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Review Articles

The Role of Carnitine and Carnitine Supplementation During Exercise in Man and in Individuals with Special Needs

, MD, PhD & , MD
Pages 207-215 | Received 01 Jan 1998, Accepted 01 Mar 1998, Published online: 07 Jun 2013

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Read on this site (6)

L.W.E. Peters, E. Smiet, M.G.M. de Sain-van der Velden & J.H. van der Kolk. (2015) Acylcarnitine ester utilization by the hindlimb of warmblood horses at rest and following low intensity exercise and carnitine supplementation. Veterinary Quarterly 35:2, pages 76-81.
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L.C. Kranenburg, C.M. Westermann, M.G.M. de Sain-van der Velden, E. de Graaf-Roelfsema, J. Buyse, G.P.J. Janssens, J. van den Broek & J.H. van der Kolk. (2014) The effect of long-term oral L-carnitine administration on insulin sensitivity, glucose disposal, plasma concentrations of leptin and acylcarnitines, and urinary acylcarnitine excretion in warmblood horses. Veterinary Quarterly 34:2, pages 85-91.
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John G. Seifert, Linda M. Shecterle & J. A. St. Cyr. (2010) Supplements for Exercise. Journal of Dietary Supplements 7:4, pages 414-416.
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Patrick L Jacobs, Erica R Goldstein, Will Blackburn, Ihsan Orem & John J Hughes. (2009) Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine produces enhanced anaerobic work capacity with reduced lactate accumulation in resistance trained males. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 6:1.
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Robert Crayhon. (1998) CARNITINE MAY BENEFIT ATHLETES. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 17:6, pages 649-650.
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Gilbert G. Gleim & Beth Glace. (1998) Carnitine as an Ergogenic Aid in Health and Disease. Journal of the American College of Nutrition 17:3, pages 203-204.
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Articles from other publishers (35)

Yasuro Furuichi, Naoko Goto-Inoue, Saki Uchida, Shun Masuda, Yasuko Manabe & Nobuharu L. Fujii. (2023) Stable isotope-labeled carnitine reveals its rapid transport into muscle cells and acetylation during contraction. Heliyon 9:4, pages e15281.
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Victor Kamoen, Robert Vander Stichele, Laurence Campens, Dirk De Bacquer, Luc Van Bortel & Tine LM de Backer. (2021) Propionyl-L-carnitine for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2021:12.
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V. Baskar, B. Lakshmi, K. Ibrahim, T.K. Shabeer & A. Jawahar Ali. (2021) Modeling of ayurveda ghee based solid lipid nano particles and their comprehensive pharmacokinetics study. Materials Today: Proceedings 36, pages 782-788.
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Merve Yaşacan, Açelya Erikçi, Cemil Can Eylem, Samiye Yabanoğlu Çiftçi, Emirhan Nemutlu, Kezban Ulubayram & İpek Eroğlu. (2020) Polymeric Nanoparticle Versus Liposome Formulations: Comparative Physicochemical and Metabolomic Studies as l-Carnitine Delivery Systems. AAPS PharmSciTech 21:8.
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Salvatore Santo Signorelli, Luca Vanella, Nader G. Abraham, Salvatore Scuto, Elisa Marino & Petra Rocic. (2020) Pathophysiology of chronic peripheral ischemia: new perspectives. Therapeutic Advances in Chronic Disease 11, pages 204062231989446.
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Salvatore Benvenga, Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen, Daniela Bonofiglio & Ernest Asamoah. (2019) Nutraceutical Supplements in the Thyroid Setting: Health Benefits beyond Basic Nutrition. Nutrients 11:9, pages 2214.
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Sergei V. Jargin. (2019) Scientific Papers and Patents on Substances with Unproven Effects. Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation 13:1, pages 37-45.
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Fumio Sato, Takaya Omura, Mutsuki Ishimaru, Yoshiro Endo, Harutaka Murase & Eiji Yamashita. (2015) Effects of Daily Astaxanthin and L-Carnitine Supplementation for Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Training Thoroughbred Horses. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science 35:10, pages 836-842.
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Tim N. Ziegenfuss, Jamie Landis, Darryn Willoughby & Mike Greenwood. 2015. Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise. Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise 273 301 .
Giuseppe D’Antona, Seyed Mohammad Nabavi, Piero Micheletti, Arianna Di Lorenzo, Roberto Aquilani, Enzo Nisoli, Mariangela Rondanelli & Maria Daglia. (2014) Creatine, L-Carnitine, and ω 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation from Healthy to Diseased Skeletal Muscle . BioMed Research International 2014, pages 1-16.
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Shabnum NabiShabnum Nabi. 2014. Toxic Effects of Mercury. Toxic Effects of Mercury 29 35 .
Ebru Orsal, Zekai Halici, Yasin Bayir, Elif Cadirci, Habib Bilen, Irmak Ferah, Ali Aydin, Seckin Ozkanlar, Arif Kursad Ayan, Bedri Seven & Seda Ozaltin. (2013) The role of carnitine on ovariectomy and inflammation-induced osteoporosis in rats. Experimental Biology and Medicine 238:12, pages 1406-1412.
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Damon H. May, Sandi L. Navarro, Ingo Ruczinski, Jason Hogan, Yuko Ogata, Yvonne Schwarz, Lisa Levy, Ted Holzman, Martin W. McIntosh & Johanna W. Lampe. (2013) Metabolomic profiling of urine: response to a randomised, controlled feeding study of select fruits and vegetables, and application to an observational study. British Journal of Nutrition 110:10, pages 1760-1770.
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Tine LM de Backer, Laurence Campens, Robert Vander Stichele, Luc Van Bortel & Dirk De Bacquer. (2012) Propionyl-L-carnitine for intermittent claudication. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
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Stuart D. R. Galloway, Thomas P. Craig & Stephen J. Cleland. (2010) Effects of oral l-carnitine supplementation on insulin sensitivity indices in response to glucose feeding in lean and overweight/obese males. Amino Acids 41:2, pages 507-515.
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Charles Rebouche. 2010. Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements, Second Edition. Encyclopedia of Dietary Supplements, Second Edition 107 114 .
Staffan Lindeberg. 2009. Food and Western Disease. Food and Western Disease 250 343 .
Raghunandan Yendapally. 2009. Handbook of Nutraceuticals Volume I. Handbook of Nutraceuticals Volume I 69 98 .
Claudio Allegra, Pier Luigi Antignani, Ilana Schachter, Aleardo Koverech, Masa Messano & Ashraf Virmani. (2008) Propionyl-l-Carnitine in Leriche-Fontaine Stage II Peripheral Arterial Obstructive Disease. Annals of Vascular Surgery 22:4, pages 552-558.
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Claudio Allegra, Pier Luigi Antignani, Ilana Schachter, Aleardo Koverech, Masa Messano & Ashraf Virmani. (2008) Propionil-L-carnitina en la arteriopatía obstructiva periférica en estadio II de la clasificación de Leriche-Fontaine. Anales de Cirugía Vascular 22:4, pages 602-608.
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Claudio Allegra, Pier Luigi Antignani, Ilana Schachter, Aleardo Koverech, Masa Messano & Ashraf Virmani. (2008) Propionyl-L-Carnitine et artériopathie des membres inférieurs au stade II de Leriche et Fontaine. Annales de Chirurgie Vasculaire 22:4, pages 599-605.
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Kleopatra H. Schulpis, Evangelos D. Papakonstantinou, George D. Vlachos, Dimitrios G. Vlachos, Aris Antsaklis, Ioannis Papassotiriou & Stylianos Tsakiris. (2008) The effect of the mode of delivery on the maternal-neonatal carnitine blood levels and antioxidant status. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 46:5.
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Mike Greenwood, Douglas S. Kalman & Jose AntonioTim N. Ziegenfuss, Jamie Landis & Mike Greenwood. 2008. Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise. Nutritional Supplements in Sports and Exercise 409 450 .
T S Epp, H H Erickson, J Woodworth & D C Poole. (2007) Effects of oral l -carnitine supplementation in racing Greyhounds . Equine and Comparative Exercise Physiology 4:3-4, pages 141-147.
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Sara Chelland Campbell & Robert Moffatt. 2007. Sports Nutrition. Sports Nutrition.
Ke Li, Wei Li & Yufeng Huang. (2007) Determination of free l-carnitine in human seminal plasma by high performance liquid chromatography with pre-column ultraviolet derivatization and its clinical application in male infertility. Clinica Chimica Acta 378:1-2, pages 159-163.
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Jane L Elmslie, Richard J Porter, Peter R Joyce, Penelope J Hunt & Jim I Mann. (2006) Carnitine does not improve weight loss outcomes in valproate-treated bipolar patients consuming an energy-restricted, low-fat diet. Bipolar Disorders 8:5p1, pages 503-507.
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Signorelli Salvatore Santo, Neri Sergio, Di Pino Luigi, Marchese Giuseppe, Ferrante Margherita, Oliveri Conti Gea, Fallico Roberto, Celotta Gabriella, Pennisi Giuseppe & Anzaldi Massimiliano. (2006) Effect of PLC on functional parameters and oxidative profile in type 2 diabetes-associated PAD. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 72:3, pages 231-237.
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A. Borghi-Silva, V. Baldissera, L.M.M. Sampaio, V.A. Pires-DiLorenzo, M. Jamami, A. Demonte, J.S. Marchini & D. Costa. (2006) L-carnitine as an ergogenic aid for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease submitted to whole-body and respiratory muscle training programs. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research 39:4, pages 465-474.
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CHIU MING NG, MARC R. BLACKMAN, CHRISTINA WANG & RONALD S. SWERDLOFF. (2004) The Role of Carnitine in the Male Reproductive System. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1033:1, pages 177-188.
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ERIC P. BRASS. (2004) Carnitine and Sports Medicine: Use or Abuse?. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 1033:1, pages 67-78.
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Heidrun Karlic & Alfred Lohninger. (2004) Supplementation of l-carnitine in athletes: does it make sense?. Nutrition 20:7-8, pages 709-715.
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Giovanni Pistone, Angela D Marino, Carmelo Leotta, Simona Dell???Arte, Giovanna Finocchiaro & Mariano Malaguarnera. (2003) Levocarnitine Administration in Elderly Subjects with Rapid Muscle Fatigue. Drugs & Aging 20:10, pages 761-767.
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Jeff S. Volek, William J. Kraemer, Martyn R. Rubin, Ana L. Gómez, Nicholas A. Ratamess & Paula Gaynor. (2002) l -Carnitine l -tartrate supplementation favorably affects markers of recovery from exercise stress . American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 282:2, pages E474-E482.
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Vittorio Calabrese & Victor Rizza. (1999) Formation of Propionate After Short-Term Ethanol Treatment and Its Interaction with the Carnitine Pool in Rat. Alcohol 19:2, pages 169-176.
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