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Prehospital Emergency Care Volume 12, 2008 - Issue 4
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Focus On Trauma

Establishing the Need for Trauma Center Care: Anatomic Injury or Resource Use?

Craig D. Newgard Center for Policy andResearch in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
, MD, MPH,
Jerris R. Hedges Center for Policy andResearch in Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
, MD, MS,
Brian Diggs Department of Surgery, Trauma/Critical Care Section, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
, PhD &
Richard J. Mullins Department of Surgery, Trauma/Critical Care Section, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
, MD
Pages 451-458 | Received 25 Jun 2007, Accepted 02 May 2008, Published online: 02 Jul 2009

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Michael T. Cudnik, Howard A. Werman, Lynn J. White & Judy M. Opalek. (2012) Prehospital Factors Associated with Mortality in Injured Air Medical Patients. Prehospital Emergency Care 16:1, pages 121-127.
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Ross J. Fleischman, K. John McConnell, Annette L. Adams, Jerris R. Hedges & Craig D. Newgard. (2010) Injury Hospitalization as a Marker for Emergency Medical Services Use in Elderly Patients. Prehospital Emergency Care 14:4, pages 425-432.
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Robin D. Lokerman, Eveline A. J. van Rein, Job F. Waalwijk, Rogier van der Sluijs, Roderick M. Houwert, Koen W. W. Lansink, Michael J. R. Edwards, Risco van Vliet, Thijs F. Verhagen, Nicolette Diets-Veenendaal, Luke P. H. Leenen & Mark van Heijl. (2023) Accuracy of Prehospital Triage of Adult Patients With Traumatic Injuries Following Implementation of a Trauma Triage Intervention. JAMA Network Open 6:4, pages e236805.
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Roxane Beaumont-Boileau, Alexandra Nadeau, Pier-Alexandre Tardif, Christian Malo, Marcel Emond, Lynne Moore, Julien Clément & Eric Mercier. (2023) Performance of a provincial prehospital trauma triage protocol: A retrospective audit. Trauma, pages 146040862311562.
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Karan Patel, Michael Joseph Diaz, Kamil Taneja, Sai Batchu, Alex Zhang, Aleem Mohamed, Jared Wolfe & Urvish K. Patel. (2023) Predictors of inpatient admission likelihood and prolonged length of stay among cerebrovascular disease patients: A nationwide emergency department sample analysis. Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 32:3, pages 106983.
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Job F. Waalwijk, Robin D. Lokerman, Rogier van der Sluijs, Audrey A. A. Fiddelers, Dennis den Hartog, Luke P. H. Leenen, Martijn Poeze & Mark van Heijl. (2022) The influence of inter-hospital transfers on mortality in severely injured patients. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 49:1, pages 441-449.
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Pascale Coulombe, Pier-Alexandre Tardif, Alexandra Nadeau, Roxane Beaumont-Boileau, Christian Malo, Marcel Emond, Pierre-Gilles Blanchard, Lynne Moore & Eric Mercier. (2022) Accuracy of Prehospital Trauma Triage to Select Older Adults Requiring Urgent and Specialized Trauma Care. Journal of Surgical Research 275, pages 281-290.
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Job F Waalwijk, Robin D Lokerman, Rogier van der Sluijs, Audrey A A Fiddelers, Luke P H Leenen, Martijn Poeze & Mark van Heijl. (2022) Evaluating the effect of driving distance to the nearest higher level trauma centre on undertriage: a cohort study. Emergency Medicine Journal 39:6, pages 457-462.
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Job F. Waalwijk, Robin D. Lokerman, Rogier van der Sluijs, Audrey A. A. Fiddelers, Luke P. H. Leenen, Mark van Heijl, Martijn Poeze, Koen W. W. Lansink, Mariska A. C. de Jongh, Dennis den Hartog, Jens A. Halm, Georgios F. Giannakópoulos, Michael J. R. Edwards, Pierre M. van Grunsven, Wim Breeman, Risco van Vliet, Thijs F. Verhagen, Margreet W. M. J. Hoogeveen & Leontien M. Sturms. (2021) Priority accuracy by dispatch centers and Emergency Medical Services professionals in trauma patients: a cohort study. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery 48:2, pages 1111-1120.
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Gordon Fuller, Samuel Keating, Janette Turner, Josh Miller, Chris Holt, Jason E. Smith & Fiona Lecky. (2021) Injured patients who would benefit from expedited major trauma centre care: a consensus-based definition for the United Kingdom. British Paramedic Journal 6:3, pages 7-14.
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Leontien M. Sturms, Mitchell L.S. Driessen, David van Klaveren, Henk-Jan ten Duis, Geert Jan Kommer, Frank W. Bloemers, Dennis den Hartog, Michael J. Edwards, Peter A. Leenhouts, S. van Zutphen, Inger B. Schipper, Richard Spanjersberg, Klaus W. Wendt, Ralph J. de Wit, Martijn Poeze, Luke P. Leenen & Mariska de Jongh. (2021) Dutch trauma system performance: Are injured patients treated at the right place?. Injury 52:7, pages 1688-1696.
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Andrew-Paul Deeb, Heather M. Phelos, Andrew B. Peitzman, Timothy R. Billiar, Jason L. Sperry & Joshua B. Brown. (2021) Making the call in the field: Validating emergency medical services identification of anatomic trauma triage criteria. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery 90:6, pages 967-972.
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Andrew–Paul Deeb, Heather M. Phelos, Andrew B. Peitzman, Timothy R. Billiar, Jason L. Sperry & Joshua B. Brown. (2021) The Whole is Greater Than the Sum of its Parts: GCS Versus GCS-Motor for Triage in Geriatric Trauma. Journal of Surgical Research 261, pages 385-393.
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James Vassallo, Gordon Fuller & Jason E Smith. (2020) Relationship between the Injury Severity Score and the need for life-saving interventions in trauma patients in the UK. Emergency Medicine Journal, pages emermed-2019-209092.
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Rogier van der Sluijs, Robin D Lokerman, Job F Waalwijk, Mariska A C de Jongh, Michael J R Edwards, Dennis den Hartog, Georgios F Giannakópoulos, Pierre M van Grunsven, Martijn Poeze, Luke P H Leenen, Mark van Heijl, Koen W.W. Lansink, Wim Breeman, Timo Bevelander, Arjen Siegers, Risco van Vliet, Thijs M.F. Verhagen, Margreet W.M.J. Hoogeveen & Leontien M. Sturms. (2020) Accuracy of pre-hospital trauma triage and field triage decision rules in children (P2-T2 study): an observational study. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health 4:4, pages 290-298.
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Rogier van der Sluijs, Thomas P. A. Debray, Martijn Poeze, Loek P. H. Leenen & Mark van Heijl. (2019) Development and validation of a novel prediction model to identify patients in need of specialized trauma care during field triage: design and rationale of the GOAT study. Diagnostic and Prognostic Research 3:1.
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Katherine He, Peng Zhang & Stewart C. Wang. (2019) Crash Telemetry-Based Injury Severity Prediction is Equivalent to or Out-Performs Field Protocols in Triage of Planar Vehicle Collisions. Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 34:04, pages 356-362.
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Ryan M. Boudreau, Erika O'Neal, Kelly M. Besl, Shelley J. Gordon, William Ralston, Joel B. Elterman, Timothy A. Pritts & Bryce R.H. Robinson. (2019) Do Autopsies Still Matter? The Influence of Autopsy Data on Final Injury Severity Score Calculations. Journal of Surgical Research 233, pages 453-458.
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Eveline A.J. van Rein, Rogier van der Sluijs, R. Marijn Houwert, Amy C. Gunning, Rob A. Lichtveld, Luke P.H. Leenen & Mark van Heijl. (2018) Effectiveness of prehospital trauma triage systems in selecting severely injured patients: Is comparative analysis possible?. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 36:6, pages 1060-1069.
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Ki Ok Ahn, Sang Chul Kim, Ju Ok Park, Sang Do Shin, Kyoung Jun Song & Ki Jeong Hong. (2018) Validation of the criteria for early critical care resource use in assessing the effectiveness of field triage. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 36:2, pages 257-261.
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Ian Pike, Mina Khalil, Natalie L Yanchar, Hala Tamim, Avery B Nathens & Alison K Macpherson. (2017) Establishing an injury indicator for severe paediatric injury. Injury Prevention 23:2, pages 118-123.
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Arnaud Follin, Sébastien Jacqmin, Vibol Chhor, Florence Bellenfant, Ségolène Robin, Alain Guinvarc’h, Frank Thomas, Thomas Loeb, Jean Mantz & Romain Pirracchio. (2016) Tree-based algorithm for prehospital triage of polytrauma patients. Injury 47:7, pages 1555-1561.
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Michelle Scerbo, Hari Radhakrishnan, Bryan Cotton, Anahita Dua, Deborah Del Junco, Charles Wade & John B. Holcomb. (2014) Prehospital triage of trauma patients using the Random Forest computer algorithm. Journal of Surgical Research 187:2, pages 371-376.
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Shinji NakaharaTetsuya Matsuoka, Masato Ueno, Yasuaki Mizushima, Masao Ichikawa & Junichiro Yokota. (2014) Extremity Injuries as Predictors of Emergency Care Resource Needs among Blunt Trauma Patients in Japan. The American Surgeon 80:2, pages 197-203.
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Lu-Ping Zhao, Martin Gerdin, Lina Westman, Jose Manuel Rodriguez-Llanes, Qi Wu, Barbara van den Oever, Liang Pan, Manuel Albela, Gao Chen, De-Sheng Zhang, Debarati Guha-Sapir & Johan von Schreeb. (2013) Hospital Stay as a Proxy Indicator for Severe Injury in Earthquakes: A Retrospective Analysis. PLoS ONE 8:4, pages e61371.
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Craig D. Newgard, John J. Fildes, LieLing Wu, Mark R. Hemmila, Randall S. Burd, Melanie Neal, Clay N. Mann, Shahid Shafi, David E. Clark, Sandra Goble & Avery B. Nathens. (2013) Methodology and Analytic Rationale for the American College of Surgeons Trauma Quality Improvement Program. Journal of the American College of Surgeons 216:1, pages 147-157.
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Craig Newgard. 2012. Injury Research. Injury Research 297 315 .
Andre Lavoie, Marcel Émond, Lynne Moore, Stéphanie Camden & Moishe Liberman. (2015) Evaluation of the Prehospital Index, presence of high-velocity impact and judgment of emergency medical technicians as criteria for trauma triage. CJEM 12:02, pages 111-118.
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Craig D. Newgard, Ross Fleischman, Esther Choo, O. John Ma, Jerris R. Hedges & K. John McConnell. (2010) Validation of Length of Hospital Stay as a Surrogate Measure for Injury Severity and Resource Use Among Injury Survivors. Academic Emergency Medicine 17:2, pages 142-150.
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