talk. Journal of Sports Sciences 23:9, pages 905-917.
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CHRIS HARWOOD, JENNIFER CUMMING & DAVID FLETCHER. (2004) Motivational Profiles and Psychological Skills Use within Elite Youth Sport. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 16:4, pages 318-332.
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Andrew M Lane, Chris Harwood, Peter C Terry & Costas I Karageorghis. (2004) Confirmatory factor analysis of the Test of Performance Strategies (TOPS) among adolescent athletes. Journal of Sports Sciences 22:9, pages 803-812.
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Claire Calmels, Fabienne d'Arripe‐Longueville, JeanF. Fournier & Amélie Soulard. (2003) Competitive strategies among elite female gymnasts: An exploration of the relative influence of psychological skills training and natural learning experiences. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 1:4, pages 327-352.
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