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Original Articles

Integrated control of apple pests in New Zealand 1. Outline of experiment and general results

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Pages 101-134 | Received 14 Aug 1974, Published online: 30 Mar 2010

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Read on this site (34)

C. H. Wearing & J. A. de Boer. (2014) Sampling of San José scale (Diaspidiotus perniciosus Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in an apple orchard. New Zealand Entomologist 37:2, pages 125-140.
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C. H. Wearing & J. A. de Boer. (2014) Mortality of San José scale (Diaspidiotus perniciosus Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on an apple tree. New Zealand Entomologist 37:2, pages 107-124.
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CH Wearing, RR Marshall, C Colhoun & BA Attfield. (2014) Phytophagous mites and their predators during the establishment of apple orchards under biological and integrated fruit production in Central Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 42:2, pages 127-144.
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C. H. Wearing & J. A. de Boer. (2014) Temporal distribution of San José scale Diaspidiotus perniciosus (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) on an apple tree. New Zealand Entomologist 37:1, pages 61-74.
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C. Howard Wearing, Kate Colhoun, Bernie Attfield & RossR. Marshall. (2011) Diversity of natural enemies in Central Otago, New Zealand apple orchards: a practical measure of sustainability in pest management?. Biocontrol Science and Technology 21:11, pages 1273-1296.
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CH Wearing, BA Attfield & K Colhoun. (2010) Biological control of woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), during transition to integrated fruit production for pipfruit in Central Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 38:4, pages 255-273.
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C. Howard Wearing, Kate Colhoun, Bernie Attfield & Ross R. Marshall. (2010) Phenology and management of noctuids attacking apple in Central Otago, New Zealand. New Zealand Entomologist 33:1, pages 55-67.
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P. J. Cameron. (2007) Factors influencing the development of integrated pest management (IPM) in selected vegetable crops: A review. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 35:3, pages 365-384.
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A. C. Eyles & RandallT. Schuh. (2003) Revision of New Zealand Bryocorinae and Phylinae (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae). New Zealand Journal of Zoology 30:3, pages 263-325.
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JohnG. Charles & RosaC. Henderson. (2002) Catalogue of the exotic armoured scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Diaspididae) in New Zealand. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 32:4, pages 587-615.
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M. G. Solomon, J. V. Cross, J. D. Fitzgerald, C. A. M. Campbell, R. L. Jolly, R. W. Olszak, E. Niemczyk & H. Vogt. (2000) Biocontrol of Pests of Apples and Pears in Northern and Central Europe - 3. Predators. Biocontrol Science and Technology 10:2, pages 91-128.
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D. M. Suckling, G. M. Burnip, J. T. S. Walker, P. W. Shaw, G. F. McLaren, C. R. Howard, P. Lo, V. White & J. Fraser. (1998) Abundance of leafrollers and their parasitoids on selected host plants in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 26:3, pages 193-203.
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J. G. Charles, D. J. Allan, C. H. Wearing, G. M. Burnip & P. W. Shaw. (1998) Releases of Hemisarcoptes coccophagus Meyer (Acari: Hemisarcoptidae), a predator of armoured scale insects, in the South Island. New Zealand Entomologist 21:1, pages 93-98.
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J. G. Charles, J. T. S. Walker & V. White. (1996) Leafroller phenology and parasitism in Hawkes Bay, New Zealand, canefruit gardens. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 24:2, pages 123-131.
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D. M. Suckling & P. W. Shaw. (1995) Large‐scale trials of mating disruption of lightbrown apple moth in Nelson, New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 23:2, pages 127-137.
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P. W. Shaw, V. M. Cruickshank & D. M. Suckling. (1994) Geographic changes in leafroller species composition in Nelson orchards. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 21:3, pages 289-294.
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TravisR. Glare, Maureen O'Callaghan & PeterJ. Wigley. (1993) Checklist of naturally occurring entomopathogenic microbes and nematodes in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 20:2, pages 95-120.
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M. G. Solomon & J. D. Fitzgerald. (1993) Orchard selection for resistance to a synthetic pyrethroid in organophosphate—resistant Typhlodromus pyri in the UK. Biocontrol Science and Technology 3:2, pages 127-132.
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R. P. Hide & D. M. Suckling. (1988) Decision analysis of insecticide resistance in light-brown apple moth. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 16:3, pages 219-224.
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DavidA. J. Teulon & DavidR. Penman. (1986) Sticky board sampling of leafhoppers in 3 apple orchards under different management regimes. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 29:2, pages 289-298.
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C. H. Wearing. (1982) Integrated pest management — progress and prospects, with special reference to horticulture. New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture 10:1, pages 87-94.
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C. H. Wearing. (1979) Integrated control of apple pests in New Zealand 10. Population dynamics of codling moth in Nelson. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 6:1, pages 165-199.
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C. H. Wearing & L. Skilling. (1975) Integrated control of apple pests in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2:2, pages 257-263.
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C. H. Wearing & L. Skilling. (1975) Integrated control of apple pests in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2:2, pages 245-255.
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C. H. Wearing. (1975) Integrated control of apple pests in New Zealand. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 2:1, pages 151-168.
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PRISCILA A. RODE, GABRIEL L. BIZARRO, GUILHERME ANDRÉ SPOHR, DANIELE MALMANN, MATHEUS SCHUSSLER & NOELI JUAREZ FERLA. (2023) Mite fauna on apples in southern Brazil - Review and perspectives. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 95:3.
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A.T. Marshall & E.H. Beers. (2022) Exclusion netting affects apple arthropod communities. Biological Control 165, pages 104805.
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Peter L Lo, James T S Walker, C Howard Wearing & Duncan I Hedderley. (2018) Factors Responsible for Changes in Leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Species Composition on Orchards and Vineyards 1974–2015, in Hawke’s Bay, New Zealand. Journal of Economic Entomology 111:6, pages 2755-2763.
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Peter L. Lo, James T.S. Walker, Duncan I. Hedderley & Lyn M. Cole. (2018) Reduction in leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) abundance in orchards and vineyards 1976-2016, in Hawke's Bay, New Zealand. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 20:4, pages 505-513.
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James T.S. WalkerDavid Maxwell Suckling & C. Howard Wearing. (2017) Past, Present, and Future of Integrated Control of Apple Pests: The New Zealand Experience. Annual Review of Entomology 62:1, pages 231-248.
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Christopher H. Wearing. (2016) Distribution Characteristics of Eggs and Neonate Larvae of Codling Moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) . International Journal of Insect Science 8, pages IJIS.S38587.
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C.H. Wearing, R.R. Marshall, B.A. Attfield & K. Colhoun. (2012) Ecology and management of the leafroller (Tortricidae) complex over ten years during establishment of an organic pipfruit orchard in Central Otago, New Zealand. Crop Protection 33, pages 82-93.
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. (2011) 10.1007/BF00366315. CrossRef Listing of Deleted DOIs.
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Lucia G. Varela, James T.S. Walker, Peter L. Lo & David J. Rogers. (2010) New Zealand lessons may aid efforts to control light brown apple moth in California. California Agriculture 64:1, pages 6-12.
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Steven E. Naranjo & Peter C. Ellsworth. (2009) The contribution of conservation biological control to integrated control of Bemisia tabaci in cotton. Biological Control 51:3, pages 458-470.
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S.L. Scarratt, S.D. Wratten & P. Shishehbor. (2008) Measuring parasitoid movement from floral resources in a vineyard. Biological Control 46:2, pages 107-113.
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N. A. Irvin, S. L. Scarratt, S. D. Wratten, C. M. Frampton, R. B. Chapman & J. M. Tylianakis. (2006) The effects of floral understoreys on parasitism of leafrollers (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on apples in New Zealand. Agricultural and Forest Entomology 8:1, pages 25-34.
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D. M. Suckling, A. R. Gibb, G. M. Burnip & N. C. Delury. (2002) Can Parasitoid Sex Pheromones Help in Insect Biocontrol? A Case Study of Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Its Parasitoid Ascogaster quadridentata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) . Environmental Entomology 31:6, pages 947-952.
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A Wheeler. 2000. Heteroptera of Economic Importance. Heteroptera of Economic Importance 657 693 .
D.M Suckling, J.T.S Walker & C.H Wearing. (1999) Ecological impact of three pest management systems in New Zealand apple orchards. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 73:2, pages 129-140.
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M.G. Solomon, M.A. Easterbrook & J.D. Fitzgerald. (1993) Mite-management programmes based on organophosphate-resistant Typhlodromus pyri in UK apple orchards. Crop Protection 12:4, pages 249-254.
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M. G. Solomon. (1992) Exploitation of predators in UK fruit and hop culture. Phytoparasitica 20:S1, pages S51-S56.
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A. J. Hayes & B. H. McArdle. (2018) A laboratory study on the predatory mite Typhlodromus pyri (Acarina: Phytoseiidae): I. The effect of temperature and food consumption on the rate of development of the eggs and immature stages . Population Ecology 29:1, pages 73-83.
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B. A. Croft & K. Strickler. 1983. Pest Resistance to Pesticides. Pest Resistance to Pesticides 669 702 .
B. A. CROFT. (2011) ARTHROPOD RESISTANCE TO INSECTICIDES: A KEY TO PEST CONTROL FAILURES AND SUCCESSES IN NORTH AMERICAN APPLE ORCHARDS. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 31:1, pages 88-110.
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P. W. GEIER. (1981) The light-brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker): 6. Practical evaluation of the life system concept. Austral Ecology 6:1, pages 43-57.
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W. DANTHANARAYANA. (2011) OCCURRENCE OF TRICHOGRAMMA FUNICULATUM , AN EGG PARASITOID OF THE LIGHT BROWN APPLE MOTH, EPIPHYAS POSTVITTANA . Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata 28:3, pages 287-294.
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D.R. Penman, C.H. Wearing, Elsie Collyer & W.P. Thomas. 1979. Recent Advances in Acarology. Recent Advances in Acarology 59 69 .
W. Danthanarayana, D. Farrugia & I. D. Gauld. (2009) Studies On The biology and systematic position of a new species of ichneumonid parasitising the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in Australia . Bulletin of Entomological Research 67:4, pages 607-617.
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B.A. Croft. 1977. Pesticide Management and Insecticide Resistance. Pesticide Management and Insecticide Resistance 377 393 .
L. Brader. 1977. Pesticide Management and Insecticide Resistance. Pesticide Management and Insecticide Resistance 353 376 .
B. A. Croft. (1976) Establishing insecticide-resistant phytoseiid mite predators in deciduous tree fruit orchards. Entomophaga 21:4, pages 383-399.
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