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International Gambling Studies Volume 20, 2020 - Issue 3: Gambling and Gaming
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Review Article

Gaming-gambling convergence: evaluating evidence for the ‘gateway’ hypothesis

Paul Delfabbroa School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, AustraliaCorrespondence[email protected]
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Daniel L. Kingb College of Education, Psychology & Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, AustraliaView further author information
Pages 380-392 | Received 21 Apr 2020, Accepted 06 May 2020, Published online: 02 Jun 2020

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Paul Delfabbro & Daniel King. (2023) The evolution of young gambling studies: digital convergence of gaming, gambling and cryptocurrency technologies. International Gambling Studies 23:3, pages 491-504.
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Viktorija Kesaite, Heather Wardle & Ingeborg Rossow. (2023) Gambling consumption and harm: a systematic review of the evidence. Addiction Research & Theory 0:0, pages 1-10.
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Sophie G. Coelho, Matthew T. Keough, David C. Hodgins, N. Will Shead, Puneet K. Parmar & Hyoun S. Kim. (2023) Loot box purchasing is associated with gambling and problem gambling when controlling for known psychological risk factors of gambling. Addiction Research & Theory 31:4, pages 260-269.
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S. Rolando & H. Wardle. (2023) ‘That’s why it’s gambling, because you don’t know what you find in it!’ Perceptions of the relationship between gaming and gambling among young adult gamers. Journal of Youth Studies 0:0, pages 1-16.
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Articles from other publishers (38)

Anu Sirola, Jussi Nyrhinen, Julia Nuckols & Terhi-Anna Wilska. (2023) Loot box purchasing and indebtedness: The role of psychosocial factors and problem gambling. Addictive Behaviors Reports 18, pages 100516.
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Claire Shinhea Lee & Hogeun Seo. (2023) Being social for whom? Issues of monetization, exploitation, and alienation in mobile social games. Journal of Consumer Culture.
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J. González-Cabrera, A. Basterra-González, J. Ortega-Barón, V. Caba-Machado, A. Díaz-López, H.M. Pontes & J.M. Machimbarrena. (2023) Loot box purchases and their relationship with internet gaming disorder and online gambling disorder in adolescents: A prospective study. Computers in Human Behavior 143, pages 107685.
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Bartosz Kowalik, Paul H. Delfabbro & Daniel L. King. (2023) Impaired control over gaming scale (ICOGS): Development, confirmatory factor validation, and psychometric evaluation. Addictive Behaviors Reports 17, pages 100489.
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Hibai Lopez-Gonzalez & Mark D. Griffiths. (2023) Gambling-like Features in fan Tokens. Journal of Gambling Studies 39:4, pages 1579-1596.
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Şerife Koç, Ramazan Kocakaya, Ayse Sonay Türkmen & Ahmet Burhan Çakıcı. (2023) University Students’ Gaming and Gambling Behaviors, Related Factors, and the Relationship Between Gaming and Gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies 39:4, pages 1661-1674.
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Jin Xue & Matthew Tingchi Liu. (2022) Investigating the live streaming sales from the perspective of the ecosystem: the structures, processes and value flow. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics 35:5, pages 1157-1186.
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Daniel Calderón Gómez & Alejandro Gómez Miguel. (2023) Patrones de consumo y entretenimiento digital juvenil: Una mirada sociológica al gasto en plataformas de suscripción, creadores de contenido y gaming. Teknokultura. Revista de Cultura Digital y Movimientos Sociales Avance en línea, pages 1-17.
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Sara Jaffee. (2023) Editorial: Unsettling ‘settled’ science – the importance of questioning received wisdom about the causes of mental health and neuro‐developmental conditions. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 64:4, pages 485-488.
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Soo Hyun Rhee & Jarrod M. Ellingson. (2023) Alternative hypotheses regarding the association between early engagement in gambling and gambling‐like activities and later problem gambling – a commentary on Richard and King (2023). Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 64:4, pages 689-692.
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Jérémie Richard & Serena M. King. (2022) Annual Research Review: Emergence of problem gambling from childhood to emerging adulthood: a systematic review. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 64:4, pages 645-688.
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Maèva Flayelle, Damien Brevers, Daniel L. King, Pierre Maurage, José C. Perales & Joël Billieux. (2023) A taxonomy of technology design features that promote potentially addictive online behaviours. Nature Reviews Psychology 2:3, pages 136-150.
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Elena Petrovskaya & David Zendle. (2023) The relationship between psycho-environmental characteristics and wellbeing in non-spending players of certain mobile games. Royal Society Open Science 10:1.
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Elena Petrovskaya & David Zendle. (2021) Predatory Monetisation? A Categorisation of Unfair, Misleading and Aggressive Monetisation Techniques in Digital Games from the Player Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics 181:4, pages 1065-1081.
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Jessica Formosa, Nicholas O'Donnell, Ella M. Horton, Selen Türkay, Regan L. Mandryk, Michael Hawks & Daniel Johnson. (2022) Definitions of Esports: A Systematic Review and Thematic Analysis. Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction 6:CHI PLAY, pages 1-45.
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Patrick Andrew Kerin Carey, Paul Delfabbro & Daniel King. (2021) An Evaluation of Gaming-Related Harms in Relation to Gaming Disorder and Loot Box Involvement. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 20:5, pages 2906-2921.
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Hannu Jouhki, Iina Savolainen, Anu Sirola & Atte Oksanen. (2022) Escapism and Excessive Online Behaviors: A Three-Wave Longitudinal Study in Finland during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:19, pages 12491.
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Caterina Primi, Francesco Sanson, Marta Vecchiato, Emilia Serra & Maria Anna Donati. (2022) Loot boxes use, video gaming, and gambling in adolescents: Results from a path analysis before and during COVID-19-pandemic-related lockdown in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology 13.
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Paul Delfabbro, Amelia Delic & Daniel L. King. (2022) Understanding the mechanics and consumer risks associated with play-to-earn (P2E) gaming. Journal of Behavioral Addictions 11:3, pages 716-726.
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D. Leahy. (2022) Rocking the Boat: Loot Boxes in Online Digital Games, the Regulatory Challenge, and the EU’s Unfair Commercial Practices Directive. Journal of Consumer Policy 45:3, pages 561-592.
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Elena Petrovskaya & David Zendle. (2022) “These People Had Taken Advantage of Me”: A Grounded Theory of Problematic Consequences of Player Interaction with Mobile Games Perceived as “Designed to Drive Spending”. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies 2022, pages 1-14.
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Nerilee Hing, Cassandra K. Dittman, Alex M. T. Russell, Daniel L. King, Matthew Rockloff, Matthew Browne, Philip Newall & Nancy Greer. (2022) Adolescents Who Play and Spend Money in Simulated Gambling Games Are at Heightened Risk of Gambling Problems. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:17, pages 10652.
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Sally M. Gainsbury & Kahlil S. Philander. (2022) Short-term cognitive impacts of electronic gaming machines with and without a skill-based component: A comparative laboratory study. Frontiers in Psychiatry 13.
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Komathi Kolandai-Matchett & Max Wenden Abbott. (2021) Gaming-Gambling Convergence: Trends, Emerging Risks, and Legislative Responses. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction 20:4, pages 2024-2056.
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Daniel Zarate, Michelle Ball, Christian Montag, Maria Prokofieva & Vasileios Stavropoulos. (2022) Unravelling the web of addictions: A network analysis approach. Addictive Behaviors Reports 15, pages 100406.
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David Fiedor & Markéta Seidlová. (2021) Gambling Patterns Among People from Vietnam and Ukraine Living in the Czech Republic. Journal of Gambling Studies 38:2, pages 411-423.
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Erika Puiras, Casey Oliver, Shayna Cummings, Micaela Sheinin & Dwight Mazmanian. (2022) Motives to engage with or refrain from gambling and loot box content: an exploratory qualitative investigation. Journal of Gambling Studies 39:2, pages 779-794.
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Tom St Quinton, Ben Morris, Dylan Pickering & Debbie M. Smith. (2022) Behavior Change Techniques and Delivery Modes in Interventions Targeting Adolescent Gambling: A Systematic Review. Journal of Gambling Studies 38:4, pages 1503-1528.
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Loredana Cena, Matteo Rota, Alice Trainini, Sara Zecca, Sofia Bonetti Zappa, Nella Tralli & Alberto Stefana. (2022) Investigating Adolescents’ Video Gaming and Gambling Activities, and Their Relationship With Behavioral, Emotional, and Social Difficulties: Protocol for a Multi-Informant Study. JMIR Research Protocols 11:2, pages e33376.
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Nancy Greer, Matthew Rockloff, Nerilee Hing, Matthew Browne & Daniel L. King. (2022) Skin Gambling Contributes to Gambling Problems and Harm After Controlling for Other Forms of Traditional Gambling. Journal of Gambling Studies 39:1, pages 225-247.
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Sari Castrén, Terhi Mustonen, Krista Hylkilä, Niko Männikkö, Maria Kääriäinen & Kirsimarja Raitasalo. (2022) Risk Factors for Excessive Social Media Use Differ from Those of Gambling and Gaming in Finnish Youth. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19:4, pages 2406.
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Sarah E. Hodge, Max Vykoukal, John McAlaney, Reece D. Bush-Evans, Ruijie Wang & Raian Ali. (2022) What’s in the box? Exploring UK players’ experiences of loot boxes in games; the conceptualisation and parallels with gambling. PLOS ONE 17:2, pages e0263567.
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. (2021) Money used in gaming is associated with problem gambling: Results of the ESPAD 2019 Finland. Journal of Behavioral Addictions 10:4, pages 932-940.
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Paul Delfabbro & Daniel L. King. (2021) Contentious Issues and Future Directions in Adolescent Gambling Research. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18:21, pages 11482.
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Haozhou Pu, Jeeyoon Kim & Corinne Daprano. (2021) Can Esports Substitute Traditional Sports? The Convergence of Sports and Video Gaming during the Pandemic and Beyond. Societies 11:4, pages 129.
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Loredana Marchica, Jérémie Richard, Devin Mills, William Ivoska & Jeffrey Derevensky. (2021) Between two worlds: Exploring esports betting in relation to problem gambling, gaming, and mental health problems. Journal of Behavioral Addictions 10:3, pages 447-455.
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Ana Estévez, Paula Jauregui, Laura Macía & Hibai López-González. (2020) Gambling and Attachment: The Mediating Role of Alexithymia in Adolescents and Young Adults. Journal of Gambling Studies 37:2, pages 497-514.
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Tom Brock & Mark Johnson. (2021) The gamblification of digital games. Journal of Consumer Culture 21:1, pages 3-13.
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