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Original Articles

Ross Ashby's information theory: a bit of history, some solutions to problems, and what we face today

Pages 189-212 | Received 13 Feb 2008, Accepted 24 Aug 2008, Published online: 30 Jan 2009

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Read on this site (6)

Klaus Krippendorff. (2019) My Scholarly Life in Cybernetics. World Futures 75:1-2, pages 69-91.
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Helen Lawton Smith & Loet Leydesdorff. (2014) The Triple Helix in the context of global change: dynamics and challenges. Prometheus 32:4, pages 321-336.
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Balázs Lengyel & Loet Leydesdorff. (2011) Regional Innovation Systems in Hungary: The Failing Synergy at the National Level. Regional Studies 45:5, pages 677-693.
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Klaus Krippendorff. (2009) Information of interactions in complex systems. International Journal of General Systems 38:6, pages 669-680.
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Loet Leydesdorff. (2009) Interaction information: linear and nonlinear interpretations. International Journal of General Systems 38:6, pages 681-685.
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Articles from other publishers (48)

Carlos Vidales. (2023) Pasado y futuro cibernético en la teoría de la comunicación. methaodos revista de ciencias sociales 11:2, pages m231102a02.
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Loet LeydesdorffLoet Leydesdorff. 2021. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Discursive Knowledge. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Discursive Knowledge 135 146 .
Loet LeydesdorffLoet Leydesdorff. 2021. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Discursive Knowledge. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Discursive Knowledge 67 86 .
Loet LeydesdorffLoet Leydesdorff. 2021. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Discursive Knowledge. The Evolutionary Dynamics of Discursive Knowledge 1 35 .
Loet Leydesdorff & Franz Hoegl. (2020) The evolutionary dynamics of expectations: Interactions among codes in inter-human communications. Biosystems 198, pages 104236.
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Andrei Cretu. (2019) Learning the Ashby Box: an experiment in second order cybernetic modeling. Kybernetes 49:8, pages 2073-2090.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Igone Porto-Gomez. (2017) Measuring the expected synergy in Spanish regional and national systems of innovation. The Journal of Technology Transfer 44:1, pages 189-209.
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Ryan G James, Jeffrey Emenheiser & James P Crutchfield. (2019) Unique information via dependency constraints. Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 52:1, pages 014002.
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Loet Leydesdorff, Inga Ivanova & Martin Meyer. 2019. Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators. Springer Handbook of Science and Technology Indicators 421 443 .
Eustache Mêgnigbêto. (2018) Measuring synergy within a Triple Helix innovation system using game theory: cases of some developed and emerging countries. Triple Helix 5:1.
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Loet Leydesdorff, Mark W. Johnson & Inga Ivanova. (2018) Toward a calculus of redundancy: Signification, codification, and anticipation in cultural evolution. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 69:10, pages 1181-1192.
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Ryan G. James, Christopher J. Ellison & James P. Crutchfield. (2018) dit: a Python package for discrete information theory. Journal of Open Source Software 3:25, pages 738.
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Loet Leydesdorff, Alexander M. Petersen & Inga Ivanova. (2017) Self-organization of meaning and the reflexive communication of information. Social Science Information 56:1, pages 4-27.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Wouter de Nooy. (2017) Can “hot spots” in the sciences be mapped using the dynamics of aggregated journal-journal citation Relations?. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 68:1, pages 197-213.
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Alexander M. Petersen, Daniele Rotolo & Loet Leydesdorff. (2016) A triple helix model of medical innovation: Supply, demand, and technological capabilities in terms of Medical Subject Headings. Research Policy 45:3, pages 666-681.
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Donald D. Hoffman, Manish Singh & Chetan Prakash. (2015) Probing the interface theory of perception: Reply to commentaries. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 22:6, pages 1551-1576.
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Loet Leydesdorff, Evgeniy Perevodchikov & Alexander Uvarov. (2014) Measuring triple‐helix synergy in the R ussian innovation systems at regional, provincial, and national levels . Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 66:6, pages 1229-1238.
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Eustache Mêgnigbêto. (2014) Information flow within the West African innovation systems. Triple Helix 1:1.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Han Woo Park. (2014) Can synergy in Triple Helix relations be quantified? A review of the development of the Triple Helix indicator. Triple Helix 1:1.
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Loet Leydesdorff, Mark William Johnson & Inga A. Ivanova. (2014) The communication of expectations and individual understanding. Kybernetes 43:9/10, pages 1362-1371.
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Inga A. Ivanova & Loet Leydesdorff. (2014) A simulation model of the Triple Helix of university–industry–government relations and the decomposition of the redundancy. Scientometrics 99:3, pages 927-948.
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Lars Graening & Bernhard Sendhoff. (2014) Shape mining: A holistic data mining approach for engineering design. Advanced Engineering Informatics 28:2, pages 166-185.
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Loet Leydesdorff, Han Woo Park & Balazs Lengyel. (2013) A routine for measuring synergy in university–industry–government relations: mutual information as a Triple-Helix and Quadruple-Helix indicator. Scientometrics 99:1, pages 27-35.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Ping Zhou. (2013) Measuring the knowledge-based economy of China in terms of synergy among technological, organizational, and geographic attributes of firms. Scientometrics 98:3, pages 1703-1719.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Inga A. Ivanova. (2014) Mutual redundancies in interhuman communication systems: Steps toward a calculus of processing meaning. Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology 65:2, pages 386-399.
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Fred Y. Ye, Susan S. Yu & Loet Leydesdorff. (2013) The Triple Helix of university-industry-government relations at the country level and its dynamic evolution under the pressures of globalization. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 64:11, pages 2317-2325.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Øivind Strand. (2013) The Swedish system of innovation: Regional synergies in a knowledge-based economy. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 64:9, pages 1890-1902.
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Fernando Portela Câmara. (2013) Psiquiatria como ciência da informação [Psiquiatria computacional II]. Debates em Psiquiatria 3:2, pages 38-42.
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Øivind Strand & Loet Leydesdorff. (2013) Where is synergy indicated in the Norwegian innovation system? Triple-Helix relations among technology, organization, and geography. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 80:3, pages 471-484.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Øivind Strand. (2012) Triple-Helix Relations and Potential Synergies Among Technologies, Industries, and Regions in Norway. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 52, pages 1-4.
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Loet Leydesdorff. (2011) ‘Meaning’ as a sociological concept: A review of the modeling, mapping and simulation of the communication of knowledge and meaning. Social Science Information 50:3-4, pages 391-413.
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Loet Leydesdorff. (2011) “Structuration” by intellectual organization: the configuration of knowledge in relations among structural components in networks of science. Scientometrics 88:2, pages 499-520.
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Loet Leydesdorff. (2010) The communication of meaning and the structuration of expectations: Giddens' “structuration theory” and Luhmann's “self-organization”. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 61:10, pages 2138-2150.
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Loet Leydesdorff. (2010) Redundancy in Systems Which Entertain a Model of Themselves: Interaction Information and the Self-Organization of Anticipation. Entropy 12:1, pages 63-79.
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Diana Lucio‐Arias & Loet Leydesdorff. (2009) An indicator of research front activity: Measuring intellectual organization as uncertainty reduction in document sets. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 60:12, pages 2488-2498.
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Diana Lucio-Arias & Loet Leydesdorff. (2009) The dynamics of exchanges and references among scientific texts, and the autopoiesis of discursive knowledge. Journal of Informetrics 3:3, pages 261-271.
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Klaus Krippendorff. 2005. The Semantic Turn. The Semantic Turn 323 334 .
Loet Leydesdorff & Franz Hoegl. (2020) The Evolutionary Dynamics of Expectations: Interactions among Codes in Inter-Human Communications. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Igone Porto Gomez. (2017) Dividedness and the Expected Synergy in a Non-Linear Model of Spanish Regional and National Systems of Innovation. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Loet Leydesdorff, Henry Etzkowitz, Inga Ivanova & Martin S. Meyer. (2017) The Measurement of Synergy in Innovation Systems: Redundancy Generation in a Triple Helix of University-Industry-Government Relations. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Alexander Michael Petersen, Daniele Rotolo & Loet Leydesdorff. (2016) A Triple Helix Model of Medical Innovation: Supply, Demand, and Technological Capabilities in Terms of Medical Subject Headings. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Ballzs Lengyel & Loet Leydesdorff. (2015) The Effects of FDI on Innovation Systems in Hungarian Regions: Where is the Synergy Generated?. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Alexander Michael Petersen, Daniele Rotolo & Loet Leydesdorff. (2015) The Interaction of 'Supply', 'Demand', and 'Technology' in Terms of Medical Subject Headings: A Triple Helix Model of Medical Innovations. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Inga A. Ivanova, ivind Strand & Loet Leydesdorff. (2014) Synergy Cycles in the Norwegian Innovation System: The Relation between Synergy and Cycle Values. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Han Woo Park. (2014) Can Synergy in Triple-Helix Relations Be Quantified? A Review of the Development of the Triple-Helix Indicator. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Loet Leydesdorff, Mark Johnson & Inga A. Ivanova. (2013) The Communication of Expectations and Individual Understanding: Redundancy as Reduction of Uncertainty, and the Processing of Meaning. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Loet Leydesdorff & Petra Ahrweiler. (2013) In Search of a Network Theory of Innovations. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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Balázs Lengyel & Loet Leydesdorff. (2013) Diverse Effects of FDI in Regional Innovation Systems: Synergy Measurement, Complexity Theory, and Entropy Statistics. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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