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Democratization Volume 24, 2017 - Issue 5: Midwives or gravediggers of democracy? The military’s impact on democratic development; Guest Editor: David Kuehn
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Military loyalty and the failure of democratization in Africa: how ethnic armies shape the capacity of presidents to defy term limits

Kristen A. HarknessSchool of International Relations, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, UKCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 801-818 | Received 06 Apr 2016, Accepted 05 Sep 2016, Published online: 18 Oct 2016

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Dina Osama Lotfy. (2022) Institutional constraints and regional incentives for the attempt to scrap presidential term limits. Democratization 29:4, pages 569-590.
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Julia Leininger & Daniel Nowack. (2022) Protection against autocratisation: how international democracy promotion helped preserve presidential term limits in Malawi and Senegal. Third World Quarterly 43:2, pages 309-331.
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Kristin McKie & Elizabeth Carlson. (2022) Do contravention attempts affect public support for presidential term limits?: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa. Democratization 29:1, pages 133-153.
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Daniel Nowack & Julia Leininger. (2022) Protecting democracy from abroad: democracy aid against attempts to circumvent presidential term limits. Democratization 29:1, pages 154-173.
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Nathaniel Allen. (2020) Interrogating Ethnic Stacking: The Uses and Abuses of Security Force Ethnicity in Sudan. Civil Wars 22:2-3, pages 243-265.
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Sarah Andrews & Lauren Honig. (2019) Elite defection and grassroots democracy under competitive authoritarianism: evidence from Burkina Faso. Democratization 26:4, pages 626-644.
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Nathaniel Allen. (2019) Authoritarian armies and democratizing states: how the military influences African transitional politics. Democratization 26:2, pages 247-268.
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Jonathan Powell, Christopher Faulkner, William Dean & Kyle Romano. (2018) Give them toys? Military allocations and regime stability in transitional democracies. Democratization 25:7, pages 1153-1172.
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Alexander Baturo & Robert Elgie. (2018) Why do authoritarian regimes adopt bicameralism? Cooptation, control, and masking controversial reforms. Democratization 25:5, pages 919-937.
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Articles from other publishers (12)

Andrea Cassani & Luca Tomini. (2023) Time to go: Paths of term limit resilience in sub-Saharan Africa. International Political Science Review.
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Sumaila Jaló. (2023) Guinea-Bissau: 30 years of militarized democratization (1991–2021). Frontiers in Political Science 5.
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Salah Ben Hammou. (2023) The Varieties of Civilian Praetorianism: Evidence From Sudan’s Coup Politics. Armed Forces & Society, pages 0095327X2311556.
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Nathaniel Allen & Risa Brooks. (2022) Unpacking “Stacking”: Researching Political Identity and Regime Security in Armed Forces. Armed Forces & Society 49:1, pages 207-227.
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Kristen A. Harkness. (2021) The Ethnic Stacking in Africa Dataset: When leaders use ascriptive identity to build military loyalty. Conflict Management and Peace Science 39:5, pages 609-632.
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Christoph Harig, Nicole Jenne & Chiara Ruffa. (2021) Operational experiences, military role conceptions, and their influence on civil-military relations. European Journal of International Security 7:1, pages 1-17.
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Andrea Cassani. (2020) Law-abiders, lame ducks, and over-stayers: the Africa Executive Term Limits (AETL) dataset. European Political Science 20:3, pages 543-555.
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Julia Grauvogel & Charlotte Heyl. (2021) The Study of Term Limits in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lessons on Democratisation and Autocratisation. Africa Spectrum 55:3, pages 215-227.
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Andrea Cassani. (2021) Autocratisation by Term Limits Manipulation in Sub-Saharan Africa. Africa Spectrum 55:3, pages 228-250.
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Giovanni Carbone & Alessandro Pellegata. 2020. Political Leadership in Africa. Political Leadership in Africa.
Risa A. Brooks. (2019) Integrating the Civil–Military Relations Subfield. Annual Review of Political Science 22:1, pages 379-398.
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Holger Albrecht & Ferdinand Eibl. (2018) How to Keep Officers in the Barracks: Causes, Agents, and Types of Military Coups. International Studies Quarterly.
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