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Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media Volume 35, 1991 - Issue 4
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Research articles

Effects of issue‐image strategies, attack and support appeals, music, and visual content in political commercials

Esther Thorson Professor of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin‐Madison
,
William G. Christ Associate Professor of Communication, Trinity University, San Antonio, TX
&
Clarke Caywood Assistant Professor of Advertising and Marketing Communication, Northwestern University
Pages 465-486 | Accepted 01 Apr 1991, Published online: 18 May 2009

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Sean Luechtefeld & Adam S. Richards. (2016) The Interaction of Issue and Image Frames on Political Candidate Assessment. Communication Studies 67:1, pages 20-36.
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H.-Y. Chou & N.-H. Lien. (2013) The effects of appeal types and candidates' poll rankings in negative political advertising. Asian Journal of Communication 23:5, pages 489-518.
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Hsuan-Ting Chen & Yonghwan Kim. (2011) Attacking or Self-Promoting? The Influence of Tone of Advertising and Issue Relevance on Candidate Evaluations and the Likelihood of Voting for an Emerging Challenger in Korea. International Journal of Strategic Communication 5:4, pages 261-280.
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PatrickC. Meirick & GwendelynS. Nisbett. (2011) I Approve This Message: Effects of Sponsorship, Ad Tone, and Reactance in 2008 Presidential Advertising. Mass Communication and Society 14:5, pages 666-689.
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Hsuan-Yi Chou & Nai-Hwa Lien. (2011) What does a negative political ad really say? The effects of different content dimensions. Journal of Marketing Communications 17:4, pages 281-295.
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JohnH. Parmelee. (2009) “A Better Man for a Better America:” Presidential Campaign Films as a Mirror of Society. Atlantic Journal of Communication 17:2, pages 88-100.
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Yun Jung Choi & Jong Hyuk Lee. (2007) Effects of Image–Issue and Positive–Negative Scene Orders in Broadcast News. Mass Communication and Society 10:1, pages 43-65.
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Patrick Meirick. (2002) Cognitive Responses to Negative and Comparative Political Advertising. Journal of Advertising 31:1, pages 49-62.
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WilliamL. Benoit. (2001) The functional approach to presidential television spots: Acclaiming, attacking, defending 1952–2000. Communication Studies 52:2, pages 109-126.
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Chingching Chang. (2001) The Impacts of Emotion Elicited By Print Political Advertising on Candidate Evaluation. Media Psychology 3:2, pages 91-118.
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AlinaB. Sorescu & BetsyD. Gelb. (2000) Negative Comparative Advertising: Evidence Favoring Fine-Tuning. Journal of Advertising 29:4, pages 25-40.
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Esther Thorson, Ekaterina Ognianova, James Coyle & Frank Denton. (2000) Negative Political Ads and Negative Citizen Orientations toward Politics. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising 22:1, pages 13-40.
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WilliamA. Benoit. (2000) Comparing the Clinton and Dole advertising campaigns: Identification and division in 1996 presidential television spots. Communication Research Reports 17:1, pages 39-48.
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Susan A Sherr. (1999) Scenes from the Political Playground: An Analysis of the Symbolic Use of Children in Presidential Campaign Advertising. Political Communication 16:1, pages 45-59.
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SpencerF. Tinkham & Ruth Ann Weaver-Lariscy. (1994) Ethical Judgments of Political Television Commercials as Predictors of Attitude toward the Ad. Journal of Advertising 23:3, pages 43-57.
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WilliamG. Christ, Esther Thorson & Clarke Caywood. (1994) Do attitudes toward political advertising affect information processing of televised political commercials?. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 38:3, pages 251-270.
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SpencerF. Tinkham & Ruth Ann Weaver‐Lariscy. (1993) A diagnostic approach to assessing the impact of negative political television commercials. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media 37:4, pages 377-399.
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DianeM. Badzinski. (1992) Message cues and narrative comprehension: A developmental study. Communication Quarterly 40:3, pages 228-238.
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Esther Thorson. (2023) Emotion in Processing Advertising and News. Journalism & Communication Monographs 25:2, pages 181-192.
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Kenneth E. Kim & Lori M. McKinnon. (2022) An Experimental Study of the Effectiveness of Negative Campaign Messaging: Will Outcome Framing Work for Partisans in Polarised Politics?. Journal of Creative Communications 18:1, pages 26-39.
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Nural Imik Tanyildizi & Harun Tanyildizi. (2022) Estimation of voting behavior in election using support vector machine, extreme learning machine and deep learning. Neural Computing and Applications 34:20, pages 17329-17342.
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Emmanuel Heisbourg. (2021) Le lien entre préférences musicales et attitudes politiques au Québec. Politique et Sociétés 40:3, pages 197-236.
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Emmanuel Heisbourg & Fernando Feitosa. (2021) Does music affect citizens’ evaluations of candidates?. Politics and the Life Sciences 40:2, pages 172-178.
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Hsuan-Yi Chou. (2019) Labeling candidates as underdogs in political communications: The moderation of candidate-related factors. Electoral Studies 59, pages 120-135.
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Hsuan-Yi Chou & Min-Hung Yeh. (2018) Minor language variations in campaign advertisements: The effects of pronoun use and message orientation on voter responses. Electoral Studies 51, pages 58-71.
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Beschara Karam. 2018. Perspectives on Political Communication in Africa. Perspectives on Political Communication in Africa 27 44 .
Lindsey A. Harvell & Gwendelyn S. Nisbett. 2016. Communication and Midterm Elections. Communication and Midterm Elections 225 239 .
Clarke L. Caywood. 2013. The Handbook of Communication and Corporate Reputation. The Handbook of Communication and Corporate Reputation 94 103 .
Christian Schemer. (2011) Reinforcing Spirals of Negative Affects and Selective Attention to Advertising in a Political Campaign. Communication Research 39:3, pages 413-434.
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Michele Adams. (2011) Is family a moral capital resource for female politicians? The case of ABC’s Commander in Chief . Media, Culture & Society 33:2, pages 223-241.
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Michael M. Franz & Travis N. Ridout. (2007) Does Political Advertising Persuade?. Political Behavior 29:4, pages 465-491.
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. 2005. The Psychology of Media and Politics. The Psychology of Media and Politics 257 285 .
Young Min. (2016) News Coverage of Negative Political Campaigns. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics 9:4, pages 95-111.
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Adrian C. North, Liam C. Mackenzie, Ruth M. Law & David J. Hargreaves. (2006) The Effects of Musical and Voice “Fit” on Responses to Advertisements 1 . Journal of Applied Social Psychology 34:8, pages 1675-1708.
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Anne Johnston & Lynda Lee Kaid. (2002) Image Ads and Issue Ads in U.S. Presidential Advertising: Using Videostyle to Explore Stylistic Differences in Televised Political Ads From 1952 to 2000. Journal of Communication 52:2, pages 281-300.
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Glenn W. RichardsonJr.Jr.. (2001) Looking for Meaning in All the Wrong Places: Why Negative Advertising Is a Suspect Category. Journal of Communication 51:4, pages 775-800.
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LYNDA LEE KAID. (2016) TechnoDistortions and Effects of the 2000 Political Advertising. American Behavioral Scientist 44:12, pages 2370-2378.
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GLENN LESHNER. (2016) Critiquing the Image. Communication Research 28:2, pages 181-207.
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Kim Fridkin Kahn & Patrick J. Kenney. (2014) Do Negative Campaigns Mobilize or Suppress Turnout? Clarifying the Relationship between Negativity and Participation. American Political Science Review 93:4, pages 877-889.
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Phil Harris, Andrew Lock & Nicholas O’Shaughnessy. (1999) Measuring the effect of political advertising and the case of the 1995 Irish Divorce Referendum. Marketing Intelligence & Planning 17:6, pages 272-280.
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James B. Lemert, Wayne Wanta & Tien-Tsung Lee. (1999) Party Identification and Negative Advertising in a U.S. Senate Election. Journal of Communication 49:2, pages 123-134.
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. 1999. Television. Television 311 369 .
Kathleen Hall Jamieson & Joseph N. Cappella. (2013) Bridging the Disciplinary Divide. PS: Political Science & Politics 29:1, pages 13-17.
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Kathleen Hall Jamieson & Joseph N. Cappella. (2013) Bridging the Disciplinary Divide. PS: Political Science & Politics 29:01, pages 13-17.
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Stephen Ansolabehere, Shanto Iyengar, Adam Simon & Nicholas Valentino. (2013) Does Attack Advertising Demobilize the Electorate?. American Political Science Review 88:4, pages 829-838.
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