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Anxiety, Stress, & Coping
An International Journal
Volume 32, 2019 - Issue 3
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ARTICLES

No pain, no gain: cross-lagged analyses of posttraumatic growth and anxiety, depression, posttraumatic stress and prolonged grief symptoms after loss

Maarten C. EismaDepartment of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the NetherlandsCorrespondence[email protected]
ORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-6109-2274View further author information
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Lonneke I. M. LenferinkDepartment of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands;Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-1329-6413View further author information
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Margaret S. StroebeDepartment of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands;Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0002-8468-3317View further author information
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Paul A. BoelenDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands;Arq Psychotrauma Expert Group, Diemen, the NetherlandsORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0003-4125-4739View further author information
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Henk A. W. SchutDepartment of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the NetherlandsORCID Iconhttp://orcid.org/0000-0001-8744-4322View further author information
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Pages 231-243 | Received 29 May 2018, Accepted 18 Jan 2019, Published online: 22 Feb 2019

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Tabea Wolf & Justina Pociunaite. (2023) Personal reminiscence styles and adaptation to bereavement: how meaning mediates their relationship. Aging & Mental Health 27:8, pages 1600-1608.
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Aiyi Liu, Boya Xu, Mingxiao Liu, Wenchao Wang & Xinchun Wu. (2023) The reciprocal relations among self-compassion, posttraumatic stress disorder, and posttraumatic growth among adolescents after the Jiuzhaigou earthquake: a three-wave cross-lagged study. Journal of Mental Health 32:3, pages 634-642.
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Ningning Zhou, Yue Sun, Zhuang She, Xin Xu, Yanan Peng, Xinyang Liu & Juzhe Xi. (2022) Grief and growth among Chinese parents who lost their only child: the role of positive and negative experiences of social support from different sources. European Journal of Psychotraumatology 13:1.
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Cyrille Kossigan Kokou-Kpolou, Kouami Adansikou, Sunyoung Park, Saba Hajizadeh, Steven Kator Iorfa & Jude Mary Cénat. (2022) Prolonged grief and posttraumatic growth among middle-aged and older widowed persons: A latent class analysis and testing for the role of social support. Death Studies 46:6, pages 1401-1413.
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Yossi Levi-Belz. (2022) Longitudinal Intercorrelations between Complicated Grief and Posttraumatic Growth among Suicide Survivors. Archives of Suicide Research 26:2, pages 677-691.
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Leonardo M. Leiderman & Robert H. Klein. (2022) An Integrative Systems-Oriented Interpersonal/Relational Group Approach to Understanding and Treating Mass Trauma, Dissociation and Enactments During the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy 72:1, pages 34-63.
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Atle Dyregrov & Kari Dyregrov. (2019) Positive growth following trauma – clinical perspectives. Bereavement Care 38:2-3, pages 109-114.
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Articles from other publishers (25)

Patricia Blickle, Martina E. Schmidt & Karen Steindorf. (2024) Post-traumatic growth in cancer survivors: What is its extent and what are important determinants?. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology 24:1, pages 100418.
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Hiroyuki Hikichi, Koichiro Shiba, Jun Aida, Katsunori Kondo & Ichiro Kawachi. (2023) Association between sense of coherence and health and well-being among older survivors of a natural disaster: a prospective outcome-wide study. Scientific Reports 13:1.
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Lingling Guo & Lulu Liang. (2023) Physical activity as a causal variable for adolescent resilience levels: A cross-lagged analysis. Frontiers in Psychology 14.
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Emily P. Rabinowitz, MacKenzie A. Sayer, Alexis L. Richeson, Marielle R. Samii, Lindsay A. Kutash & Douglas L. Delahanty. (2023) 50 Years After Political Protest Violence, Posttraumatic Growth is Associated with PTSD and Anxiety but not Depression or Sleep Difficulties. International Journal of Applied Positive Psychology.
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Diana Moreira, Andreia Azeredo, Diana Sá Moreira, Marisalva Fávero & Valéria Sousa-Gomes. (2023) Why Does Grief Hurt?. European Psychologist 28:1, pages 35-52.
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Wenli Qian, Renzhihui Tang, Keyuan Jiao, Xin Xu, Xinyan Zou & Jianping Wang. (2022) Growing in Suffering: The Curvilinear Relationship Between Prolonged Grief and Post-traumatic Growth of Recently Bereaved Individual During the COVID-19 Pandemic. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, pages 003022282211419.
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Howard Osofsky, Joy Osofsky, Leia Y. Saltzman, Estilla Lightfoot, Jule De King & Tonya C. Hansel. (2022) Mechanisms of recovery: Community perceptions of change and growth following multiple disasters. Frontiers in Psychology 13.
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Cyrille Kossigan Kokou‐Kpolou, Lonneke I. M. Lenferink, Alice Einloft Brunnet, Sunyoung Park, Olga Megalakaki, Paul Boelen & Jude Mary Cénat. (2022) The ICD‐11 and DSM‐5‐TR prolonged grief criteria: Validation of the Traumatic Grief Inventory‐Self Report Plus using exploratory factor analysis and item response theory. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy 29:6, pages 1950-1962.
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Robert Hurst & Chathurika Kannangara. (2022) Post-traumatic growth from grief – a narrative literature review. Mental Health and Social Inclusion.
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Gabriel Baník, Mária Dědová & Lenka Vargová. (2022) Cancer-related posttraumatic growth and posttraumatic stress: how are they connected and what are their correlates?. Supportive Care in Cancer 30:10, pages 8183-8192.
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Zhengmao Guo, Jian Yang, Ming Wu, Yatao Xu, Shuang Chen & Shouming Li. (2022) The associations among athlete gratitude, athlete engagement, athlete burnout: A cross-lagged study in China. Frontiers in Psychology 13.
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Zbigniew Łoś, Magdalena Żurko, Aleksandra Słowińska, Alicja Senejko & Kamila Madeja-Bień. (2022) Pandemic-activated Psychological Growth: Significance of extraversion, self-consciousness and COVID-19 related anxiety. Current Issues in Personality Psychology.
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Keren Hanetz-Gamliel. (2022) Associations Between the Cause of Loved One’s Death, Mourner’s Psychological Distress and Ongoing Relationship With the Deceased, and Mourner’s Posttraumatic Growth. OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying, pages 003022282110683.
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Markita SuttleMark W. HallMurray M. PollackRobert A. BergPatrick S. McQuillenPeter M. MouraniAnil SapruJoseph A. CarcilloEmily StartupRichard HolubkovDaniel A. NottermanGillian ColvilleKathleen L. MeertWhit Coleman, Stephanie Dorton, Nael Abdelsamad, Kylee Arbogast, Kristi Flick, Ann Pawluszka, Melanie Lulic, Carolann Twelves, Mary Ann DiLiberto, Elyse Tomanio, Katherine Stone, Kathryn Malone, Diane Ladell, Ruth Grosskreuz, Lisa Steele, Maggie Flowers, Anna Ratiu, Tanaya Deshmukh, Anne McKenzie, Yensy Zetino & Leighann Koch. (2022) Post-Traumatic Growth in Parents following Their Child's Death in a Pediatric Intensive Care Unit. Journal of Palliative Medicine 25:2, pages 265-273.
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Chuqian Chen & Amy Yin Man Chow. (2021) Assessment of professional bereavement: The development and validation of the Professional Bereavement Scale. Palliative and Supportive Care 20:1, pages 4-14.
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Guangzhe Frank Yuan, Wei Shi, Jon D. Elhai, Christian Montag, Kay Chang, Todd Jackson & Brian J. Hall. (2022) Gaming to cope: Applying network analysis to understand the relationship between posttraumatic stress symptoms and internet gaming disorder symptoms among disaster-exposed Chinese young adults. Addictive Behaviors 124, pages 107096.
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Elizabeth A. Thomas, Gina P. Owens & Emily M. Keller. (2021) Relationships among non‐interpersonal and interpersonal trauma types, posttraumatic stress, and posttraumatic growth. Journal of Clinical Psychology 77:11, pages 2592-2608.
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A.A.A.Manik J. Djelantik, Putu Aryani, Paul A. Boelen, Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana & Rolf J. Kleber. (2021) Prolonged grief disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and depression following traffic accidents among bereaved Balinese family members: Prevalence, latent classes and cultural correlates. Journal of Affective Disorders 292, pages 773-781.
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Maarten C. Eisma, Kai Epstude, Henk A.W. Schut, Margaret S. Stroebe, Adriana Simion & Paul A. Boelen. (2021) Upward and Downward Counterfactual Thought After Loss: A Multiwave Controlled Longitudinal Study. Behavior Therapy 52:3, pages 577-593.
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Claudia Zavala & Lea Waters. (2020) Coming Out as LGBTQ +: The Role Strength-Based Parenting on Posttraumatic Stress and Posttraumatic Growth. Journal of Happiness Studies 22:3, pages 1359-1383.
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Bo YAN, Raymond S.K. LO & Amy Y.M. CHOW. (2021) The role of post-loss anxiety in the development of depressive symptoms and complicated grief symptoms: a longitudinal SEM study. Journal of Affective Disorders 281, pages 649-656.
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Jie Li, Yihua Sun, Fiona Maccallum & Amy Y. M. Chow. (2021) Depression, Anxiety and Post-traumatic Growth Among Bereaved Adults: A Latent Class Analysis. Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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Xin Xu, Jun Wen, Ningning Zhou, Guangyuan Shi, Renzhihui Tang, Jianping Wang & Natalia A. Skritskaya. (2020) Grief and Posttraumatic Growth Among Chinese Bereaved Parents Who Lost Their Only Child: The Moderating Role of Interpersonal Loss. Frontiers in Psychology 11.
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Iuliia Pavlova, Dmytro Zikrach, Dariusz Mosler, Dorota Ortenburger, Tomasz Góra & Jacek Wąsik. (2020) Determinants of anxiety levels among young males in a threat of experiencing military conflict–Applying a machine-learning algorithm in a psychosociological study. PLOS ONE 15:10, pages e0239749.
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Richard Neugebauer, Priya Wickramaratne, Connie Svob, Clayton H. McClintock, Marc J. Gameroff, Lisa Miller & Anne Conway. (2020) Contribution of religion/spirituality and major depressive disorder to altruism. Journal of Affective Disorders 262, pages 16-22.
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