Role of adding dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and magnesium sulphate to caudal block as preemptive analgesia in hypospadias repair in pediatrics: A randomized double-blinded prospective trial

Basma M. Ghoniema Lecturer of Anesthesia, Surgical Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelshiekh, EgyptCorrespondence[email protected]

Gamal Hendawy Shamsa Lecturer of Anesthesia, Surgical Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt

Wafaa Abdelsalama Lecturer of Anesthesia, Surgical Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt

Sherif Medhatb Lecturer of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt

Mahmoud Fawzy Elsharkawya Lecturer of Anesthesia, Surgical Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelshiekh, Egypt

Role of adding dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and magnesium sulphate to caudal block as preemptive analgesia in hypospadias repair in pediatrics: A randomized double-blinded prospective trial

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Role of adding dexmedetomidine, ketamine, and magnesium sulphate to caudal block as preemptive analgesia in hypospadias repair in pediatrics: A randomized double-blinded prospective trial

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