6,139
Views
128
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Current Clinical Practice

Hyposplenism: A comprehensive review. Part I: Basic concepts and causes

&
Pages 1-13 | Published online: 04 Sep 2013

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (6)

Amaylia Oehadian, Ian Huang, Andini Kartikasari, Bachti Alisjahbana & Delita Prihatni. (2023) Howell-Jolly Body-Like Inclusions in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): Possible Novel Findings. Journal of Blood Medicine 14, pages 233-238.
Read now
Meghna Dua, Halima Bello-Manga, Yvonne M. Carroll, Aisha Amal Galadanci, Umma Abdulsalam Ibrahim, Allison A. King, Ayobami Olanrewaju & Jeremie H. Estepp. (2022) Strategies to increase access to basic sickle cell disease care in low- and middle-income countries. Expert Review of Hematology 15:4, pages 333-344.
Read now
Giovanni Casella, Fabio Ingravalle, Giorgio Abbate, Claudio Monti, Fulvio Bonetti, Gabrio Bassotti, Pasquale Mansueto, Vincenzo Villanacci & Antonio Carroccio. (2019) Pneumococcal vaccination in celiac disease. Expert Review of Gastroenterology & Hepatology 13:6, pages 541-546.
Read now
Outi Laine, Ilona Leppänen, Sirpa Koskela, Jaakko Antonen, Satu Mäkelä, Marjatta Sinisalo, Antti Vaheri & Jukka Mustonen. (2015) Severe Puumala virus infection in a patient with a lymphoproliferative disease treated with icatibant. Infectious Diseases 47:2, pages 107-111.
Read now
Atallah Baydoun, Joseph E. Maakaron, Houssam Halawi, Jihane Abou Rahal & Ali T. Taher. (2012) Hematological manifestations of celiac disease. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 47:12, pages 1401-1411.
Read now
Shirin Birjandi & Pamela Witte. (2011) Why are the elderly so susceptible to pneumonia?. Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine 5:5, pages 593-595.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (122)

D Yomogida, S Kitajima & Y Iwata. (2023) Acute infectious purpura fulminans and hyposplenism. QJM: An International Journal of Medicine.
Crossref
Amjad Alhyari, Lisa Geisler, Friederike Eilsberger, Christoph F. Dietrich, Hajo Findeisen, Corinna Trenker, Christian Görg & Ehsan Safai Zadeh. (2022) „Hyposplenie“, eine weitgehend unerkannte Immunschwäche: Ist die Sonografie hilfreich?. Zeitschrift für Gastroenterologie 61:07, pages 852-861.
Crossref
Lucrèce M. Délicat-Loembet, Mohamed Ag Baraïka, Flabou Bougoudogo & Dapa A. Diallo. (2023) Bacterial Infection in the Sickle Cell Population: Development and Enabling Factors. Microorganisms 11:4, pages 859.
Crossref
Robert Drescher, Philipp Seifert, Sebastian Gröber, Julia Greiser, Christian Kühnel, Falk Gühne & Martin Freesmeyer. (2023) PET/CT of the Spleen with Gallium-Oxine-Labeled, Heat-Damaged Red Blood Cells: Clinical Experience and Technical Aspects. Diagnostics 13:3, pages 566.
Crossref
Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Sarah Luu, Rita Carsetti, Faith Osier, Rodney Ogwang, Obiageli E. Nnodu, Ursula Wiedermann, Jo Spencer, Franco Locatelli, Gino Roberto Corazza & Antonio Di Sabatino. (2022) Asplenia and spleen hypofunction. Nature Reviews Disease Primers 8:1.
Crossref
Osaro Erhabor, Teddy Charles Adias, Tosan Erhabor, Osaro Mgbere, Sadiya Usman & Bibiana Nonye Egenti. 2022. Sickle Cell Disease. Sickle Cell Disease.
Mauro Podda, Belinda De Simone, Marco Ceresoli, Francesco Virdis, Francesco Favi, Johannes Wiik Larsen, Federico Coccolini, Massimo Sartelli, Nikolaos Pararas, Solomon Gurmu Beka, Luigi Bonavina, Raffaele Bova, Adolfo Pisanu, Fikri Abu-Zidan, Zsolt Balogh, Osvaldo Chiara, Imtiaz Wani, Philip Stahel, Salomone Di Saverio, Thomas Scalea, Kjetil Soreide, Boris Sakakushev, Francesco Amico, Costanza Martino, Andreas Hecker, Nicola de’Angelis, Mircea Chirica, Joseph Galante, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Emmanouil Pikoulis, Yoram Kluger, Denis Bensard, Luca Ansaloni, Gustavo Fraga, Ian Civil, Giovanni Domenico Tebala, Isidoro Di Carlo, Yunfeng Cui, Raul Coimbra, Vanni Agnoletti, Ibrahima Sall, Edward Tan, Edoardo Picetti, Andrey Litvin, Dimitrios Damaskos, Kenji Inaba, Jeffrey Leung, Ronald Maier, Walt Biffl, Ari Leppaniemi, Ernest Moore, Kurinchi Gurusamy & Fausto Catena. (2022) Follow-up strategies for patients with splenic trauma managed non-operatively: the 2022 World Society of Emergency Surgery consensus document. World Journal of Emergency Surgery 17:1.
Crossref
Emanuela Anastasi, Marco Marziali, Adele Preziosi, Elena Berardelli, Anna Annunziata Losardo, Michela Ribersani, Pellegrina Pugliese, Antonella Farina, Patrizia Mancini & Antonio Angeloni. (2022) Humoral immune response to Comirnaty (BNT162b2) SARS-Cov2 mRNA vaccine in Thalassemia Major patients. Microbes and Infection 24:6-7, pages 104976.
Crossref
Oscar Borsani, Takaki Asano, Bertrand Boisson, Sara Fraticelli, Marta Braschi‐Amirfarzan, Daniela Pietra, Ilaria Carola Casetti, Daniele Vanni, Chiara Trotti, Alessandro Borghesi, Jean‐Laurent Casanova, Luca Arcaini & Elisa Rumi. (2022) Isolated congenital asplenia: An overlooked cause of thrombocytosis. American Journal of Hematology 97:8, pages 1110-1115.
Crossref
Malte H. Wehmeyer, Harsha Sekhri, Raluca Wroblewski, Antonio Galante, Thomas Meyer, Ansgar W. Lohse & Julian Schulze zur Wiesch. (2022) Frequent detection of functional hyposplenism via assessment of pitted erythrocytes in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis. PLOS ONE 17:7, pages e0271541.
Crossref
Eleni Louka & Georgina W. Hall. (2022) Abnormalities of the spleen: a systematic approach to a child with enlarged spleen and splenic dysfunction. Paediatrics and Child Health 32:5, pages 202-206.
Crossref
Alla Khashper, Doron Shwartz, Benjamin Hyatt Taragin & Tamar Shalmon. (2022) Splenic size as a marker for active inflammation in Crohn's disease. Clinical Imaging 84, pages 164-167.
Crossref
Bin Chang, Kosuke Tamura, Hiroyuki Fujikura, Hiroshi Watanabe, Yoshinari Tanabe, Koji Kuronuma, Jiro Fujita, Kengo Oshima, Takaya Maruyama, Shuichi Abe, Kei Kasahara, Junichiro Nishi, Tetsuya Kubota, Yuki Kinjo, Yusuke Serizawa, Reiko Shimbashi, Munehisa Fukusumi, Tomoe Shimada, Tomimasa Sunagawa, Motoi Suzuki, Kazunori Oishi, Bin Chang, Kosuke Tamura, Hiroyuki Fujikura, Hiroshi Watanabe, Yoshinari Tanabe, Koji Kuronuma, Jiro Fujita, Kengo Oshima, Takaya Maruyama, Shuichi Abe, Kei Kasahara, Junichiro Nishi, Tetsuya Kubota, Yuki Kinjo, Yusuke Serizawa, Reiko Shimbashi, Munehisa Fukusumi, Tomoe Shimada, Tomimasa Sunagawa, Motoi Suzuki, Kazunori Oishi, Kenji Gotoh, Chikako Tsubata, Hiroki Takahashi, Tetsuji Aoyagi, Masashi Nakamatsu, Naoko Imuta, Akihito Yokoyama, Hiroaki Takeda & Masayuki Ishida. (2022) Pneumococcal meningitis in adults in 2014–2018 after introduction of pediatric 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Japan. Scientific Reports 12:1.
Crossref
Arthid Thim-Uam, Jiradej Makjaroen, Jiraphorn Issara-Amphorn, Wilasinee Saisorn, Dhammika Leshan Wannigama, Wiwat Chancharoenthana & Asada Leelahavanichkul. (2022) Enhanced Bacteremia in Dextran Sulfate-Induced Colitis in Splenectomy Mice Correlates with Gut Dysbiosis and LPS Tolerance. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23:3, pages 1676.
Crossref
Tetsuya Horita, Naoki Kosaka, Shinya Takaoka, Gento Fujii, Kana Fujimoto, Yoshihito Koshimizu, Tsuneo Kakuda, Hideki Shojo & Noboru Adachi. (2022) Three Autopsy Cases of Non-Meningococcal Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome with Hypoplastic Spleen or Post-Splenectomy Status. The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 258:4, pages 287-301.
Crossref
Luciana Ribeiro Jarduli‐Maciel, Júlia Teixeira Cottas de Azevedo, Emmanuel Clave, Thalita Cristina de Mello Costa, Lucas Coelho Marlière Arruda, Isabelle Fournier, Patrícia Vianna Bonini Palma, Keli Cristina Lima, Juliana Bernardes Elias, Ana Beatriz PL Stracieri, Fabiano Pieroni, Renato Cunha, Luiz Guilherme Darrigo‐Júnior, Carlos Eduardo Settani Grecco, Dimas Tadeu Covas, Ana Cristina Silva‐Pinto, Gil Cunha De Santis, Belinda Pinto Simões, Maria Carolina Oliveira, Antoine Toubert & Kelen Cristina Ribeiro Malmegrim. (2022) Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation resets T‐ and B‐cell compartments in sickle cell disease patients. Clinical & Translational Immunology 11:4.
Crossref
Mukund Tinguria & Haralambos Liaconis. (2021) Cavitating mesenteric lymph node syndrome: A rare complication of celiac disease. A case report with clinicopathologic features and review of literature. Human Pathology Reports 26, pages 300580.
Crossref
O. Nguekap, M. Martin, K. Salaun, J. Fontanelle, C. Landron, F. Roy-Péaud, O. Souchaud-Debouverie, L. Luca, A. Ramassamy, J. Gellen-Dautremer, P. Roblot, M. Puyade & L. Prat. (2021) Un joli tas de plaquettes qui a du mal à passer. La Revue de Médecine Interne 42:10, pages 746-749.
Crossref
Mike Leach & Barbara J. Bain. 2021. Haematology. Haematology 160 161 .
Vignesh Chidambaram, Jennifer M. Jones, Parvez M. Lokhandwala, Evan M. Bloch, Sophie Lanzkron, Rosalyn Stewart & Lydia H. Pecker. (2021) Low rates of transfusion‐transmitted infection screening in chronically transfused adults with sickle cell disease. Transfusion 61:8, pages 2421-2429.
Crossref
Meinolf Suttorp & Carl Friedrich Classen. (2021) Splenomegaly in Children and Adolescents. Frontiers in Pediatrics 9.
Crossref
Naim Abu‐Freha, Tamar Wainstock, Aerin Philip & Eyal Sheiner. (2021) Maternal celiac disease and the risk for long‐term infectious morbidity of the offspring. American Journal of Reproductive Immunology 86:1.
Crossref
Brit Long, Alex Koyfman & Michael Gottlieb. (2021) Complications in the adult asplenic patient: A review for the emergency clinician. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 44, pages 452-457.
Crossref
Adama I. Ladu, Abiola O. Aiyenigba, Adekunle Adekile & Imelda Bates. (2020) The spectrum of splenic complications in patients with sickle cell disease in Africa: a systematic review. British Journal of Haematology 193:1, pages 26-42.
Crossref
T. S. Mirzaev, D. V. Podluzhny, R. E. Izrailov, Yu. I. Patyutko, E. V. Glukhov & A. G. Kotelnikov. (2021) Immediate results of spleen-preserving distal subtotal pancreatic resection. Annaly khirurgicheskoy gepatologii = Annals of HPB Surgery 26:1, pages 100-106.
Crossref
Nordeval Cavalcante Araújo & José Hermógenes Rocco Suassuna. (2021) The spleen size in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Brazilian Journal of Nephrology 43:1, pages 61-67.
Crossref
Yumi Mitsuyama, Kentaro Shimizu, Atsushi Hirayama, Sho Komukai, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Hiroshi Ogura & Takeshi Shimazu. (2021) Splenic volume on computed tomography scans is associated with mortality in patients with sepsis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 104, pages 624-630.
Crossref
Tomoharu Yoshizumi, Shinji Itoh, Mototsugu Shimokawa, Shoichi Inokuchi, Noboru Harada, Kazuki Takeishi, Yohei Mano, Shohei Yoshiya, Takeshi Kurihara, Yoshihiro Nagao, Toru Ikegami, Yuji Soejima & Masaki Mori. (2021) Simultaneous splenectomy improves outcomes after adult living donor liver transplantation. Journal of Hepatology 74:2, pages 372-379.
Crossref
Johannes Weinzirl, Lydia Garnitschnig, Tom Scheffers, Lukas Andrae & Peter Heusser. (2021) Splenic Rhythms and Postprandial Dynamics in Physiology, Portal Hypertension, and Functional Hyposplenism: A Review. Digestion 102:3, pages 326-334.
Crossref
Keiichiro Shimoyama, Kazunari Azuma, Itaru Nakamura & Jun Oda. (2021) Prediction of the prognosis of patients with bacteremia caused by encapsulated organisms using spleen volume: A retrospective study. Acute Medicine & Surgery 8:1.
Crossref
Zsolt SzakácsBeáta CsiszárMátyás NagyNelli FarkasPéter KenyeresAdrienn ErősAlizadeh HussainKatalin MártaAndrea SzentesiMargit Tőkés-FüzesiTímea BerkiÁron VinczeKálmán TóthPéter HegyiJudit Bajor. (2020) Diet-Dependent and Diet-Independent Hemorheological Alterations in Celiac Disease: A Case-Control Study. Clinical and Translational Gastroenterology 11:11, pages e00256.
Crossref
Yuya Nakagami, Kaori Uchino, Hiroaki Okada, Kojiro Suzuki, Megumi Enomoto, Shohei Mizuno, Hidesuke Yamamoto, Ichiro Hanamura, Takayuki Nakayama, Hiroya Tani & Akiyoshi Takami. (2020) Potential role of Howell−Jolly bodies in identifying functional hyposplenism: a prospective single-institute study. International Journal of Hematology 112:4, pages 544-552.
Crossref
Satoshi Anai, Ritsu Ibusuki, Tomoaki Takao, Kazuhiro Okushima, Yuko Sakurai, Junko Hisasue, Tatsuya Furukawa, Naotaka Shiraishi, Yoichi Takaki & Naohiko Hara. (2020) Splenic volume in pneumococcal pneumonia patients is associated with disease severity and mortality. Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy 26:9, pages 977-985.
Crossref
Alice Balaceanu, Secil Omer, Raluca Stirban, Octavian Zara & Ion Dina. (2020) Hyposplenism, Hashimoto's Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Overlap Syndrome (Celiac Disease and Autoimmune Hepatitis Type 1). The American Journal of the Medical Sciences 360:3, pages 293-299.
Crossref
Leon Newman, Dhifaf A. Jasim, Eric Prestat, Neus Lozano, Irene de Lazaro, Yein Nam, Bakri M. Assas, Joanne Pennock, Sarah J. Haigh, Cyrill Bussy & Kostas Kostarelos. (2020) Splenic Capture and In Vivo Intracellular Biodegradation of Biological-Grade Graphene Oxide Sheets . ACS Nano 14:8, pages 10168-10186.
Crossref
Natalya Elizabeth O'Neill, Jillian Baker, Richard Ward, Colleen Johnson, Linda Taggart & Michelle Sholzberg. (2020) The development of a quality improvement project to improve infection prevention and management in patients with asplenia or hyposplenia. BMJ Open Quality 9:3, pages e000770.
Crossref
Pei-Lan Shao, Meng-Yu Chen, Mei-Hwan Wu, Jou-Kou Wang, Li-Min Huang & Shuenn-Nan Chiu. (2020) Nosocomial Severe Bacterial Infection After Cardiac Surgery for Complex Congenital Heart Disease in Heterotaxy Syndrome. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 39:8, pages e163-e168.
Crossref
Jacqueline D. Squire & Mandel Sher. (2020) Asplenia and Hyposplenism. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America 40:3, pages 471-483.
Crossref
Elisabeth Fabian, Christoph Tinchon, Andreas Lueger, Philipp K. Bauer, Karoline I. Mayer-Pickel, Reinhold B. Raggam, Heinz F. Hammer, Cord Langner & Guenter J. Krejs. (2020) Clinical-Pathological Conference Series from the Medical University of Graz. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift 132:11-12, pages 322-331.
Crossref
Taher Azimi, Ahmad Nasser, Aref Shariati, Seyedeh M.J. Shiadeh, Hossein Safari, Mahmood Alizade-Sani, Ali Taghipour & Amin Dehghan. (2020) The Possible Role of Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Bacteria in Initiation and Exacerbation of Celiac Disease; A Comprehensive Review. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 21:6, pages 452-466.
Crossref
Belinda I. Gómez, Brenna K. Harrington, Tony Chao, Kevin K. Chung, Michael A. Dubick, Nathan A. Boggs & David M. Burmeister. (2020) Impact of oral resuscitation on circulating and splenic leukocytes after burns. Burns 46:3, pages 567-578.
Crossref
Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Caterina Mengoli, Marta Vernero, Nicola Aronico, Laura Conti, Federica Borrelli de Andreis, Sara Cococcia & Antonio Di Sabatino. (2020) Preventing Infections by Encapsulated Bacteria Through Vaccine Prophylaxis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Frontiers in Immunology 11.
Crossref
Chulkova Svetlana Vasilievna, Lyudmila Yuryevna Grivtsova, Ivan Sokratovich Stylidi, Nikolay Nikolayevich Tupitsyn & Zamira Magometovna Galaeva. 2020. Normal and Malignant B-Cell. Normal and Malignant B-Cell.
Dominik Ochocinski, Mansi Dalal, L. Vandy Black, Silvana Carr, Judy Lew, Kevin Sullivan & Niranjan Kissoon. (2020) Life-Threatening Infectious Complications in Sickle Cell Disease: A Concise Narrative Review. Frontiers in Pediatrics 8.
Crossref
Lydia Garnitschnig, Johannes Weinzirl, Lukas Andrae, Tom Scheffers, Thomas Ostermann & Peter Heusser. (2020) Postprandial dynamics of splenic volume in healthy volunteers. Physiological Reports 8:2.
Crossref
Jürgen Arnhold. 2020. Cell and Tissue Destruction. Cell and Tissue Destruction 289 307 .
Arturo J Martí-Carvajal & Luis H Agreda-Pérez. (2019) Antibiotics for treating osteomyelitis in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2021:4.
Crossref
Ernest Kuchar & Monika Karlikowska‐Skwarnik. 2005. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences 1 7 .
M.E. Houwing, P.J. de Pagter, E.J. van Beers, B.J. Biemond, E. Rettenbacher, A.W. Rijneveld, E.M. Schols, J.N.J. Philipsen, R.Y.J. Tamminga, K. Fijn van Draat, E. Nur & M.H. Cnossen. (2019) Sickle cell disease: Clinical presentation and management of a global health challenge. Blood Reviews 37, pages 100580.
Crossref
Zita Chovancová. (2019) Secondary immunodeficiency as a consequence of chronic diseases. Vnitřní lékařství 65:2, pages 117-124.
Crossref
Persio Roxo-Junior, Isabela Mina & Catherine Sonaly Ferreira Martins. 2019. Pulmonary Manifestations of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases. Pulmonary Manifestations of Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases 169 192 .
Pernille Ursin Rein, Dag Jacobsen, Vidar Ormaasen & Oona Dunlop. (2018) Pneumococcal sepsis requiring mechanical ventilation: Cohort study in 38 patients with rapid progression to septic shock. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 62:10, pages 1428-1435.
Crossref
Desiree Weiberg, Marijana Basic, Margarethe Smoczek, Ulrike Bode, Melanie Bornemann & Manuela Buettner. (2018) Participation of the spleen in the IgA immune response in the gut. PLOS ONE 13:10, pages e0205247.
Crossref
Benjamin T. Noble, Faith H. Brennan & Phillip G. Popovich. (2018) The spleen as a neuroimmune interface after spinal cord injury. Journal of Neuroimmunology 321, pages 1-11.
Crossref
Pradeep Bangalore Prakash, Sook-Kyung C. Kwon, Aditya Badheka & Veerajalandhar Allareddy. (2017) A Rare Case of Isolated Congenital Asplenia Presenting in Septic Shock: Howell-Jolly Bodies a Clue to Early Diagnosis. Clinical Pediatrics 57:5, pages 597-599.
Crossref
Ivan Varga, Jozef Babala & David Kachlik. (2017) Anatomic variations of the spleen: current state of terminology, classification, and embryological background. Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy 40:1, pages 21-29.
Crossref
Iren Miko, Norbert Nemeth, Katalin Peto, Andrea Furka, Laszlo Toth & Istvan Furka. (2017) Changes of red blood cell aggregation parameters in a long-term follow-up of splenectomy, spleen-autotransplantation and partial or subtotal spleen resections in a canine model. Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 67:1, pages 91-100.
Crossref
N.C. Araújo, M.B. Neves, C.A. Mandarim-de-Lacerda & M.M.C. Orlando. (2017) Assessment of Spleen Filtrate Function in Renal Transplant Recipients Using Technetium-99m Stannous Colloid Liver-Spleen Scan. Transplantation Proceedings 49:6, pages 1301-1306.
Crossref
Venée N. Tubman & Julie Makani. (2017) Turf wars: exploring splenomegaly in sickle cell disease in malaria-endemic regions. British Journal of Haematology 177:6, pages 938-946.
Crossref
Ernest Kuchar & Monika Karlikowska‐Skwarnik. 2005. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. Encyclopedia of Life Sciences 1 8 .
Iren Miko, Norbert Nemeth, Viktoria Sogor, Ferenc Kiss, Eniko Toth, Katalin Peto, Andrea Furka, Erzsebet Vanyolos, Laszlo Toth, Jozsef Varga, Krisztian Szigeti, Ilona Benkő, Anna V. Olah & Istvan Furka. (2017) Comparative erythrocyte deformability investigations by filtrometry, slit-flow and rotational ektacytometry in a long-term follow-up animal study on splenectomy and different spleen preserving operative techniques: Partial or subtotal spleen resection and spleen autotransplantation. Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation 66:1, pages 83-96.
Crossref
Tom Gils, Petula Nijeboer, Jan Hein TM Waesberghe, Veerle MH Coupé, Kiki Janssen, Jessy A Zegers, Shaikh A Nurmohamed, Georg Kraal, Sabine CI Jiskoot, Gerd Bouma & Chris JJ Mulder. (2017) Splenic volume differentiates complicated and non‐complicated celiac disease. United European Gastroenterology Journal 5:3, pages 374-379.
Crossref
Yoshimitsu Shimatani, Yuko Naka, Kenta Sato & Hironobu Shibata. (2016) Pneumococcal meningitis in hyposplenism. Neurology and Clinical Neuroscience 5:1, pages 42-42.
Crossref
James L. Wynn & Hector R. Wong. 2017. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. Fetal and Neonatal Physiology 1536 1552.e10 .
Arturo J Martí-Carvajal & Luis H Agreda-Pérez. (2016) Antibiotics for treating osteomyelitis in people with sickle cell disease. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Crossref
Thomas J. Marrie, Gregory J. Tyrrell, Sumit R. Majumdar & Dean T. Eurich. (2016) Asplenic patients and invasive pneumococcal disease—how bad is it these days?. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 51, pages 27-30.
Crossref
Emmanuel Balandya, Teri Reynolds, Stephen Obaro & Julie Makani. (2016) Alteration of lymphocyte phenotype and function in sickle cell anemia: Implications for vaccine responses. American Journal of Hematology 91:9, pages 938-946.
Crossref
Jonathan D. Santoro, Leann Myers & Julie Kanter. (2016) Assessing the Immunogenic Response of a Single Center’s Pneumococcal Vaccination Protocol in Sickle Cell Disease. Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology 38:3, pages e102-e106.
Crossref
Steven M. Szczepanek, Sean Roberts, Kara Rogers, Christina Cotte, Alexander J. Adami, Sonali J. Bracken, Sharon Salmon, Eric R. Secor, Roger S. Thrall, Biree Andemariam & Dennis W. Metzger. (2016) Poor Long-Term Efficacy of Prevnar-13 in Sickle Cell Disease Mice Is Associated with an Inability to Sustain Pneumococcal-Specific Antibody Titers. PLOS ONE 11:2, pages e0149261.
Crossref
Shuenn-Nan Chiu, Pei-Lan Shao, Jou-Kou Wang, Hui-Wen Hsu, Ming-Tai Lin, Luan-Yin Chang, Chun-Yi Lu, Ping-Ing Lee, Li-Min Huang & Mei-Hwan Wu. (2015) Low immunoglobulin M memory B-cell percentage in patients with heterotaxy syndrome correlates with the risk of severe bacterial infection. Pediatric Research 79:2, pages 271-277.
Crossref
Madhu M. Ouseph, Malorie Simons, Diana O. Treaba, Evgeny Yakirevich, Peter H. Green, Govind Bhagat, Steven F. Moss & Shamlal Mangray. (2016) Fatal Streptococcus pneumoniae Sepsis in a Patient With Celiac Disease-Associated Hyposplenism. ACG Case Reports Journal 3:1, pages e140.
Crossref
Paul Moss. 2015. Postgraduate Haematology. Postgraduate Haematology 303 313 .
Vibe C Ballegaard, Lone Schejbel, Steen Hoffmann, Bjørn Kantsø & Christian P Fischer. (2015) Recurrent severe invasive pneumococcal disease in an adult with previously unknown hyposplenia. BMC Infectious Diseases 15:1.
Crossref
Ernest Kuchar, Katarzyna Miśkiewicz & Monika Karlikowska. (2015) A review of guidance on immunization in persons with defective or deficient splenic function. British Journal of Haematology 171:5, pages 683-694.
Crossref
Hannah Mathew, Christopher Dittus, Anita Malek & Andreea Negroiu. (2015) Howell‐Jolly bodies on peripheral smear leading to the diagnosis of congenital hyposplenism in a patient with septic shock. Clinical Case Reports 3:8, pages 714-717.
Crossref
Daniel Vasile Balaban, Alina Popp, Andrei Marian Lungu, Raluca Simona Costache, Ioana Alina Anca & Mariana Jinga. (2015) Ratio of Spleen Diameter to Red Blood Cell Distribution Width. Medicine 94:15, pages e726.
Crossref
E. David McIntosh, Victor Carey, Daniela Toneatto, Peter Dull & James Wassil. (2014) Prevention of rare diseases: how revolutionary techniques can help vulnerable individuals—the example of serogroup B meningococcal infection. Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines 3:1, pages 13-23.
Crossref
Janet R. Gilsdorf. 2015. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases 3466 3474.e1 .
Natacha Santos, Rui Silva, Joana Rodrigues & José Torres-Costa. (2014) Sjögren’s syndrome and acquired splenic atrophy with septic shock: a case report. Journal of Medical Case Reports 8:1.
Crossref
Leandro Utino TaniguchiMário Diego Teles CorreiaFernando Godinho Zampieri. (2014) Overwhelming Post-Splenectomy Infection: Narrative Review of the Literature. Surgical Infections 15:6, pages 686-693.
Crossref
O. Scheuerman, Z. Bar-Sever, V. Hoffer, O. Gilad, N. Marcus & B.Z. Garty. (2014) Functional hyposplenism is an important and underdiagnosed immunodeficiency condition in children. Acta Paediatrica 103:9, pages e399-e403.
Crossref
Jeremy M. Wojtowicz & Graham Longden Jones. (2015) Streptococcus pneumoniae–induced purpura fulminans in a woman with functional asplenia. CJEM 16:04, pages 339-342.
Crossref
Valentine Brousse, Pierre Buffet & David Rees. (2014) The spleen and sickle cell disease: the sick(led) spleen. British Journal of Haematology 166:2, pages 165-176.
Crossref
R G Marques, S B S G Lucena, C E R Caetano, V Oliveira de Sousa, M C Portela & A Petroianu. (2014) Blood clearance of Howell–Jolly bodies in an experimental autogenic splenic implant model. British Journal of Surgery 101:7, pages 820-827.
Crossref
Shirley James. (2014) Coeliac disease: a gluten-free commitment. Practice Nursing 25:3, pages 116-123.
Crossref
Maneesh Dave, Treta Purohit, Raymund Razonable & Edward V. LoftusJrJr. (2014) Opportunistic Infections Due to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Therapy. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 20:1, pages 196-212.
Crossref
Jorunn Skattum, Ruth Jeanette Vaaler Loekke, Thomas Larsen Titze, Anne Grete Bechensteen, Ingeborg S. Aaberge, Liv Toril Osnes, Hans Erik Heier, Christine Gaarder & Paal Aksel Naess. (2014) Preserved function after angioembolisation of splenic injury in children and adolescents: A case control study. Injury 45:1, pages 156-159.
Crossref
Weili Bao, Hui Zhong, Deepa Manwani, Ljiljana Vasovic, Joan Uehlinger, Margaret T. Lee, Sujit Sheth, Patricia Shi & Karina Yazdanbakhsh. (2013) Regulatory B-cell compartment in transfused alloimmunized and non-alloimmunized patients with sickle cell disease. American Journal of Hematology 88:9, pages 736-740.
Crossref
István Furka, Norbert Németh & Irén Mikó. (2013) A lép a sebészi kísérletek tükrében. Magyar Sebészet 66:3, pages 156-160.
Crossref
Kirsten S. Adriani, Matthijs C. Brouwer, Arie van der Ende & Diederik van de Beek. (2013) Bacterial Meningitis in Adults After Splenectomy and Hyposplenic States. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 88:6, pages 571-578.
Crossref
Tatsuya Higashi, Satoshi Kimura, Shinsaku Matsumoto, Nagisa Muto, Tomoko Yamanoi, Kosuke Nakamura & Mineo Miyazaki. (2013) Relationship between the appearance of Howell-Jolly bodies and spleen volume calculated by CT. Journal of the Japanese Society of Intensive Care Medicine 20:3, pages 395-399.
Crossref
J Freed, J Talano, T Small, A Ricci & M S Cairo. (2011) Allogeneic cellular and autologous stem cell therapy for sickle cell disease: ‘whom, when and how’. Bone Marrow Transplantation 47:12, pages 1489-1498.
Crossref
Arturo J Martí-Carvajal, Jennifer M Knight-Madden & Maria José Martinez-Zapata. 1996. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
A.J. Jolanda Lammers, Alexander P.N.A. de Porto, Roelof J. Bennink, Ester M.M. van Leeuwen, Bart J. Biemond, J. Carel Goslings, Jan van Marle, Ineke J.M. ten Berge, Peter Speelman & Joost B.L. Hoekstra. (2012) Hyposplenism: Comparison of different methods for determining splenic function. American Journal of Hematology 87:5, pages 484-489.
Crossref
Xian Luo-Owen, Michael J. Pecaut, Asma Rizvi & Daila S. Gridley. (2012) Low-Dose Total-Body γ Irradiation Modulates Immune Response to Acute Proton Radiation. Radiation Research 177:3, pages 251-264.
Crossref
C. Driessen, G. F. Paulus, S. G. Robben, W. E. Tjon a Ten, A. Van den Neucker, B. H. Verhoeven & L. W. E. Van Heurn. (2011) Splenic size after division of the short gastric vessels in Nissen fundoplication in children. Pediatric Surgery International 28:3, pages 235-238.
Crossref
Jorunn Skattum, Thomas Larsen Titze, Johann Baptist Dormagen, Ingeborg S. Aaberge, Anne Grete Bechensteen, Per Ivar Gaarder, Christine Gaarder, Hans Erik Heier & Pål Aksel Næss. (2012) Preserved splenic function after angioembolisation of high grade injury. Injury 43:1, pages 62-66.
Crossref
J Skattum, P A Naess & C Gaarder. (2012) Non-operative management and immune function after splenic injury. British Journal of Surgery 99:Supplement_1, pages 59-65.
Crossref
John M. Davies, Michael P. N. Lewis, Jennie Wimperis, Imran Rafi, Shamez Ladhani & Paula H. B. Bolton‐Maggs. (2011) Review of guidelines for the prevention and treatment of infection in patients with an absent or dysfunctional spleen: Prepared on behalf of the British Committee for Standards in Haematology by a Working Party of the Haemato‐Oncology Task Force. British Journal of Haematology 155:3, pages 308-317.
Crossref
Kari A. SimonsenJoseph I. Harwell & Shabnam Lainwala. (2011) Clinical Presentation and Treatment of Transfusion-Associated Babesiosis in Premature Infants. Pediatrics 128:4, pages e1019-e1024.
Crossref
Thomas Benter, Lothar Klühs & Ulf Teichgräber. (2011) Sonography of the Spleen. Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 30:9, pages 1281-1293.
Crossref
Antonio Di Sabatino, Rita Carsetti & Gino Roberto Corazza. (2011) Post-splenectomy and hyposplenic states. The Lancet 378:9785, pages 86-97.
Crossref
M. Beth McCarvilleZhaoyu LuoXiangke HuangRenee C. ReesZora R. RogersScott T. MillerBruce ThompsonRam KalpatthiWinfred C. Wang. (2011) Abdominal Ultrasound With Scintigraphic and Clinical Correlates in Infants With Sickle Cell Anemia: Baseline Data From the BABY HUG Trial. American Journal of Roentgenology 196:6, pages 1399-1404.
Crossref
D. Monaco, F. Franco, C. Marcato, P. Larini, C. Rossi & A. Volpi. (2011) The role of arterial embolization in blunt splenic injuryIl ruolo dell’embolizzazione percuranea nel trauma splenico sanguinante. La radiologia medica 116:3, pages 454-465.
Crossref
Hiromi Nakagawa, Aya Sasaki, Junko Matsumoto, Akira Morimoto, Kenta Fujiwara, Masami Ishikawa & Tatsuya Higashi. (2011) Two cases of fulminant pneumococcal infection showing confirmation of Howell-Jolly body in peripheral erythrocytes and spleen hypoplasia. Nihon Kyukyu Igakukai Zasshi 22:7, pages 330-336.
Crossref
A. P. N. A. de Porto, A. J. J. Lammers, R. J. Bennink, I. J. M. ten Berge, P. Speelman & J. B. L. Hoekstra. (2010) Assessment of splenic function. European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 29:12, pages 1465-1473.
Crossref
Paul AH Moss. 2010. Postgraduate Haematology. Postgraduate Haematology 368 379 .
Anna J. Battersby, Huxley H.M. Knox‐Macaulay & Enitan D. Carrol. (2010) Susceptibility to invasive bacterial infections in children with sickle cell disease. Pediatric Blood & Cancer 55:3, pages 401-406.
Crossref
Suresh G. Shelat. (2008) Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura and Sickle Cell Crisis. Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis 16:2, pages 224-227.
Crossref
A. Klepfish, Y. Halperin & Ami. Schattner. (2009) Grave's disease and acquired hyposplenism. QJM 103:3, pages 195-197.
Crossref
Catherine Booth, Baba Inusa & Stephen K. Obaro. (2010) Infection in sickle cell disease: A review. International Journal of Infectious Diseases 14:1, pages e2-e12.
Crossref
LARRY I. LUTWICK. 2010. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases 3865 3873 .
Michael J. Burns. 2010. Rosen's Emergency Medicine – Concepts and Clinical Practice. Rosen's Emergency Medicine – Concepts and Clinical Practice 2353 2364 .
P Renzulli, A Hostettler, A M Schoepfer, B Gloor & D Candinas. (2009) Systematic review of atraumatic splenic rupture. British Journal of Surgery 96:10, pages 1114-1121.
Crossref
Sandra L. Moffett. (2009) Overwhelming postsplenectomy infection: Managing patients at risk. Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants 22:7, pages 36-40.
Crossref
Arturo J Martí-Carvajal & Luis H Agreda-Pérez. 1996. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
Manuel Riera, Simon Buczacki & Zulfiqar AJ Khan. (2009) Splenic regeneration following splenectomy and impact on sepsis: a clinical review. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 102:4, pages 139-142.
Crossref
F. Mignon, V. Pelsser, M. El Hajjam & B. Mesurolle. (2009) Imagerie de la rate normale. Méthodes d'exploration. Anomalies de taille, variantes et malformations. EMC - Radiologie et imagerie médicale - Abdominale - Digestive 4:4, pages 1-11.
Crossref
Rana Khatib, Raja Rabah & Sharada A. Sarnaik. (2008) The spleen in the sickling disorders: an update. Pediatric Radiology 39:1, pages 17-22.
Crossref
I Potasman & M Prokocimer. (2008) The added value of peripheral blood cell morphology in the diagnosis and management of infectious diseases—part 2: illustrative cases. Postgraduate Medical Journal 84:997, pages 586-589.
Crossref
Barbara A. Castro. (2008) The immunocompromised pediatric patient and surgery. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology 22:3, pages 611-626.
Crossref
Arturo J Martí-Carvajal, Luis H Agreda-Pérez & Marcela Cortés-Jofré. 1996. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.