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The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A
Human Experimental Psychology
Volume 46, 1993 - Issue 4: The Cognitive Psychology of Reasoning
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Original Articles

Reasoning with three types of conditional: Biases and mental models

Thomas C. Ormerod Loughborough University of Technology, Loughborough, U. K.
,
Kenneth I. Manktelow Wolverhampton University, Wolverhampton, U.K.
&
Gregory V. Jones University of Warwick, Coventry, U. K.
Pages 653-677 | Received 01 Apr 1993, Published online: 29 May 2007

Citations (22)

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Read on this site (12)

KirstenM.A. Revell & NevilleA. Stanton. (2012) Models of models: filtering and bias rings in depiction of knowledge structures and their implications for design. Ergonomics 55:9, pages 1073-1092.
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Matthew Haigh & AndrewJ. Stewart. (2011) The influence of clause order, congruency, and probability on the processing of conditionals. Thinking & Reasoning 17:4, pages 402-423.
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Walter Schroyens. (2010) A meta-analytic review of thinking about what is true, possible, and irrelevant in reasoning from or reasoning about conditional propositions. European Journal of Cognitive Psychology 22:6, pages 897-921.
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Walter Schroyens. (2010) Mistaking the instance for the rule: A critical analysis of the truth-table evaluation paradigm. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 63:2, pages 246-259.
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Christoph Stahl, Karl Christoph Klauer & Edgar Erdfelder. (2008) Matching bias in the selection task is not eliminated by explicit negations. Thinking & Reasoning 14:3, pages 281-303.
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Jérôme Prado & IraA. Noveck. (2006) How reaction time measures elucidate the matching bias and the way negations are processed. Thinking & Reasoning 12:3, pages 309-328.
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Jonathan St.B.T. Evans. (1999) The Influence of Linguistic Form on Reasoning: The Case of Matching Bias. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 52:1, pages 185-216.
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Jonathan St.B.T. Evans. (1998) Matching Bias in Conditional Reasoning: Do We Understand it After 25 Years?. Thinking & Reasoning 4:1, pages 45-110.
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Juliet Richardson & Thomas C. Ormerod. (1997) Rephrasing between Disjunctives and Conditionals: Mental Models and the Effects of Thematic Content. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 50:2, pages 358-385.
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Jonathan St. B. T. Evans. (1996) On the Mental Representation of Conditional Sentences. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 49:4, pages 1086-1114.
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Karl Christoph Klauer & Klaus Oberauer. (1995) Testing the Mental Model Theory of Propositional Reasoning. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 48:3, pages 671-687.
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Jonathan St.B.T. Evans, John Clibbens & Benjamin Rood. (1995) Bias in Conditional Inference: Implications for Mental Models and Mental Logic. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A 48:3, pages 644-670.
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Articles from other publishers (10)

Jing Shao, Dilane Tikiri Banda & Jean Baratgin. (2022) A Study on the Sufficient Conditional and the Necessary Conditional With Chinese and French Participants. Frontiers in Psychology 13.
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Raymond S. Nickerson, Susan F. Butler & Daniel H. Barch. (2019) Validity and Persuasiveness of Conditional Arguments. The American Journal of Psychology 132:2, pages 131-147.
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Kirsten M.A. Revell & Neville A. Stanton. 2017. Mental Models. Mental Models 267 275 .
Caren A. Frosch & Ruth M.J. Byrne. (2012) Causal conditionals and counterfactuals. Acta Psychologica 141:1, pages 54-66.
Crossref
P. N. Johnson-Laird. 2012. The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning. The Oxford Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning 134 154 .
Suzanne M. Egan, Juan A. García-Madruga & Ruth M.J. Byrne. (2009) Indicative and counterfactual ‘only if’ conditionals. Acta Psychologica 132:3, pages 240-249.
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Denis J. Hilton, Markus Kemmelmeier & Jean-François Bonnefon. (2005) Putting Ifs to Work: Goal-Based Relevance in Conditional Directives.. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 134:3, pages 388-405.
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P. N. Johnson-Laird & Ruth M. J. Byrne. (2002) Conditionals: A theory of meaning, pragmatics, and inference.. Psychological Review 109:4, pages 646-678.
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Pierre Barrouillet, Nelly Grosset & Jean-François Lecas. (2000) Conditional reasoning by mental models: chronometric and developmental evidence. Cognition 75:3, pages 237-266.
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P. N. Johnson-Laird. (1999) DEDUCTIVE REASONING. Annual Review of Psychology 50:1, pages 109-135.
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