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Western Journal of Speech Communication Volume 47, 1983 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

Group communication and problem‐solving effectiveness II: An exploratory investigation of procedural functions

Randy Y. Hirokawa Assistant Professor of Speech Communication, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802
Pages 59-74 | Published online: 06 Jun 2009

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Tamar Ginossar. (2008) Online Participation: A Content Analysis of Differences in Utilization of Two Online Cancer Communities by Men and Women, Patients and Family Members. Health Communication 23:1, pages 1-12.
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Ann Burnett & DianeM. Badzinski. (2000) An exploratory study of argument in the jury decision‐making process. Communication Quarterly 48:4, pages 380-396.
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Al Weitzel & Patricia Geist. (1998) Parliamentary procedure in a community group: Communication and vigilant decision making. Communication Monographs 65:3, pages 244-259.
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MichaelE. Mayer. (1998) Behaviors leading to more effective decisions in small groups embedded in organizations. Communication Reports 11:2, pages 123-132.
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MichaelE. Mayer, KevinT. Sonodas & WilliamB. Gudykunst. (1997) The effect of time pressure and type of information on decision quality. Southern Communication Journal 62:4, pages 280-292.
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ElizabethE. Graham, MichaelJ. Papa & MaryB. McPherson. (1997) An applied test of the functional communication perspective of small group decision‐making. Southern Communication Journal 62:4, pages 269-279.
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KathleenM. Propp & Daniel Nelson. (1996) Problem‐solving performance in naturalistic groups: A test of the ecological validity of the functional perspective. Communication Studies 47:1-2, pages 35-45.
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KathleenM. Propp & KellyM. Julian. (1994) Enhancing accurate information processing: An investigation of verbal information probes in decision making. Communication Reports 7:2, pages 145-152.
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DennisS. Gouran. (1991) Rational approaches to decision‐making and problem‐solving discussion. Quarterly Journal of Speech 77:3, pages 343-358.
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JohnF. Cragan & DavidW. Wright. (1990) Small group communication research of the 1980s: A synthesis and critique. Communication Studies 41:3, pages 212-236.
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J. Kevin Barge. (1989) Leadership as medium: A leaderless group discussion model. Communication Quarterly 37:4, pages 237-247.
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Articles from other publishers (27)

Stephen Choi. (2021) “Better Communication Leads to a Higher Output?” An Analysis of Pair Communication on Pair Programming Productivity. IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication 64:4, pages 338-353.
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A. E. Açar & D. S. Rother. 2011. Advances in Sustainable Manufacturing. Advances in Sustainable Manufacturing 57 62 .
Larry A. ErbertGerri M. Mearns & Samantha Dena. (2016) Perceptions of Turning Points and Dialectical Interpretations in Organizational Team Development. Small Group Research 36:1, pages 21-58.
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Florian Jentsch & Clint Bowers. 2004. Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics Methods. Handbook of Human Factors and Ergonomics Methods 50-1 50-5 .
Gwen M. WittenbaumAndrea B. Hollingshead, Paul B. Paulus, Randy Y. Hirokawa, Deborah G. Ancona, Randall S. Peterson, Karen A. Jehn & Kay Yoon. (2016) The Functional Perspective as a Lens for Understanding Groups. Small Group Research 35:1, pages 17-43.
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Mark Adkins, Michael Burgoon & Jay F. NunamakerJr.Jr.. (2003) Using group support systems for strategic planning with the United States Air Force. Decision Support Systems 34:3, pages 315-337.
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Franziska Tschan. (2016) Ideal Cycles of Communication (or Cognitions) in Triads, Dyads, and Individuals. Small Group Research 33:6, pages 615-643.
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Lise VanderVoort. (2002) Functional and Causal Explanations in Group Communication Research. Communication Theory 12:4, pages 469-486.
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Marc OrlitzkyRandy Y. Hirokawa. (2016) To Err is Human, to Correct for it Divine. Small Group Research 32:3, pages 313-341.
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Karl B. Simmons & Paul H. Arntson. (2016) Evaluating Leadership Training in Decision-making Groups from a Function-based Leadership Perspective. Journal of Leadership Studies 4:4, pages 82-106.
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D.M. Litynski, M. Grabowski & W.A. Wallace. (1997) The relationship between three-dimensional imaging and group decision making: an exploratory study. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics - Part A: Systems and Humans 27:4, pages 402-411.
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ABRAN J. SALAZAR. (1996) Ambiguity and Communication Effects on Small Group Decision-Making Performance. Human Communication Research 23:2, pages 155-192.
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Randy Y. Hirokawa. (2016) Functional Approaches to the Study of Group Discussion. Small Group Research 25:4, pages 542-550.
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Charles Pavitt. (2016) Theoretical Commitments Presupposed by Functional Approaches to Group Discussion. Small Group Research 25:4, pages 520-541.
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ABRAN J. SALAZAR, RANDY Y. HIROKAWA, KATHLEEN M. PROPP, KELLY M. JULIAN & GEOFF B. LEATHAM. (1994) In Search of True Causes:.. Human Communication Research 20:4, pages 529-599.
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Charles Pavht. (2016) What (Little) We Know about Formal Group Discussion Procedures. Small Group Research 24:2, pages 217-235.
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J. Fjermestad, S.R. Hiltz & M. Turoff. (1993) An integrated framework for the study of group decision support systems. An integrated framework for the study of group decision support systems.
Randy Y. Hirokawa & Kathryn M. Rost. (2016) Effective Group Decision Making in Organizations. Management Communication Quarterly 5:3, pages 267-288.
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Patricia M. Fandt. (2016) The Relationship of Accountability and Interdependent Behavior to Enhancing Team Consequences. Group & Organization Studies 16:3, pages 300-312.
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Edward A. Mabry & Mark Duke Atiridge. (2016) Small Group Interaction and Outcome Correlates for Structured and Unstructured Tasks. Small Group Research 21:3, pages 315-332.
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MICHAEL J. BEATTY. (1989) Group Members' Decision Rule Orientations and Consensus. Human Communication Research 16:2, pages 279-296.
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Randy Y. Hirokawa & Dennis S. Gouran. (2016) Facilitation of Group Communication. Management Communication Quarterly 3:1, pages 71-92.
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Ilze Zigurs. (1989) Interaction analysis in GDSS research: description of an experience and some recommendations. Decision Support Systems 5:2, pages 233-241.
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Warren E. Watson & Larry K. Michaelsen. (2016) Group Interaction Behaviors that Affect Group Performance on an I ntellective Task. Group & Organization Studies 13:4, pages 495-516.
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RANDY Y. HIROKAWA. (1988) Group Communication and Decision-Making Performance A Continued Test of the Functional Perspective. Human Communication Research 14:4, pages 487-515.
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Rolaynes. DeStephen & Randy Y. Hirokawa. (2016) Small Group Consensus. Small Group Behavior 19:2, pages 227-239.
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RANDY Y. HIROKAWA. (1985) DISCUSSION PROCEDURES AND DECISION-MAKING PERFORMANCE.. Human Communication Research 12:2, pages 203-224.
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