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Environmental Technology Volume 11, 1990 - Issue 3
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A review of proposed non‐phosphate detergent builders, utilisation and environmental assessment

Michael Dwyer Civil Engineering Department, Imperial College, London, SW7 2BU, U.K.
,
Stephen Yeoman Civil Engineering Department, Imperial College, London, SW7 2BU, U.K.
,
John N. Lester Civil Engineering Department, Imperial College, London, SW7 2BU, U.K.
&
Roger Perry Civil Engineering Department, Imperial College, London, SW7 2BU, U.K.
Pages 263-294 | Received 05 Dec 1989, Accepted 09 Feb 1990, Published online: 17 Dec 2008

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F. Baßmann, J.-M. Sèquaris, H.-D. Narres & M.J. Schwuger. (1999) ADSORPTION OF NONIONIC AND ANIONIC POLYMERS ON γ-ALUMINA AND NA-MONTMORILLONITE AND THEIR MIXTURES. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 20:1-2, pages 607-620.
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JohnD. Hamilton, MichaelB. Freeman & KevinH. Reinert. (1996) Aquatic Risk Assessment of A Polycarboxylate Dispersant Polymer Used in Laundry Detergents. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 49:1, pages 67-82.
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Hélène Bazin, Alain Bouchu & Gérard Descotes. (1995) Hydrolysis of Cyanoethylated Carbohydrates: Synthesis of New Carboxylic Derivatives of Sucrose, d-Glucose and d-Fructose. Journal of Carbohydrate Chemistry 14:8, pages 1187-1207.
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M.B. Freeman & T.M. Bender. (1993) An environmental fate and safety assessment for a low molecular weight polyacrylate detergent additive. Environmental Technology 14:2, pages 101-112.
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Articles from other publishers (14)

Zulina Abd Maurad, Luqman Chuah Abdullah, Mohd Shamsul Anuar, Nor Nadiah Abdul Karim Shah & Zainab Idris. (2023) The flow behavior of powder stearin-based methyl ester sulfonates and the effect of glidant. Particuology 80, pages 148-156.
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Esmat Koohsaryan, Mansoor Anbia & Mohammad Maghsoodlu. (2020) Application of zeolites as non‐phosphate detergent builders: A review. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering 8:5, pages 104287.
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Carsten K Schmidt, Michael Fleig, Frank Sacher & Heinz-Jürgen Brauch. (2004) Occurrence of aminopolycarboxylates in the aquatic environment of Germany. Environmental Pollution 131:1, pages 107-124.
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Arie C. Besemer, Jan M. Jetten & Ted M. Slaghek. (2003) Improved Calcium Sequestering Carbohydrate Based Agents. Starch - Stärke 55:10, pages 443-449.
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Christian V. Stevens, Alessia Meriggi & Karl Booten. (2001) Chemical Modification of Inulin, a Valuable Renewable Resource, and Its Industrial Applications. Biomacromolecules 2:1, pages 1-16.
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M.St.J. Warne & A.D. Schifko. (1999) Toxicity of Laundry Detergent Components to a Freshwater Cladoceran and Their Contribution to Detergent Toxicity. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 44:2, pages 196-206.
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Stephen Heinzman. (1998) Small-molecule polycarboxylate builders. Journal of Surfactants and Detergents 1:1, pages 105-108.
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A. C. Besemer & H. Van Bekkum. 1996. Carbohydrates as Organic Raw Materials III. Carbohydrates as Organic Raw Materials III 273 293 .
Hélène Bazin, Gérard Descotes, Alain Bouchu & Michelle Petit-Ramel. (1995) Comparison of calcium complexation of some carboxylic acids derived from D ­glucose and D -fructose . Canadian Journal of Chemistry 73:8, pages 1338-1347.
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Arie C. Besemer & Herman van Bekkum. (2006) Dicarboxy‐Starch by Sodium Hypochlorite/Bromide Oxidation and Its Calcium Binding Properties. Starch - Stärke 46:3, pages 95-101.
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P. Christophliemk, P. Gerike & M. Potokar. 1992. Detergents. Detergents 205 228 .
J.M. Bubb & J.N. Lester. (1991) The impact of heavy metals on lowland rivers and the implications for man and the environment. Science of The Total Environment 100, pages 207-233.
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S. Yeoman, J.N. Lester & R. Perry. (1990) The partitioning of polycarboxylic acids in activated sludge. Chemosphere 21:4-5, pages 443-450.
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G. J. L. Griffin. (1980) Synthetic polymers and the living environment. Pure and Applied Chemistry 52:2, pages 399-407.
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