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Original Articles

The application of state‐and‐transition models to rangeland research and management in arid succulent and semi‐arid grassy Karoo, South Africa

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Pages 18-26 | Published online: 29 Oct 2010

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (17)

Lisa Hebbelmann, Timothy G O’Connor & Justin CO du Toit. (2023) The influence of grass competition and soil moisture on the growth and phenology of Karoo shrubs in the Eastern Upper Karoo. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 40:3, pages 298-309.
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G Arena, MT Hoffman, H van der Merwe & TG O’Connor. (2023) Expansion of the Grassland Biome in the eastern Karoo corresponds with changes in rainfall and livestock numbers. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 40:1, pages 1-19.
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N Saayman, CD Morris, R Swart & JC Botha. (2022) Drivers of change in vegetation and soil in the Gamka Karoo: grazing versus rainfall. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 39:4, pages 310-319.
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Helga van der Merwe & Suzanne J Milton. (2019) Growth in three Karoo shrub species under various grazing treatments: the tracking of marked individuals over 25 years. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 36:1, pages 61-66.
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Justin CO du Toit, Tshililo Ramaswiela, Marco J Pauw & Tim G O’Connor. (2018) Interactions of grazing and rainfall on vegetation at Grootfontein in the eastern Karoo. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 35:3-4, pages 267-276.
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Christiaan J Harmse & Hannes J Gerber. (2018) Effect of stocking density on vegetation and animal performance within the semi-arid shrublands of the Karoo, South Africa. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 35:1, pages 13-22.
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Nelmarie Saayman, Craig Morris & Hannes Botha. (2016) Livestock grazing has minimal effect on the species richness and diversity of semi-arid shrubland in the Western Little Karoo, South Africa. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 33:4, pages 225-233.
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Justin CO du Toit, Loraine van den Berg & Tim G O'Connor. (2015) Fire effects on vegetation in a grassy dwarf shrubland at a site in the eastern Karoo, South Africa. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 32:1, pages 13-20.
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FD Richardson, MT Hoffman & L Gillson. (2010) Modelling the complex dynamics of vegetation, livestock and rainfall in asemiarid rangeland in South Africa. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 27:3, pages 125-142.
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N Saayman, CD Morris, MB Hardy & JC Botha. (2009) Can brush-cutting of Pteronia paniculata improve the composition and productivity of veld in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa?. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 26:3, pages 181-190.
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EIRIN HONGSLO, RICK ROHDE & TIMM HOFFMAN. (2009) LANDSCAPE CHANGE AND ECOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN RELATION TO LAND-USE IN NAMAQUALAND, SOUTH AFRICA, 1939 TO 2005. South African Geographical Journal 91:2, pages 63-74.
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V.R. Squires & F. Bennett. (2004) Land Capability Assessment and Estimation of Pastoral Potential of Semiarid Rangeland in South Australia. Arid Land Research and Management 18:1, pages 25-37.
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MarkA. Weltz, Gale Dunn, Jean Reeder & Gary Frasier. (2003) Ecological Sustainability of Rangelands. Arid Land Research and Management 17:4, pages 369-388.
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T. Wiegand, F. Jeltsch, S. Bauer & K. Kellner. (1998) Perspective article: Simulation models for semi‐arid rangelands of southern Africa. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 15:1-2, pages 48-60.
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M. Timm Hoffman. (1995) Environmental History and the Desertification of the Karoo, South Africa. Giornale botanico italiano 129:1, pages 261-273.
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S.J. Milton. (1994) Small‐scale reseeding trials in arid rangeland: Effects of rainfall, clearing and grazing on seedling survival. African Journal of Range & Forage Science 11:2, pages 54-58.
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Articles from other publishers (64)

Anton Schmidt & Graham Kerley. (2024) Relating Threshold Changes in Soil Function to Structural Changes in Woody Vegetation Along Herbivore Utilization Gradients with Different Management Histories in an Arid Thicket Mosaic, South Africa. Rangeland Ecology & Management 92, pages 42-49.
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Derek A Uhey & Richard W Hofstetter. (2022) From Pests to Keystone Species: Ecosystem Influences and Human Perceptions of Harvester Ants ( Pogonomyrmex , Veromessor , and Messor spp.) . Annals of the Entomological Society of America 115:2, pages 127-140.
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Suzanne. J. Milton & W. Richard. J. Dean. (2021) Anthropogenic impacts and implications for ecological restoration in the Karoo, South Africa. Anthropocene 36, pages 100307.
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Helga van der Merwe, Suzanne J. Milton, W. Richard J. Dean, Tim G. O'Connor & Joh R. Henschel. (2021) Developing an environmental research platform in the Karoo at the Square Kilometre Array. South African Journal of Science 117:11/12.
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Jonathan D. Phillips. 2021. Landscape Evolution. Landscape Evolution 117 157 .
Chuan Liao, Arun Agrawal, Patrick E. Clark, Simon A. Levin & Daniel I. Rubenstein. (2020) Landscape sustainability science in the drylands: mobility, rangelands and livelihoods. Landscape Ecology 35:11, pages 2433-2447.
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Helga van der Merwe. (2020) Vegetation of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), South Africa: A baseline to measure local and global change. South African Journal of Botany 132, pages 22-29.
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Ali A. Al-Namazi & Khalid A. Almalki. (2020) Assessing the Impacts of Vegetation Cover Change in Mahazat Alsayd Natural Reserve Using Remote Sensing and Ground-Truth Data. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development 11:4, pages 180-185.
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Kari E. Veblen & Lauren M. Porensky. (2019) Thresholds are in the eye of the beholder: plants and wildlife respond differently to short‐term cattle corrals. Ecological Applications 29:8.
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Anton Schmidt, Graham Kerley & Laurence Watson. (2019) Threshold changes in the structure and composition of bush clumps in piospheres in an arid thicket mosaic, South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments 169, pages 19-28.
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Chuan Liao, Patrick E. Clark & Stephen D. DeGloria. (2018) Bush encroachment dynamics and rangeland management implications in southern Ethiopia. Ecology and Evolution 8:23, pages 11694-11703.
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H. Van der Merwe, J.C.O. Du Toit, L. Van den Berg & T.G. O'Connor. (2018) Impact of sheep grazing intensity on vegetation at the Arid Karoo Stocking Rate Trial after 27 years, Carnarvon, South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments 155, pages 36-45.
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Khishigbayar Jamiyansharav, María E. Fernández‐Giménez, Jay P. Angerer, Baasandorj Yadamsuren & Zumberelmaa Dash. (2018) Plant community change in three Mongolian steppe ecosystems 1994–2013: applications to state‐and‐transition models. Ecosphere 9:3.
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M.L. Masubelele, M.T. Hoffman & W.J. Bond. (2015) Biome stability and long-term vegetation change in the semi-arid, south-eastern interior of South Africa: A synthesis of repeat photo-monitoring studies. South African Journal of Botany 101, pages 139-147.
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Mmoto L. Masubelele, Michael T. Hoffman & William J. Bond. (2015) A repeat photograph analysis of long-term vegetation change in semi-arid South Africa in response to land use and climate. Journal of Vegetation Science 26:5, pages 1013-1023.
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Andrea Soledad Enriquez, Rodney A. Chimner, María Victoria Cremona, Paula Diehl & Griselda Luz Bonvissuto. (2014) Grazing intensity levels influence C reservoirs of wet and mesic meadows along a precipitation gradient in Northern Patagonia. Wetlands Ecology and Management 23:3, pages 439-451.
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Mmoto L. Masubelele, M.T. Hoffman, W.J. Bond & J. Gambiza. (2014) A 50 year study shows grass cover has increased in shrublands of semi-arid South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments 104, pages 43-51.
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Marius L. van der Vyver, Richard M. Cowling, Anthony J. Mills & Mark Difford. (2013) Spontaneous Return of Biodiversity in Restored Subtropical Thicket: Portulacaria afra as an Ecosystem Engineer . Restoration Ecology 21:6, pages 736-744.
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Mmoto L. Masubelele, Michael T. Hoffman, William Bond & Peter Burdett. (2013) Vegetation change (1988–2010) in Camdeboo National Park (South Africa), using fixed-point photo monitoring: The role of herbivory and climate. Koedoe 55:1.
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J. E. Bennett, A. R. Palmer & M. A. Blackett. (2012) RANGE DEGRADATION AND LAND TENURE CHANGE: INSIGHTS FROM A ‘RELEASED’ COMMUNAL AREA OF EASTERN CAPE PROVINCE, SOUTH AFRICA. Land Degradation & Development 23:6, pages 557-568.
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J. A. Dickie & A. J. Parsons. (2012) ECO-GEOMORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES WITHIN GRASSLANDS, SHRUBLANDS AND BADLANDS IN THE SEMI-ARID KAROO, SOUTH AFRICA. Land Degradation & Development 23:6, pages 534-547.
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Michael C. Rutherford, Leslie W. Powrie & Lara B. Husted. (2012) Plant diversity consequences of a herbivore-driven biome switch from Grassland to Nama-Karoo shrub steppe in South Africa. Applied Vegetation Science 15:1, pages 14-25.
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Richard F. Rohde & M. Timm Hoffman. (2012) The historical ecology of Namibian rangelands: Vegetation change since 1876 in response to local and global drivers. Science of The Total Environment 416, pages 276-288.
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C.L. Alados, J. Puigdefábregas & J. Martínez-Fernández. (2011) Ecological and socio-economical thresholds of land and plant-community degradation in semi-arid Mediterranean areas of southeastern Spain. Journal of Arid Environments 75:12, pages 1368-1376.
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M.C. Rutherford & L.W. Powrie. (2010) Severely degraded rangeland: Implications for plant diversity from a case study in Succulent Karoo, South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments 74:6, pages 692-701.
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Daniela H. Haarmeyer, Ute Schmiedel, Jürgen Dengler & Britta M. Bösing. (2010) How does grazing intensity affect different vegetation types in arid Succulent Karoo, South Africa? Implications for conservation management. Biological Conservation 143:3, pages 588-596.
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S. J. RAHLAO, S. J. MILTON, K. J. ESLER, B. W. VAN WILGEN & P. BARNARD. (2009) Effects of invasion of fire‐free arid shrublands by a fire‐promoting invasive alien grass ( Pennisetum setaceum ) in South Africa . Austral Ecology 34:8, pages 920-928.
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D.F. Joubert, A. Rothauge & G.N. Smit. (2008) A conceptual model of vegetation dynamics in the semiarid Highland savanna of Namibia, with particular reference to bush thickening by Acacia mellifera. Journal of Arid Environments 72:12, pages 2201-2210.
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A. M. Cingolani, D. Renison, P. A. Tecco, D. E. Gurvich & M. Cabido. (2008) Predicting cover types in a mountain range with long evolutionary grazing history: a GIS approach. Journal of Biogeography 35:3, pages 538-551.
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Lee Simons & Nicky Allsopp. (2007) Rehabilitation of Rangelands in Paulshoek, Namaqualand: Understanding vegetation change using biophysical manipulations. Journal of Arid Environments 70:4, pages 755-766.
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J. Keay‐Bright & J. Boardman. (2007) The influence of land management on soil erosion in the Sneeuberg Mountains, Central Karoo, South Africa. Land Degradation & Development 18:4, pages 423-439.
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David Ward. 2009. Large Herbivore Ecology, Ecosystem Dynamics and Conservation. Large Herbivore Ecology, Ecosystem Dynamics and Conservation 142 169 .
SIMON W. TODD. (2006) Gradients in vegetation cover, structure and species richness of Nama-Karoo shrublands in relation to distance from livestock watering points. Journal of Applied Ecology 43:2, pages 293-304.
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T. Kraaij & S.J. Milton. (2006) Vegetation changes (1995–2004) in semi-arid Karoo shrubland, South Africa: Effects of rainfall, wild herbivores and change in land use. Journal of Arid Environments 64:1, pages 174-192.
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B.B. Janecke, P.J. du Preez & G.J. Bredenkamp. (2005) A synoptic view on the grassland vegetation of Soetdoring Nature Reserve, Free State Province. South African Journal of Botany 71:3-4, pages 339-348.
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B.D. Hahn, F.D. Richardson, M.T. Hoffman, R. Roberts, S.W. Todd & P.J. Carrick. (2005) A simulation model of long-term climate, livestock and vegetation interactions on communal rangelands in the semi-arid Succulent Karoo, Namaqualand, South Africa. Ecological Modelling 183:2-3, pages 211-230.
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