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Laterality
Asymmetries of Brain, Behaviour, and Cognition
Volume 16, 2011 - Issue 2
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Original Articles

Digit ratio (2D:4D), salivary testosterone, and handedness

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Pages 136-155 | Received 05 May 2009, Published online: 20 Jan 2010

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Read on this site (4)

Gareth Richards, Sarah E. Medland & Alan A. Beaton. (2021) Digit ratio (2D:4D) and handedness: A meta-analysis of the available literature. Laterality 26:4, pages 421-484.
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Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Maryanne Martin & Christine Mohr. (2017) Salivary testosterone levels are unrelated to handedness or cerebral lateralization for language. Laterality 22:2, pages 123-156.
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Sunil Vasu Kalmady, Sri Mahavir Agarwal, Venkataram Shivakumar, Dania Jose, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian & Y. C. Janardhan Reddy. (2013) Revisiting Geschwind's hypothesis on brain lateralisation: A functional MRI study of digit ratio (2D:4D) and sex interaction effects on spatial working memory. Laterality 18:5, pages 625-640.
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Articles from other publishers (42)

Yue Ying, Sreenath Madathil & Belinda Nicolau. (2022) Association between the second‐ and fourth‐digit ratio and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Diseases 29:8, pages 3173-3182.
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Denisa Cristina Lupu, Ignacio Monedero, Claudia Rodriguez-Ruiz, Miguel Pita & Enrique Turiegano. (2023) In support of 2D:4D: More data exploring its conflicting results on handedness, sexual orientation and sex differences. PLOS ONE 18:8, pages e0280514.
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Moses Banyeh, Samuel Kwasi Appiah, Abdul‐Malawi Abubakari, Musah Issah & Nafiu Amidu. (2023) Sex‐moderated relationship between the 2D : 4D ratio and circulating hormones in an adult Ghanaian population . Physiological Reports 11:2.
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Elke KrausElke Kraus. 2023. Beyond Left and Right Handedness. Beyond Left and Right Handedness 41 59 .
Farid Farhani, Hamid Arazi, Mohammad Mirzaei, Hadi Nobari, Elena Mainer-Pardos, Imen Moussa Chamari, Julien S. Baker, Jorge Pérez-Gómez & Karim Chamari. (2022) Associations between bio-motor ability, endocrine markers and hand-specific anthropometrics in elite female futsal players: a pilot study. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation 14:1.
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Mikołaj Kaczmarski, Jan M. Kaczmarek, Łukasz Jankowiak, Krzysztof Kolenda & Piotr Tryjanowski. (2021) Digit ratio in the common toad Bufo bufo: the effects of reduced fingers and of age dependency. Zoological Letters 7:1.
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Thomas Richardson. (2021) No association between adult sex steroids and hand preference in humans. American Journal of Human Biology.
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Gareth Richards, Tess Beking, Baudewijntje P.C. Kreukels, Reint H. Geuze, Alan A. Beaton & Ton Groothuis. (2021) An examination of the influence of prenatal sex hormones on handedness: Literature review and amniotic fluid data. Hormones and Behavior 129, pages 104929.
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Sanjay Kumar, Martin Voracek & Maharaj Singh. (2021) The effects of hand preference and sex on right-left asymmetry in dorsal digit lengths among adults and children. Early Human Development 153, pages 105293.
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D OSTATNÍKOVÁ, S LAKATOŠOVÁ, J BABKOVÁ, J HODOSY & P CELEC. (2021) Testosterone and the Brain: From Cognition to Autism. Physiological Research, pages S403-S419.
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Alex L. Jones, Bastian Jaeger & Christoph Schild. (2021) No credible evidence for links between 2D:4D and COVID-19 outcomes: A probabilistic perspective on digit ratio, ACE variants, and national case fatalities. Early Human Development 152, pages 105272.
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Sanjay Kumar, Maharaj Singh & Martin Voracek. (2020) Effects of hand preference on digit lengths and digit ratios among children and adults. Early Human Development 151, pages 105204.
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Guy Sion, Rahav Tal & Shai Meiri. (2020) Asymmetric Behavior in Ptyodactylus guttatus: Can a Digit Ratio Reflect Brain Laterality?. Symmetry 12:9, pages 1490.
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Annapaola Fedato, María Silva‐Gago, Marcos Terradillos‐Bernal, Rodrigo Alonso‐Alcalde, Elena Martín‐Guerra & Emiliano Bruner. (2019) Hand morphometrics, electrodermal activity, and stone tools haptic perception. American Journal of Human Biology 32:3.
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Ivana Žáková. (2019) Lateralita, leváctví a specializované funkční oblasti mozku. Anthropologia integra 10:2, pages 51-58.
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Theresa Allweiss & Elke Kraus. 2019. Zwischen Links- und Rechtshändigkeit. Zwischen Links- und Rechtshändigkeit 9 46 .
L. D. Popova, I. M. Vasil’yeva & O. A. Nakonechna. (2018) Correlations of Aggressiveness with the Levels of Sex Hormones in Young Men; Validity of a Proposed Anthropometric Marker. Neurophysiology 50:3, pages 173-182.
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J. BABKOVÁ DURDIAKOVÁ, P. CELEC, I. KOBOROVÁ, T. SEDLÁČKOVÁ, G. MINÁRIK & D. OSTATNÍKOVÁ. (2017) How Do We Love? Romantic Love Style in Men Is Related to Lower Testosterone Levels. Physiological Research, pages 695-703.
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Marietta Papadatou-Pastou & Maryanne Martin. (2017) Cerebral laterality for language is related to adult salivary testosterone levels but not digit ratio (2D:4D) in men: A functional transcranial Doppler ultrasound study. Brain and Language 166, pages 52-62.
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Clare Porac. 2016. Laterality. Laterality 71 85 .
Hong Lu, Zhanbing Ma, Junli Zhao & Zhenghao Huo. (2015) Second to fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) and coronary heart disease. Early Human Development 91:7, pages 417-420.
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Robert Trivers, Brian G. Palestis, Bernhard Fink & John T. Manning. (2014) Is Foot Asymmetry a Correlate of Hand Performance Asymmetry? Evidence from the Jamaican Symmetry Project. Evolutionary Psychological Science 1:1, pages 13-17.
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Jaroslava Durdiaková, Peter Celec, Jolana Laznibatová, Gabriel Minárik, Silvia Lakatošová, Aneta Kubranská & Daniela Ostatníková. (2015) Differences in salivary testosterone, digit ratio and empathy between intellectually gifted and control boys. Intelligence 48, pages 76-84.
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Christian Montag, Benjamin Bleek, Svenja Breuer, Holger Prüss, Kirsten Richardt, Susanne Cook, J. Scott Yaruss & Martin Reuter. (2015) Prenatal testosterone and stuttering. Early Human Development 91:1, pages 43-46.
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Ulrich S. Tran, Stefan Stieger & Martin Voracek. (2014) Handedness and sex roles: Mixed-handers are less sex-congruent stereotyped. Personality and Individual Differences 66, pages 10-13.
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Ulrich S. Tran, Stefan Stieger & Martin Voracek. (2014) Latent variable analysis indicates that seasonal anisotropy accounts for the higher prevalence of left-handedness in men. Cortex 57, pages 188-197.
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Tara L. DeLecce, John P. Polheber & Robert L. Matchock. (2013) Sociosexual Orientation and 2D:4D Ratios in Women: Relationship to Men’s Desirability Ratings as a Long-Term Pair Bond. Archives of Sexual Behavior 43:2, pages 319-327.
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Dapeng Zhao, Keli Yu, Xinghua Zhang & Lianbin Zheng. (2013) Digit Ratio (2D:4D) and Handgrip Strength in Hani Ethnicity. PLoS ONE 8:10, pages e77958.
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Jaroslava Durdiaková, Silvia Lakatošová, Aneta Kubranská, Jolana Laznibatová, Andrej Ficek, Daniela Ostatníková & Peter Celec. (2013) Mental rotation in intellectually gifted boys is affected by the androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism. Neuropsychologia 51:9, pages 1693-1698.
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Filippos Vlachos, Francois Gaillard, Kiriazis Vaitsis & Argiris Karapetsas. (2013) Developmental Risk: Evidence from Large Nonright-Handed Samples. Child Development Research 2013, pages 1-10.
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Sooil Kim & Keun-Ja Cho. (2013) Characteristics of 2nd to 4th Digit Ratio according to Type of Handedness in University Students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society 14:3, pages 1245-1251.
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Norbert Meskó, András Láng, Réka Ferenczhalmy, Krisztina Miklós & Barbara Glöckner. (2013) Parental bonding and conflict management: Sex differences and sex roles. Mentálhigiéné és Pszichoszomatika 14:1, pages 45-66.
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Chuan Zhang, Jie Dang, Liguo Pei, Mengjing Guo, Hao Zhu, Lei Qu, Fei Jia, Hong Lu & Zhenghao Huo. (2013) Relationship of 2D:4D finger ratio with androgen receptor CAG and GGN repeat polymorphism. American Journal of Human Biology 25:1, pages 101-106.
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Konstanze Meindl, Sonja Windhager, Bernard Wallner & Katrin Schaefer. (2012) Second-to-fourth digit ratio and facial shape in boys: the lower the digit ratio, the more robust the face. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279:1737, pages 2457-2463.
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Alan A. Beaton, Sarah V. Magowan & Nick G. Rudling. (2012) Does handedness or digit ratio (2D:4D) predict lateralised cognitive ability?. Personality and Individual Differences 52:5, pages 627-631.
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Moriya Gamliel, Richard Ebstein, Nurit Yirmiya & David Mankuta. (2012) Minor Fetal Sonographic Findings in Autism Spectrum Disorder. Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 67:3, pages 176-186.
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Zlatislav Stoyanov, Lyoubka Decheva, Irina Pashalieva & Piareta Nikolova. (2012) Brain asymmetry, immunity, handedness. Open Medicine 7:1, pages 1-8.
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Sara M. Schaafsma & Ton G.G. Groothuis. (2012) Sex-specific effects of maternal testosterone on lateralization in a cichlid fish. Animal Behaviour 83:2, pages 437-443.
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John C. Loehlin, Sarah E. Medland & Nicholas G. Martin. (2012) Is CAG sequence length in the androgen receptor gene correlated with finger-length ratio?. Personality and Individual Differences 52:2, pages 224-227.
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R.M. Sullivan, S.L. Chehab, M.M. Dufresne & F. Laplante. (2012) Role of sex in the neurochemical and neuroendocrine correlates of paw preference in the rat. Neuroscience 202, pages 192-201.
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Michael C. Corballis, Gjurgjica Badzakova-Trajkov & Isabelle S. Häberling. (2012) Right hand, left brain: genetic and evolutionary bases of cerebral asymmetries for language and manual action. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Cognitive Science 3:1, pages 1-17.
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John V. Nye, Maxim V. Bryukhanov & Sergiy Polyachenko. (2014) 2D:4D and Life Outcomes: Evidence from the Russian RLMS Survey. SSRN Electronic Journal.
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