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Anxiety, Stress, & Coping
An International Journal
Volume 23, 2010 - Issue 1
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Original Articles

The importance of the repressive coping style: findings from 30 years of research

Pages 3-17 | Received 13 Jul 2009, Published online: 26 Oct 2009

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (14)

Thomas Swan & Jamin Halberstadt. (2021) God’s plan? The role of emotional repression in forming and sustaining religious beliefs. Religion, Brain & Behavior 11:4, pages 403-423.
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Olivier Luminet, Kristy A. Nielson & Nathan Ridout. (2021) Having no words for feelings: alexithymia as a fundamental personality dimension at the interface of cognition and emotion. Cognition and Emotion 35:3, pages 435-448.
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Myoungju Shin & Eva Kemps. (2020) Media multitasking as an avoidance coping strategy against emotionally negative stimuli. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 33:4, pages 440-451.
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María Márquez-González, Isabel Cabrera, Andrés Losada & Bob G. Knight. (2018) Attentional avoidant biases as mediators in the association between experiential avoidance and blood pressure in dementia family caregivers. Aging & Mental Health 22:5, pages 669-677.
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Justin C. Hulbert, Zall Hirschstein, Clarence A. L. Brontë & Eleanor Broughton. (2018) Unintended side effects of a spotless mind: theory and practice. Memory 26:3, pages 306-320.
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James Erskine, Lia Kvavilashvili, Lynn Myers, Sarah Leggett, Steve Davies, Syd Hiskey, Joanna Hogg, Sophia Yeo & George Georgiou. (2016) A longitudinal investigation of repressive coping and ageing. Aging & Mental Health 20:10, pages 1010-1020.
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Andreas R. Schwerdtfeger & Eva-Maria Rathner. (2016) The ecological validity of the autonomic-subjective response dissociation in repressive coping. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 29:3, pages 241-258.
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Marilyn Mendolia. (2016) Repressors benefit from reappraising a threatening emotional event. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 29:1, pages 80-99.
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James J. Walsh, Maria A. McNally, Ancy Skariah, Ayesha A. Butt & Michael W. Eysenck. (2015) Interpretive bias, repressive coping, and trait anxiety. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 28:6, pages 617-633.
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Claudia Lardi, Paolo Ghisletta & Martial Van der Linden. (2012) What is the Nature of the Self-defining Memories of Repression-prone Individuals?. Self and Identity 11:4, pages 492-515.
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NiamhM. Higgins & BrianM. Hughes. (2012) Individual differences in the impact of attentional bias training on cardiovascular responses to stress in women. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 25:4, pages 381-395.
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Dalia Cahana-Amitay, MartinL. Albert, Sung-Bom Pyun, Andrew Westwood, Theodore Jenkins, Sarah Wolford & Mallory Finley. (2011) Language as a stressor in aphasia. Aphasiology 25:5, pages 593-614.
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Isabelle Soucy Chartier, Patrick Gaudreau & Marie-Claude Fecteau. (2011) From dispositional affect to academic goal attainment: the mediating role of coping. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping 24:1, pages 43-58.
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Articles from other publishers (58)

Danielle A Ruskin, Stella Dentakos, Stephanie Craig, Fiona Campbell, Lisa Isaac, Jennifer Stinson, Jennifer Tyrrell, Rachael E Lyon, Kathleen O’Connor & Stephen C Brown. (2022) Don’t judge a book by its cover: Exploring low self-reported distress and repressive coping in a pediatric chronic pain population. Journal of Child Health Care 27:4, pages 693-706.
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Anna Exner, Alla Machulska, Tobias Stalder & Tim Klucken. (2022) Biased information processing and anxiety coping: differences in attentional and approach patterns towards positive cues in repressors. Current Psychology 42:34, pages 30412-30421.
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Henry J. Beevor, Annie T. Ginty, Jet J. C. S. Veldhuijzen van Zanten & Sarah E. Williams. (2023) Mastery imagery ability moderates the relationship between heart rate reactivity to acute psychological stress and perceptions of stress and physiological arousal. Psychophysiology.
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Anna Exner, Miriam Kampa, Johannes B. Finke, Tobias Stalder, Holger Klapperich, Marc Hassenzahl, Kristian Kleinke & Tim Klucken. (2023) Repressive and vigilant coping styles in stress and relaxation: evidence for physiological and subjective differences at baseline, but not for differential stress or relaxation responses. Frontiers in Psychology 14.
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Zoha Saeedi, Nima Ghorbani, Arista Shojaeddin & Mahdi Reza Sarafraz. (2022) The experience of pain among patients who suffer from chronic pain: The role of suppression and mindfulness in the pain sensitivity and the autonomic nervous system activity. Current Psychology 42:18, pages 15539-15548.
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Simeng Gu, Yao Jiang, Mei Liu, Yumeng Li, Yuan Liang, Rou Feng, Minghong Xu, Fushun Wang & Jason H. Huang. (2023) Eye movements and ERP biomarkers for face processing problems in avoidant attachment-style individuals. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience 17.
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Vivien Günther, Mariia Strukova, Jonas Pecher, Carolin Webelhorst, Simone Engelmann, Anette Kersting, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Boris Egloff, Hadas Okon-Singer, Donald Lobsien & Thomas Suslow. (2023) Cognitive Avoidance Is Associated with Decreased Brain Responsiveness to Threat Distractors under High Perceptual Load. Brain Sciences 13:4, pages 618.
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Antonia Barranca-Enríquez & Tania Romo-González. (2022) Your health is in your mouth: A comprehensive view to promote general wellness. Frontiers in Oral Health 3.
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Kathy Bélanger & Isabelle Blanchette. (2021) Stressful Life Events Are Related to More Negative Interpretations, but Not Under Acute Stress. Psychological Reports 125:4, pages 1988-2008.
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Vivien Günther, Salome Jahn, Carolin Webelhorst, Charlott Maria Bodenschatz, Anna Bujanow, Simone Mucha, Anette Kersting, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Boris Egloff, Donald Lobsien & Thomas Suslow. (2022) Coping With Anxiety: Brain Structural Correlates of Vigilance and Cognitive Avoidance. Frontiers in Psychiatry 13.
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Rainer Weber, Johannes C. Ehrenthal, Evamarie Brock-Midding, Sarah Halbach, Rachel Würstlein, Christoph Kowalski & Nicole Ernstmann. (2021) Defense Mechanisms and Repressive Coping Among Male Breast Cancer Patients. Frontiers in Psychiatry 12.
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Noga Tsur, Carmit Katz & Anat Talmon. (2021) The shielding effect of not responding: Peritraumatic responses to child abuse and their links to posttraumatic symptomatology. Child Abuse & Neglect 121, pages 105224.
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Noga Tsur & Hisham Abu-Raiya. (2020) COVID-19-related fear and stress among individuals who experienced child abuse: The mediating effect of complex posttraumatic stress disorder. Child Abuse & Neglect 110, pages 104694.
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Zoha Saeedi, Nima Ghorbani, Mahdi R. Sarafraz & Tahereh Karami Shoar. (2018) A bias of self‐reports among repressors: Examining the evidence for the validity of self‐relevant and health‐relevant personal reports. International Journal of Psychology 55:1, pages 76-82.
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Carolyn Korbel & Sonia Matwin. 2020. Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine 609 611 .
Jacqui R. Clark, Jo Nijs, Gillian Yeowell, Paul Holmes & Peter C. Goodwin. (2019) Trait Sensitivity, Anxiety, and Personality Are Predictive of Central Sensitization Symptoms in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain. Pain Practice 19:8, pages 800-810.
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Jacqui R. Clark, Peter C. Goodwin & Gillian Yeowell. (2019) Exploring the pre-morbid contexts in which central sensitisation developed in individuals with non-specific chronic low back pain. A qualitative study. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy 23:6, pages 516-526.
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Anne Steenbakkers, Steffie van der Steen & Hans Grietens. (2019) How do youth in foster care view the impact of traumatic experiences?. Children and Youth Services Review 103, pages 42-50.
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A. Oskis, N. Smyth, M. Flynn & A. Clow. (2019) Repressors exhibit lower cortisol reactivity to group psychosocial stress. Psychoneuroendocrinology 103, pages 33-40.
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Joanna Zinczuk-Zielazna, Paweł Kleka & Monika Obrębska. (2018) Verbal fluency and emotional expression in young women differing in their styles of coping with threatening stimuli. Current Issues in Personality Psychology 6:4, pages 330-342.
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Thomas R Lynch, Roelie J Hempel, Ben Whalley, Sarah Byford, Rampaul Chamba, Paul Clarke, Susan Clarke, David Kingdon, Heather O’Mahen, Bob Remington, Sophie C Rushbrook, James Shearer, Maggie Stanton, Michaela Swales, Alan Watkins & Ian T Russell. (2018) Radically open dialectical behaviour therapy for refractory depression: the RefraMED RCT. Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation 5:7, pages 1-112.
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Carsten Spitzer, Oliver Masuhr, Ulrich Jaeger & Sebastian Euler. (2018) PseudogesundePatients with illusory mental health. Psychotherapeut 63:6, pages 483-490.
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Matthias R. Hastall & Anna J. M. Wagner. (2018) Enhancing Selective Exposure to Health Messages and Health Intentions. Journal of Media Psychology 30:4, pages 217-231.
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Jacqui R. Clark, Gillian Yeowell & Peter C. Goodwin. (2018) Trait anxiety and sensory processing profile characteristics in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain and central sensitisation - A pilot observational study. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies 22:4, pages 909-916.
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Tania Romo-González, Armando J. Martínez, María del Rocío Hernández-Pozo, Gabriel Gutiérrez-Ospina & Carlos Larralde. (2018) Psychological Features of Breast Cancer in Mexican Women I: Personality Traits and Stress Symptoms. Advances in Neuroimmune Biology 7:1, pages 3-15.
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Zoe C. Franklin & Neil. E. Fowler. (2018) Defensive High-Anxious Individuals Demonstrate Difference Responses to Pain Management to Those with Lower Levels of Defensiveness and Anxiety. Pain Practice 18:2, pages 214-223.
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Carl-Walter Kohlmann & Heike Eschenbeck. 2018. Handbuch Stressregulation und Sport. Handbuch Stressregulation und Sport 51 66 .
Changiz Mohiyeddini. (2017) Repressive coping among British college women: A potential protective factor against body image concerns, drive for thinness, and bulimia symptoms. Body Image 22, pages 39-47.
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Sandra Verhülsdonk, Christian Lange-Asschenfeldt, Barbara Höft, Holger Schwender, Tillmann Supprian, Florence Hellen & Elke Kalbe. (2017) Repressive Coping Does Not Contribute to Anosognosia in First-Diagnosis Patients With Alzheimer Disease. Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders 31:3, pages 249-255.
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Monika Obrębska & Joanna Zinczuk-Zielazna. (2017) Explainers as an Indicator of Defensive Attitude to Experienced Anxiety in Young Women Differing in Their Styles of Coping with Threatening Stimuli. Psychology of Language and Communication 21:1, pages 34-50.
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Carl-Walter Kohlmann & Heike Eschenbeck. 2017. Handbuch Stressregulation und Sport. Handbuch Stressregulation und Sport 1 22 .
Joanna Zinczuk-Zielazna & Monika Obrębska. (2016) Styles of coping and the level of dogmatism in utterance texts as an indicator of anxiety in situations of social exposure. Polish Psychological Bulletin 47:4, pages 402-411.
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Lorie L. Geryk, Susan J. Blalock, Robert F. DeVellis, Joanne M. Jordan, Paul K. J. Han & Delesha M. Carpenter. (2016) Medication-related Self-management Behaviors among Arthritis Patients: Does Attentional Coping Style Matter?. The Open Rheumatology Journal 10:1, pages 60-70.
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Zoe C. Franklin, Nickolas C. Smith & Neil E. Fowler. (2015) Influence of Defensiveness on Disability in a Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain Population. Pain Practice 16:7, pages 882-889.
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Erin A.K. Truong, KayLoni L. Olson & Charles F. Emery. (2016) Repressive coping, stigmatization, psychological distress, and quality of life among behavioral weight management participants. Eating Behaviors 22, pages 206-210.
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Carl-Walter Kohlmann & Heike Eschenbeck. 2017. Handbuch Stressregulation und Sport. Handbuch Stressregulation und Sport 1 22 .
Andreas R. Schwerdtfeger, Hubert Scharnagl, Tatjana Stojakovic & Eva-Maria Rathner. (2014) Cognitive Avoidant Coping Is Associated with Higher Carotid Intima Media Thickness Among Middle-Aged Adults. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 22:5, pages 597-604.
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Lynn B. Myers & Nazanin Derakshan. (2015) The relationship between two types of impaired emotion processing: repressive coping and alexithymia. Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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Antony C. Moss, James A.K. Erskine, Ian P. Albery, James Richard Allen & George J. Georgiou. (2015) To suppress, or not to suppress? That is repression: Controlling intrusive thoughts in addictive behaviour. Addictive Behaviors 44, pages 65-70.
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Injeong Lee. (2014) The Effects of Stressors and Coping on Depression of the Oldest Old. Health and Social Welfare Review 34:4, pages 264-294.
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Emilia Soroko. (2014) Identifying indicators of defensive activity in narration about important interpersonal relations. Current Issues in Personality Psychology 2:3, pages 149-163.
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Z.C. Franklin, N.C. Smith & N.E. Fowler. (2014) Defensive high-anxious individuals with chronic back pain demonstrate different treatment choices and patient persistence. Personality and Individual Differences 64, pages 84-88.
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Jinhee Kim, Jung-Hyun Kim & Mihye Seo. (2014) Toward a Person × Situation Model of Selective Exposure. Journal of Media Psychology 26:2, pages 59-69.
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Katarzyna Poniatowska-Leszczyńska & Joanna Zinczuk-Zielazna. (2014) Mechanizm wyparcia – teoria i badania. Postępy Psychiatrii i Neurologii 23:2, pages 117-123.
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Claudia Gebhardt, Norman Rose & Kristin Mitte. (2014) Fact or artefact: an item response theory analysis of median split based repressor classification. British Journal of Health Psychology 19:1, pages 36-51.
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Janine Giese-Davis, Rie Tamagawa, Maya Yutsis, Suzanne Twirbutt, Karen Piemme, Eric Neri, C. Barr Taylor & David Spiegel. (2012) Which symptoms matter? Self-report and observer discrepancies in repressors and high-anxious women with metastatic breast cancer. Journal of Behavioral Medicine 37:1, pages 22-36.
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Thomas Hyphantis, Panagiota Goulia & Andre F. Carvalho. (2013) Personality traits, defense mechanisms and hostility features associated with somatic symptom severity in both health and disease. Journal of Psychosomatic Research 75:4, pages 362-369.
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Thomas Hyphantis, Ilias Papadimitriou, Dimitrios Petrakis, George Fountzilas, Dimitra Repana, Konstantinos Assimakopoulos, André F. Carvalho & Nicholas Pavlidis. (2013) Psychiatric manifestations, personality traits and health-related quality of life in cancer of unknown primary site. Psycho-Oncology 22:9, pages 2009-2015.
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Rie Tamagawa, Janine Giese‐Davis, Michael Speca, Richard Doll, Joanne Stephen & Linda E. Carlson. (2012) Trait Mindfulness, Repression, Suppression, and Self‐Reported Mood and Stress Symptoms Among Women With Breast Cancer. Journal of Clinical Psychology 69:3, pages 264-277.
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Julia Huemer, Sabine Völkl-Kernstock, Niranjan Karnik, Katherine G. Denny, Elisabeth Granditsch, Michaela Mitterer, Keith Humphreys, Belinda Plattner, Max Friedrich, Richard J. Shaw & Hans Steiner. (2012) Personality and Psychopathology in African Unaccompanied Refugee Minors: Repression, Resilience and Vulnerability. Child Psychiatry & Human Development 44:1, pages 39-50.
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Elke Geraerts, Barbara Dritschel, Ute Kreplin, Liv Miyagawa & Joanne Waddington. (2012) Reduced specificity of negative autobiographical memories in repressive coping. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry 43, pages S32-S36.
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Gabi Aisenberg Romano, Hila Ravid, Inbar Zaig, Shaul Schreiber, Foad Azem, Izhak Shachar & Miki Bloch. (2012) The psychological profile and affective response of women diagnosed with unexplained infertility undergoing in vitro fertilization. Archives of Women's Mental Health 15:6, pages 403-411.
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Victoria Gabriele Paul, Astrid Veronika Rauch, Harald Kugel, Lena ter Horst, Jochen Bauer, Udo Dannlowski, Patricia Ohrmann, Christian Lindner, Uta-Susan Donges, Anette Kersting, Boris Egloff & Thomas Suslow. (2012) High responsivity to threat during the initial stage of perception in repression: a 3 T fMRI study. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience 7:8, pages 980-990.
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Nathan S. Consedine, Carol Magai, David Horton & William M. Brown. (2011) The Affective Paradox. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 43:5, pages 723-741.
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Sandra E. Lewis, Neil E. Fowler, Steve R. Woby & Paul S. Holmes. (2012) Defensive coping styles, anxiety and chronic low back pain. Physiotherapy 98:1, pages 86-88.
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Ezat Deyreh. (2012) Comparison between High School Students in Cognitive and Affective Coping Strategies. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 46, pages 289-293.
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Andreas Dinkel, Gerhard Henrich & Peter Herschbach. (2011) Copingeffektivität und Progredienzangst bei Krebskranken. Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie 19:1, pages 35-42.
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Hamid Bahramizade & Mohammad Ali Besharat. (2010) The impact of styles of coping with stress on sport achievement. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 5, pages 764-769.
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