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Original Articles

The Setting for the Crack Era: Macro Forces, Micro Consequences (1960–1992)

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Pages 307-321 | Published online: 18 Jan 2012

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Read on this site (23)

Ann M. Cheney, Christine N. Newkirk, Vhuhwavho M. Nekhavhambe, Matthew Baron Rotondi & Alison Hamilton. (2018) Effects of social and spatial contexts on young latinas’ methamphetamine use initiation. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 17:1, pages 32-49.
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Liliane Cambraia Windsor, Eloise Dunlap & Marilyn Armour. (2012) Surviving Oppression under the Rock: The Intersection of New York's Drug, Welfare, and Educational Polices in the Lived Experiences of Low-Income African Americans. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 11:4, pages 339-361.
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Liliane Cambraia Windsor & Vithya Murugan. (2012) From the Individual to the Community: Perspectives About Substance Abuse Services. Journal of Social Work Practice in the Addictions 12:4, pages 412-433.
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Andrew Golub, Eloise Dunlap & Ellen Benoit. (2010) Drug Use and Conflict in Inner-City African-Anterican Relationships in the 2000s. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 42:3, pages 327-337.
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Eloise Dunlap, BruceD. Johnson, JosephA. Kotarba & JenniferL. Fackler. (2010) Macro-Level Social Forces and Micro-Level Consequences: Poverty, Alternate Occupations, and Drug Dealing. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 9:2, pages 115-127.
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Liliane Cambraia Windsor & Eloise Dunlap. (2010) What is Substance Use About? Assumptions in New York's Drug Policies and the Perceptions of African Americans Who are Low-Income and Using Drugs. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 9:1, pages 64-87.
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BruceD. Johnson, Andrew Golub & James McCabe. (2010) The international implications of quality‐of‐life policing as practiced in New York City. Police Practice and Research 11:1, pages 17-29.
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Raminta Daniulaityte, Robert G. Carlson & Harvey A. Siegal. (2007) “Heavy Users,” “Controlled Users,” and “Quitters”: Understanding Patterns of Crack Use Among Women in a Midwestern City. Substance Use & Misuse 42:1, pages 129-152.
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Eloise Dunlap, Gabriele Stiirzenhofecker & Bruce Johnson. (2006) The Elusive Romance of Motherhood. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 5:3, pages 1-27.
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Eloise Dunlap, Gabriele Stürzenhofecker, Harry Sanabria & BruceD. Johnson. (2004) Mothers and Daughters. Journal of Ethnicity in Substance Abuse 3:2, pages 1-23.
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Shiela M. Strauss & Gregory P. Falkin. (2001) SOCIAL SUPPORT SYSTEMS OF WOMEN OFFENDERS WHO USE DRUGS: A FOCUS ON THE MOTHER-DAUGHTER RELATIONSHIP. The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 27:1, pages 65-89.
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RobertG. Carlson, RusselS. Falck & HarveyA. Siegal. (2000) Crack cocaine injection in the Heartland: An ethnographic perspective. Medical Anthropology 18:4, pages 305-323.
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Andrew Lang Golub & Bruce D. Johnson. (1999) Cohort Changes in Illegal Drug Use among Arrestees in Manhattan: From the Heroin Injection Generation to the Blunts Generation. Substance Use & Misuse 34:13, pages 1733-1763.
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Bruce D. Johnson, Eloise Dunlap & Lisa Maher. (1998) Nurturing for Careers in Drug Use and Crime: Conduct Norms for Children and Juveniles in Crack-Using Households. Substance Use & Misuse 33:7, pages 1511-1546.
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Douglas S. Lipton & Bruce D. Johnson. (1998) Smack, Crack, and Score: Two Decades of NIDA-Funded Drugs and Crime Research at NDRI 1974–1994. Substance Use & Misuse 33:9, pages 1779-1815.
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Patricia Morgan & Karen Ann Joe. (1997) Uncharted Terrain. Women & Criminal Justice 8:3, pages 85-109.
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D. M. Gorman & Paul W. Speer. (1997) The Concentration of Liquor Outlets in an Economically Disadvantaged City in the Northeastern United States. Substance Use & Misuse 32:14, pages 2033-2046.
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Howard D. Chilcoat & Christian G. Schütz. (1995) Racial/Ethnic and Age Differences in Crack Use within Neighborhoods. Addiction Research 3:2, pages 103-111.
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Eloise Dunlap, BruceD. Johnson & Ali Manwar. (1994) A successful female crack dealer: Case study of a deviant career. Deviant Behavior 15:1, pages 1-25.
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CarolineJ. Acker. (1993) Stigma or Legitimation? A Historical Examination of the Social Potentials of Addiction Disease Models. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 25:3, pages 193-205.
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Nora D. Volkow. (2021) Addiction should be treated, not penalized. Neuropsychopharmacology 46:12, pages 2048-2050.
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Denton R. Vaughan, Barbara A. Haley & Aref N. Dajani. (2021) Ten years later: Self‐sufficiency of welfare mothers before the Great Recession. Poverty & Public Policy 13:2, pages 184-223.
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Alexis Jemal. (2021) Healing Lives in Community: The Integrated Transformative Potential Intervention Development (InTrePID) Method. Genealogy 5:1, pages 4.
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Bisola O. Ojikutu & Valerie E. Stone. 2021. HIV in US Communities of Color. HIV in US Communities of Color 1 13 .
Liliane Cambraia Windsor, Ellen Benoit, Douglas Smith, Rogério M. Pinto & Kari C. Kugler. (2018) Optimizing a community-engaged multi-level group intervention to reduce substance use: an application of the multiphase optimization strategy. Trials 19:1.
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Alexis Jemal. (2018) Transformative Consciousness of Health Inequities: Oppression Is a Virus and Critical Consciousness Is the Antidote. Journal of Human Rights and Social Work 3:4, pages 202-215.
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Bruno David Henriques, Regina Lunardi Rocha & Amanda Márcia dos Santos Reinaldo. (2016) USE OF CRACK AND OTHER DRUGS AMONG CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FAMILY ENVIRONMENT: AN INTEGRATIVE LITERATURE REVIEW. Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 25:3.
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Liliane Cambraia Windsor. (2013) Using Concept Mapping in Community-Based Participatory Research. Journal of Mixed Methods Research 7:3, pages 274-293.
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Sarah P. Hiller, Jennifer L. Syvertsen, Remedios Lozada & Victoria D. Ojeda. (2013) Social support and recovery among Mexican female sex workers who inject drugs. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 45:1, pages 44-54.
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Malitta Engstrom, Nabila El-Bassel & Louisa Gilbert. (2012) Childhood sexual abuse characteristics, intimate partner violence exposure, and psychological distress among women in methadone treatment. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment 43:3, pages 366-376.
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Liliane Cambraia Windsor, Eloise Dunlap & Andrew Golub. (2010) Challenging Controlling Images, Oppression, Poverty, and Other Structural Constraints: Survival Strategies Among African–American Women in Distressed Households. Journal of African American Studies 15:3, pages 290-306.
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Liliane Cambraia WindsorEllen BenoitEloise Dunlap. (2008) Dimensions of Oppression in the Lives of Impoverished Black Women Who Use Drugs. Journal of Black Studies 41:1, pages 21-39.
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Beth A. Reboussin, John S. Preisser, Eun-Young Song & Mark Wolfson. (2010) Geographic clustering of underage drinking and the influence of community characteristics. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 106:1, pages 38-47.
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Subadra Panchanadeswaran, Nabila El-Bassel, Louisa Gilbert, Elwin Wu & Mingway Chang. (2008) An Examination of the Perceived Social Support Levels of Women in Methadone Maintenance Treatment Programs Who Experience Various Forms of Intimate Partner Violence. Women's Health Issues 18:1, pages 35-43.
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Don C. Des JarlaisZili SlobodaSamuel R. FriedmanBarbara TempalskiCourtney McKnightNaomi Braine. (2006) Diffusion of the D.A.R.E and Syringe Exchange Programs. American Journal of Public Health 96:8, pages 1354-1358.
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Keith V. Bletzer. (2008) Open towns and manipulated indebtedness among agricultural workers in the New South. American Ethnologist 31:4, pages 530-551.
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Eloise Dunlap, Andrew Golub & Bruce D. Johnson. (2013) Transient male-female relationships and the violence they bring to girls in the inner city. Journal of African American Studies 7:2, pages 19-36.
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Jonathan P. Caulkins & Robert MacCoun. (2016) Limited Rationality and the Limits of Supply Reduction. Journal of Drug Issues 33:2, pages 433-464.
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Gregory P Falkin & Shiela M Strauss. (2003) Social supporters and drug use enablers. Addictive Behaviors 28:1, pages 141-155.
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Tanya Telfair Sharpe. (2016) Sex-for-Crack-Cocaine Exchange, Poor Black Women, and Pregnancy. Qualitative Health Research 11:5, pages 612-630.
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Jonathan P. Caulkins, Bruce Johnson, Angela Taylor & Lowell Taylor. (1999) What Drug Dealers Tell Us about Their Costs of Doing Business. Journal of Drug Issues 29:2, pages 323-340.
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HARVEY A. SIEGAL, RUSSEL S. FALCK, ROBERT G. CARLSON, JICHUAN WANG & AHMMED M. RAHMAN. (2016) Health Services Research Among Crack-Cocaine Users. American Behavioral Scientist 41:8, pages 1063-1078.
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D.M. Gorman. (2016) The Irrelevance of Evidence in the Development of School-Based Drug Prevention Policy, 1986-1996. Evaluation Review 22:1, pages 118-146.
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CHARLES P. GALLMEIER & JUDITH A. LEVY. (2016) HOLDING THE CHECK HOSTAGE. Journal of Contemporary Ethnography 26:4, pages 395-425.
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Howard D. Chilcoat & Chris-Ellyn Johnason. 1998. Cocaine Abuse. Cocaine Abuse 313 341 .
Lawrence J. OuelletHenry H. CagleDennis G. Fisher. (2016) “Crack” versus “rock” cocaine: the importance of local nomenclature in drug research and education. Contemporary Drug Problems 24:2, pages 219-237.
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Ronald C. Fudge. (1996) The use of behavior therapy in the development of ethnic consciousness: A treatment model. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 3:2, pages 317-335.
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LISA MAHER, ELOISE DUNLAP, BRUCE D. JOHNSON & ANSLEY HAMID. (2016) Gender, Power, and Alternative Living Arrangements in the Inner-City Crack Culture. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 33:2, pages 181-205.
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D.M. Gorman. (1996) Etiological Theories and the Primary Prevention of Drug Use. Journal of Drug Issues 26:2, pages 505-520.
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Eloise Dunlap & Bruce D. Johnson. (1996) Family and Human Resources in the Development of a Female Crack-Seller Career: Case Study of a Hidden Population. Journal of Drug Issues 26:1, pages 175-198.
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Eloise Dunlap, Bruce D. Johnson & Julia W. Rath. (1996) Aggression and violence in households of crack sellers/abusers. Applied Behavioral Science Review 4:2, pages 191-217.
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Bruce D. Johnson & Mangai Natarajan. (1995) Strategies to avoid arrest: crack sellers’ response to intensified policing. American Journal of Police 14:3/4, pages 49-69.
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Bruce D. Johnson, Andrew Golub & Jeffrey Fagan. (2016) Careers in Crack, Drug Use, Drug Distribution, and Nondrug Criminality. Crime & Delinquency 41:3, pages 275-295.
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JUDITH FREIDENBERG. (2006) Lower Income Urban Enclaves. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 749:1, pages 1-13.
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Marilyn Aguirre-Molina & D. M. Gorman. (1996) The Perth Amboy Community Partnership for Youth: Assessing its Effects at the Environmental and Individual Levels of Analysis. International Quarterly of Community Health Education 15:4, pages 363-378.
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Brian R. Edlin, Kathleen L. Irwin, Sairus Faruque, Clyde B. McCoy, Carl Word, Yolanda Serrano, James A. Inciardi, Benjamin P. Bowser, Robert F. Schilling & Scott D. Holmberg. (1994) Intersecting Epidemics -- Crack Cocaine Use and HIV Infection among Inner-City Young Adults. New England Journal of Medicine 331:21, pages 1422-1427.
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Karen A. Joe. (1994) ?Ice is strong enough for a man but made for a woman?. Crime, Law and Social Change 22:3, pages 269-289.
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A Golub & B D Johnson. (1994) A recent decline in cocaine use among youthful arrestees in Manhattan, 1987 through 1993.. American Journal of Public Health 84:8, pages 1250-1254.
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D M Gorman. (1993) "War on drugs" continues in United States under new leadership.. BMJ 307:6900, pages 369-371.
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