Advanced search
Publication Cover
Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Volume 18, 2017 - Issue 1
Submit an article Journal homepage
9,686
Views
92
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Engineering and structural materials

Clinching for sheet materials

Xiaocong HeInnovative Manufacturing Research Centre, Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, PR ChinaCorrespondence[email protected]
Pages 381-405 | Received 04 Nov 2016, Accepted 17 Apr 2017, Published online: 31 May 2017

Citations (92)

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Subscribe to citation updates

Read on this site (3)

Xingang Zhang & Chao Chen. (2023) Experimental research on joining AA5052-H32/Polyoxymethylene sheets with novel stepped clinching process. Materials Science and Technology 39:17, pages 2874-2884.
Read now
Xiaoqiang Ren & Chao Chen. (2023) Failure analysis of single-point butt clinched joint with dissimilar aluminium alloy sheets. Materials Science and Technology 39:11, pages 1372-1381.
Read now
Sven Harzheim, Martin Hofmann & Thomas Wallmersperger. (2023) Numerical fatigue life prediction of corroded and non-corroded clinched joints. Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures 30:5, pages 961-966.
Read now

Articles from other publishers (89)

Chunyu Song, Lei Lei & Ming Yan. (2023) Clinched joining mechanical performance in multiple states. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 129:9-10, pages 3799-3812.
Crossref
R.F.V. Sampaio, P. Larue, J.P.M. Pragana, I.M.F. Bragança, C.M.A. Silva & P.A.F. Martins. (2023) Double-flush riveting by punching and compression. Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 8, pages 100155.
Crossref
Péter Zoltán Kovács & Szabolcs Jónás. (2023) Examination of Three-Layered Clinch Joints. Key Engineering Materials 952, pages 61-67.
Crossref
Chao Chen & Xingang Zhang. (2023) Investigation of the flat clinch–rivet process with different blank holder structures. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture.
Crossref
Fulong Liu, Wei Chen, Chengjiang Deng, Jinlong Guo, Xiaotao Zhang, Yutao Men & Limin Dong. (2023) Research advances in fatigue behaviour of clinched joints. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 127:1-2, pages 1-21.
Crossref
Chao Chen & Xiao Ouyang. (2023) Research on the joining of three-layer sheets by flat bottom riveting process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 127:1-2, pages 459-469.
Crossref
Sia A. Nourani, George Stilwell & Dirk J. Pons. (2023) Shear testing of clinch joints at different temperatures: Explanation of the failure sequence. Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 7, pages 100140.
Crossref
Dezhi Li, Carl Slater, Huisheng Cai, Xiaonan Hou, Yongbing Li & Qudong Wang. (2023) Joining Technologies for Aluminium Castings—A Review. Coatings 13:5, pages 958.
Crossref
Zhiyong Wang, Shanling Han, Zhiyong Li & Yong Li. (2023) Numerical investigation of tool parameter influence on the interlock forming during flat clinching process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 126:1-2, pages 301-311.
Crossref
Sven Harzheim, Martin Hofmann & Thomas Wallmersperger. (2023) Numerical Investigation of the Corrosion and Fatigue Behavior of Clinched Joints. PAMM 23:1.
Crossref
Jacek Mucha, Łukasz Boda & Waldemar Witkowski. (2023) Geometrical parameters and strength of clinching joint formed with the use of an additional rivet. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering 23:2.
Crossref
Ummed Singh, Ashish Rajak & Taeseon Lee. (2023) Process Development and Analysis of Electromagnetic Multi-Spot Joining of AA5052 Sheets. Metals 13:4, pages 729.
Crossref
Xiaolei Gao, Chao Chen, Xiaoqiang Ren & Hao Peng. (2022) Experimental investigation on the mechanical square clinching process for joining Al5052 sheets. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 237:5, pages 791-800.
Crossref
Nikita Veligotskyi, Erik Janoško, Anna Guzanová & Dagmar Draganovská. (2023) Effect of Tool Speed when Joining Dissimilar Materials by Flowdrill Technology. Acta Mechanica Slovaca 27:1, pages 48-57.
Crossref
Zhi-Chao Huang, Nan-Lin Tang, Yu-Qiang Jiang & Qi Zhang. (2023) Effect of repeated impacts on the mechanical properties of nickel foam composite plate/AA5052 self-piercing riveted joints. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 23, pages 4691-4701.
Crossref
Zhiyong Li, Zhiyong Wang, Yong Li & Shanling Han. (2023) Experimental investigation on the pre-holed screw-drilling riveting process for joining dissimilar lightweight sheets. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering, pages 095440892311543.
Crossref
Huiyang Zhang & Chao Chen. (2023) Shape Optimization of Flat Clinching Tools by Combining Finite Element Simulation and Response Surface Method. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 145:2.
Crossref
Xiaoqiang Ren, Chao Chen, Hao Peng, Huiyang Zhang & Haijun Li. (2022) Investigation on mechanical behavior of clinched joints produced with dissimilar dies. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 237:1-2, pages 31-42.
Crossref
Zhiyong Wang, Shanling Han, Zhiyong Li & Yong Li. (2023) Simulation of dieless clinching process considering the limit of blank holder. Mechanics & Industry 24, pages 7.
Crossref
Britta Schramm, Sven Martin, Christian Steinfelder, Christian R. Bielak, Alexander Brosius, Gerson Meschut, Thomas Tröster, Thomas Wallmersperger & Julia Mergheim. (2022) A Review on the Modeling of the Clinching Process Chain - Part I: Design Phase. Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 6, pages 100133.
Crossref
Yiqun Wang, Guoxin Lu, Zhong Ji, Ren Liu & Chao Zheng. (2022) The small-size laser shock adhesive-clinching of Al foils. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 122:9-10, pages 3837-3848.
Crossref
Zhi-Chao Huang, Ying-Lian Jia, Yu-Qiang Jiang & Yong-Chao Zhang. (2022) Mechanical properties and fatigue failure mechanisms of purely self-piercing riveted (SPR) and hybrid (SPR-bonded) joints under salt spray environment. Journal of Materials Research and Technology 20, pages 2501-2517.
Crossref
Xiaoqiang Ren, Zhengwu Zhou, Zongkai Fan & Chao Chen. (2022) Influence of sheet thickness on mechanical behaviors of the clinched joints produced by single-point butt clinching process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 122:3-4, pages 1617-1627.
Crossref
Yawen Ouyang, Chao Chen & Xiaoqiang Ren. (2022) Experimental Investigation of the Mechanical Clinching Process of Al5052-H32/Polyoxymethylene Hybrid Structure. Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 144:8.
Crossref
Yunwu Ma, Yohei Abe, Peihao Geng, Reiki Akita, Ninshu Ma & Ken-ichiro Mori. (2022) Adhesive dynamic behavior in the clinch-bonding process of aluminum alloy A5052-H34 and advanced high-strength steel JSC780. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 305, pages 117602.
Crossref
Yawen Ouyang, Chao Chen, Xiaoqiang Ren & Xiangkun Ran. (2022) Experimental investigation of Al5052‐H32 / PETG hybrid clinched joints . Journal of Applied Polymer Science 139:21.
Crossref
Xiaoqiang Ren, Chao Chen, Xiangkun Ran, Xingang Zhang & Xiaolei Gao. (2022) Effects of friction factor on mechanical performance of the AA5182 clinched joint. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 120:3-4, pages 1831-1841.
Crossref
Xiaolei Gao, Chao Chen, Xiaoqiang Ren & Yuxiang Li. (2022) Investigation on failure mechanism of the square clinched joints with different sheet thicknesses. Engineering Failure Analysis 134, pages 106013.
Crossref
Xiaoqiang Ren, Chao Chen, Xiaolei Gao, Denglin Qin & Yawen Ouyang. (2022) The effect of clinching process on mechanical properties of the single strap butt joint. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 44:4.
Crossref
Jan Kalich & Uwe Füssel. (2022) Design of clinched joints on the basis of binding mechanisms. Production Engineering 16:2-3, pages 213-222.
Crossref
Hao Peng, Chao Chen, Xiaoqiang Ren & Jinliang Wu. (2021) Development of clinching process for various materials. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 119:1-2, pages 99-117.
Crossref
Shanling Han, Zhiyong Li, Zhiyong Wang & Yong Li. (2021) Review on joining processes of magnesium alloy sheets. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 118:9-10, pages 2787-2803.
Crossref
Hao Peng, Chao Chen, Xiaoqiang Ren, Xiangkun Ran & Denglin Qin. (2022) Static strength analysis and experimental research of clinched joints by two-stroke flattening clinching method. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology.
Crossref
Daisuke Sasaki, Daisuke Imatomi & Toru Kato. (2022) Microscopic Damage Growth with Hydrogen-induced Longitudinal Cracks in Tensile-shear Test on Mechanical Clinching Joint of Mild Steel Sheet and Aluminum Alloy Sheet軟鋼-アルミニウム合金メカニカルクリンチ接合体の引張せん断試験における水素誘起縦割れを伴うミクロ損傷発達. Tetsu-to-Hagane 108:11, pages 835-845.
Crossref
S. Yarcu, S. Huebner, D. Yilkiran, K. Brunotte, B.-A. Behrens, T. Schuchardt, S. Mueller & K. Dilger. 2022. Production at the Leading Edge of Technology. Production at the Leading Edge of Technology 85 93 .
Hao Peng, Chao Chen, Xiaoqiang Ren, Xiangkun Ran & Xiaolei Gao. (2021) Research on the material flow and joining performance of two-strokes flattening clinched joint. Thin-Walled Structures 169, pages 108289.
Crossref
Sofia Maggiore, Mariana D. Banea, Paola Stagnaro & Giorgio Luciano. (2021) A Review of Structural Adhesive Joints in Hybrid Joining Processes. Polymers 13:22, pages 3961.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Jinliang Wu & Haijun Li. (2021) Optimization design of cylindrical rivet in flat bottom riveting. Thin-Walled Structures 168, pages 108292.
Crossref
Xiaoqiang Ren, Chao Chen, Denglin Qin, Jinliang Wu & Yawen Ouyang. (2021) Mechanical properties of tubular rivet-reinforced joints realized with different reinforcing loads. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 117:3-4, pages 877-888.
Crossref
Jan Kalich & Uwe Füssel. (2021) Influence of the Production Process on the Binding Mechanism of Clinched Aluminum Steel Mixed Compounds. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing 5:4, pages 105.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Yawen Ouyang & Denglin Qin. (2021) Finite element analysis of material flow in flat-rivet clinching process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 116:5-6, pages 1961-1974.
Crossref
Hao Peng, Chao Chen, Haijun Li & Xiaolei Gao. (2021) Joining thin-walled structures without protuberance by two-strokes flattening clinching process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 116:3-4, pages 1213-1223.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Huiyang Zhang, Denglin Qin & Haijun Li. (2021) Joining different aluminum alloy sheets by flat clinching process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 116:3-4, pages 1071-1079.
Crossref
Xiaoqiang Ren, Chao Chen, Xiangkun Ran, Xiaolei Gao & Yang Gao. (2021) Investigation on lightweight performance of tubular rivet-reinforced joints for joining AA5052 sheets. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 43:7.
Crossref
Shanling Han, Zhiyong Wang, Zhipeng Wang, Zhiyong Li & Yong Li. (2021) Heat-assisted hole-clinching process for joining magnesium alloy and ultra-high-strength steel. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 115:1-2, pages 551-561.
Crossref
Sia A. Nourani, Dirk J. Pons, Abbas Tamadon & Digby Symons. (2021) Microstructural deformation in the clinching process. Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 3, pages 100041.
Crossref
Vahid Babalo, Ali Fazli & Mahdi Soltanpour. (2021) Experimental study of the mechanical performance of the new high-speed mechanical clinching. International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture 4:2, pages 218-236.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Huiyang Zhang, Xiaoqiang Ren & Jinliang Wu. (2021) Investigation of flat-clinching process using various thicknesses aluminum alloy sheets. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 114:7-8, pages 2075-2084.
Crossref
Benjamin Gröger, Juliane Troschitz, Julian Vorderbrüggen, Christian Vogel, Robert Kupfer, Gerson Meschut & Maik Gude. (2021) Clinching of Thermoplastic Composites and Metals—A Comparison of Three Novel Joining Technologies. Materials 14:9, pages 2286.
Crossref
Sven Harzheim, Christian Steinfelder, Thomas Wallmersperger & Alexander Brosius. (2021) A First Approach for the Treatment of Galvanic Corrosion and of Load-Bearing Capacity of Clinched Joints. Key Engineering Materials 883, pages 97-104.
Crossref
Sabarinathan Srinivasan, Roshan N Mahadule, Ramesh Koduri & Ramesh Palamalai. Prediction of Clamp Loss for Sunroof Mountings under Vehicle Operating Conditions. Prediction of Clamp Loss for Sunroof Mountings under Vehicle Operating Conditions.
Francesco Lambiase, Silvia Ilaria Scipioni, Chan-Joo Lee, Dae-Cheol Ko & Fengchao Liu. (2021) A State-of-the-Art Review on Advanced Joining Processes for Metal-Composite and Metal-Polymer Hybrid Structures. Materials 14:8, pages 1890.
Crossref
Yohei Abe & Ken-ichiro Mori. (2021) Mechanical clinching and self-pierce riveting for sheet combination of 780-MPa high-strength steel and aluminium alloy A5052 sheets and durability on salt spray test of joints. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 113:1-2, pages 59-72.
Crossref
Fulong Liu, Xiaocong He, Fengshou Gu & Andrew D. Ball. (2021) A Comparative Study of Local Heat Treatment for Enhancing Overall Mechanical Properties of Clinched Joints. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance 30:2, pages 1347-1355.
Crossref
Francisco R. Ferreira, João P.M. Pragana, Ivo M.F. Bragança, Carlos M.A. Silva & Paulo A.F. Martins(1)(1). (2021) Injection lap riveting. CIRP Annals 70:1, pages 261-264.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Huiyang Zhang, Yongqian Xu & Jinliang Wu. (2020) Investigation of the flat-clinching process for joining three-layer sheets on thin-walled structures. Thin-Walled Structures 157, pages 107034.
Crossref
Hao Peng, Chao Chen, Huiyang Zhang & Xiangkun Ran. (2020) Recent development of improved clinching process. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 110:11-12, pages 3169-3199.
Crossref
Hossein Ghorbani Menghari, Vahid Babalo, Ali Fazli, Mehdi Soltanpour & Hamed Ziaeipoor. (2020) A study on the electro-hydraulic clinching of aluminum and carbon fiber reinforced plastic sheets. International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture 3:3, pages 239-249.
Crossref
Luis M Alves, Rafael M Afonso & Paulo AF Martins. (2020) Joining by forming of polymer-metal sheet-tube connections. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 234:7, pages 938-946.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Xiangkun Ran, Qing Pan, Huiyang Zhang, Ruixiang Yi & Xiaolan Han. (2020) Research on the mechanical properties of repaired clinched joints with different forces. Thin-Walled Structures 152, pages 106752.
Crossref
Sven Roth, Alisa Hezler, Oliver Pampus, Sven Coutandin & Jürgen Fleischer. (2020) Influence of the process parameter of resistance spot welding and the geometry of weldable load introducing elements for FRP/metal joints on the heat input. Journal of Advanced Joining Processes 2, pages 100032.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Yuxiang Li, Huiyang Zhang, Yibo Li, Qing Pan & Xiaolan Han. (2020) Investigation of a renovating process for failure clinched joint to join thin-walled structures. Thin-Walled Structures 151, pages 106686.
Crossref
Danielle Bond, Fabiana Arissa Suzuki & Régis Kovacs Scalice. (2020) Sheet metal joining process selector. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 42:5.
Crossref
Luis M. Alves, Rafael M. Afonso & Paulo A. F. Martins. (2020) Double-sided self-pierce riveting. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 108:5-6, pages 1541-1549.
Crossref
Yang Liu, Weimin Zhuang & Shijie Wu. (2020) Damage to carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) in hole-clinched joints with aluminium alloy and CFRP. Composite Structures 234, pages 111710.
Crossref
Yang Liu, Weimin Zhuang & Shijie Wu. (2020) Effects of hole diameter and ply angle on the mechanical behaviour of hole-clinched joints in carbon fibre reinforced polymers and aluminium alloy sheets. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 106:11-12, pages 5345-5352.
Crossref
Lei Lei, Xiaocong He, Baoying Xing, Desuo Zhao, Fengshou Gu & Andrew Ball. (2019) Effect of foam copper interlayer on the mechanical properties and fretting wear of sandwich clinched joints. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 274, pages 116285.
Crossref
Vahid Babalo, Mahdi Soltanpour & Ali Fazli. (2019) High speed circular hemming; a novel joining process for thin and low-ductile sheets. Thin-Walled Structures 142, pages 98-115.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Yuxiang Li, Zhanyu Zhai, Shengdun Zhao, Peng Zhang, Minghui Huang & Yibo li. (2019) Comparative investigation of three different reforming processes for clinched joint to increase joining strength. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 45, pages 83-91.
Crossref
Francesco Gagliardi, Domenico Palaia & Giuseppina Ambrogio. (2019) Energy consumption and CO2 emissions of joining processes for manufacturing hybrid structures. Journal of Cleaner Production 228, pages 425-436.
Crossref
Xianlian Zhang, Xiaocong He, Fengshou Gu & Andrew Ball. (2019) Self-piercing riveting of aluminium–lithium alloy sheet materials. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 268, pages 192-200.
Crossref
Michał Rejek, Nikodem Wróbel, Jolanta Królczyk & Grzegorz Królczyk. (2019) Designing and Testing Cold-Formed Rounded Connections Made on a Prototype Station. Materials 12:7, pages 1061.
Crossref
Masoud Salamati, Mahdi Soltanpour, Ali Fazli & Asghar Zajkani. (2018) Processing and tooling considerations in joining by forming technologies; part A—mechanical joining. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 101:1-4, pages 261-315.
Crossref
Marcio Brandani Tenorio, Sergio Fernando Lajarin, Manolo Lutero Gipiela & Paulo Victor Prestes Marcondes. (2019) The influence of tool geometry and process parameters on joined sheets by clinching. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering 41:2.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Xiaolan Han, Shengdun Zhao, Fan Xu, Xuzhe Zhao & Tohru Ishida. (2017) Influence of sheet thickness on mechanical clinch–compress joining technology. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part E: Journal of Process Mechanical Engineering 232:6, pages 662-673.
Crossref
Toby Padfield. 2018. Aluminum Science and Technology. Aluminum Science and Technology 790 808 .
Mostafa K. Sabra Atia & Mukesh K. Jain. (2018) A parametric study of FE modeling of die-less clinching of AA7075 aluminum sheets. Thin-Walled Structures 132, pages 717-728.
Crossref
Lei Lei, Xiaocong He, Desuo Zhao, Yue Zhang, Fengshou Gu & Andrew Ball. (2018) Clinch-bonded hybrid joining for similar and dissimilar copper alloy, aluminium alloy and galvanised steel sheets. Thin-Walled Structures 131, pages 393-403.
Crossref
Vahid Babalo, Ali Fazli & Mahdi Soltanpour. (2018) Electro-Hydraulic Clinching: A novel high speed joining process. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 35, pages 559-569.
Crossref
Francesco Lambiase & Antoniomaria Di Ilio. (2018) Joining Aluminum with Titanium alloy sheets by mechanical clinching. Journal of Manufacturing Processes 35, pages 457-465.
Crossref
Jiamu Liu, Xiaocong He, Wenyou Ding & Kai Zeng. (2018) Influence of Metallic Foam Inter-Layers on the Mechanical Properties of Self-Piercing Riveted Sandwich Joints. MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 59:9, pages 1440-1445.
Crossref
Yu Zhang, Caimei Wang, He Shan, Yang Li & Zhen Luo. (2018) High-toughness joining of aluminum alloy 5754 and DQSK steel using hybrid clinching–welding process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology 259, pages 33-44.
Crossref
Yue Zhang, Xiaocong He, Yifeng Wang, Yi Lu, Fengshou Gu & Andrew Ball. (2018) Study on failure mechanism of mechanical clinching in aluminium sheet materials. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 96:9-12, pages 3057-3068.
Crossref
Ken-ichiro Mori & Yohei Abe. (2018) A review on mechanical joining of aluminium and high strength steel sheets by plastic deformation. International Journal of Lightweight Materials and Manufacture 1:1, pages 1-11.
Crossref
Daisuke SASAKI, Yuki TAMPA & Toru KATO. (2018) Hydrogen Embrittlement Caused by Work Hardening and Stress Concentration on Mild Steel/Aluminum Clinched Joint軟鋼－アルミニウム合金メカニカルクリンチ接合体における加工硬化と応力集中に起因した水素脆化. Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 67:2, pages 170-176.
Crossref
Mingming Chu, Xiaocong He, Jie Zhang & Lei Lei. (2018) Clinching of Similar and Dissimilar Sheet Materials of Galvanized Steel, Aluminium Alloy and Titanium Alloy. MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS 59:4, pages 694-697.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Shengdun Zhao, Xiaolan Han, Yongfei Wang & Xuzhe Zhao. (2017) Investigation of Flat Clinching Process Combined with Material Forming Technology for Aluminum Alloy. Materials 10:12, pages 1433.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Xiaolan Han, Shengdun Zhao, Fan Xu, Xuzhe Zhao & Tohru Ishida. (2017) Comparative study on two compressing methods of clinched joints with dissimilar aluminum alloy sheets. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 93:5-8, pages 1929-1937.
Crossref
Chao Chen, Shengdun Zhao, Xiaolan Han, Xuzhe Zhao & Tohru Ishida. (2017) Experimental Investigation on the Joining of Aluminum Alloy Sheets Using Improved Clinching Process. Materials 10:8, pages 887.
Crossref

Related research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.