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Original Articles

The University of Toronto Continuous Flow Diffusion Chamber (UT-CFDC): A Simple Design for Ice Nucleation Studies

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Pages 730-738 | Received 02 Oct 2008, Accepted 10 Mar 2009, Published online: 23 Apr 2009

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

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Andrew Glen & Sarah D. Brooks. (2014) Single Particle Measurements of the Optical Properties of Small Ice Crystals and Heterogeneous Ice Nuclei. Aerosol Science and Technology 48:11, pages 1123-1132.
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Kunfeng Gao, Franz Friebel, Chong-Wen Zhou & Zamin A. Kanji. (2022) Enhanced soot particle ice nucleation ability induced by aggregate compaction and densification. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22:7, pages 4985-5016.
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Fabian Mahrt, Kevin Kilchhofer, Claudia Marcolli, Philippe Grönquist, Robert O. David, Michael Rösch, Ulrike Lohmann & Zamin A. Kanji. (2020) The Impact of Cloud Processing on the Ice Nucleation Abilities of Soot Particles at Cirrus Temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 125:3.
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Zamin A. Kanji, Ryan C. Sullivan, Monika Niemand, Paul J. DeMott, Anthony J. Prenni, Cédric Chou, Harald Saathoff & Ottmar Möhler. (2019) Heterogeneous ice nucleation properties of natural desert dust particles coated with a surrogate of secondary organic aerosol. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19:7, pages 5091-5110.
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Daniel J. Cziczo, Luis Ladino, Yvonne Boose, Zamin A. Kanji, Piotr Kupiszewski, Sara Lance, Stephan Mertes & Heike Wex. (2017) Measurements of Ice Nucleating Particles and Ice Residuals. Meteorological Monographs 58, pages 8.1-8.13.
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Monika Kohn, Ulrike Lohmann, André Welti & Zamin A. Kanji. (2016) Immersion mode ice nucleation measurements with the new Portable Immersion Mode Cooling chAmber (PIMCA). Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 121:9, pages 4713-4733.
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N. Hiranuma, S. Augustin-Bauditz, H. Bingemer, C. Budke, J. Curtius, A. Danielczok, K. Diehl, K. Dreischmeier, M. Ebert, F. Frank, N. Hoffmann, K. Kandler, A. Kiselev, T. Koop, T. Leisner, O. Möhler, B. Nillius, A. Peckhaus, D. Rose, S. Weinbruch, H. Wex, Y. Boose, P. J. DeMott, J. D. Hader, T. C. J. Hill, Z. A. Kanji, G. Kulkarni, E. J. T. Levin, C. S. McCluskey, M. Murakami, B. J. Murray, D. Niedermeier, M. D. Petters, D. O'Sullivan, A. Saito, G. P. Schill, T. Tajiri, M. A. Tolbert, A. Welti, T. F. Whale, T. P. Wright & K. Yamashita. (2015) A comprehensive laboratory study on the immersion freezing behavior of illite NX particles: a comparison of 17 ice nucleation measurement techniques. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15:5, pages 2489-2518.
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L. A. Ladino, S. Zhou, J. D. Yakobi‐Hancock, D. Aljawhary & J. P. D. Abbatt. (2014) Factors controlling the ice nucleating abilities of α ‐pinene SOA particles . Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 119:14, pages 9041-9051.
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C. Marcolli. (2014) Deposition nucleation viewed as homogeneous or immersion freezing in pores and cavities. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14:4, pages 2071-2104.
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J. D. Yakobi-Hancock, L. A. Ladino & J. P. D. Abbatt. (2013) Feldspar minerals as efficient deposition ice nuclei. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13:22, pages 11175-11185.
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L. A. Ladino Moreno, O. Stetzer & U. Lohmann. (2013) Contact freezing: a review of experimental studies. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13:19, pages 9745-9769.
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Timothy P. Wright, Markus D. Petters, John D. Hader, Travis Morton & Amara L. Holder. (2013) Minimal cooling rate dependence of ice nuclei activity in the immersion mode. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118:18.
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Daniel J. Cziczo, Sarvesh Garimella, Michael Raddatz, Kristina Hoehler, Martin Schnaiter, Harald Saathoff, Ottmar Moehler, Jonathan P. D. Abbatt & Luis A. Ladino. (2013) Ice nucleation by surrogates of Martian mineral dust: What can we learn about Mars without leaving Earth?. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 118:9, pages 1945-1954.
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Timothy P. Wright & Markus D. Petters. (2013) The role of time in heterogeneous freezing nucleation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118:9, pages 3731-3743.
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L. A. Ladino & J. P. D. Abbatt. (2013) Laboratory investigation of Martian water ice cloud formation using dust aerosol simulants. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets 118:1, pages 14-25.
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J.C. Corbin, P.J.G. Rehbein, G.J. Evans & J.P.D. Abbatt. (2012) Combustion particles as ice nuclei in an urban environment: Evidence from single-particle mass spectrometry. Atmospheric Environment 51, pages 286-292.
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B. J. Murray, D. O'Sullivan, J. D. Atkinson & M. E. Webb. (2012) Ice nucleation by particles immersed in supercooled cloud droplets. Chemical Society Reviews 41:19, pages 6519.
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H. M. Jones, M. J. Flynn, P. J. DeMott & O. Möhler. (2011) Manchester Ice Nucleus Counter (MINC) measurements from the 2007 International workshop on Comparing Ice nucleation Measuring Systems (ICIS-2007). Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11:1, pages 53-65.
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Z. A. Kanji, P. J. DeMott, O. Möhler & J. P. D. Abbatt. (2011) Results from the University of Toronto continuous flow diffusion chamber at ICIS 2007: instrument intercomparison and ice onsets for different aerosol types. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11:1, pages 31-41.
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Z. A. Kanji & J. P. D. Abbatt. (2009) Ice Nucleation onto Arizona Test Dust at Cirrus Temperatures: Effect of Temperature and Aerosol Size on Onset Relative Humidity. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A 114:2, pages 935-941.
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