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Original Articles

Dermal absorption of the insect repellent deet (N,N‐diethyl‐m‐toluamide) in rats and monkeys: Effect of anatomical site and multiple exposure

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Pages 137-147 | Received 09 May 1988, Accepted 05 Aug 1988, Published online: 20 Oct 2009

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Read on this site (7)

John H. Ross, William G. Reifenrath & Jeffrey H. Driver. (2011) Estimation of the Percutaneous Absorption of Permethrin in Humans Using the Parallelogram Method. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 74:6, pages 351-363.
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WilliamG. Reifenrath, JamesJ. Olson, Usha Vedula & ThomasG. Osimitz. (2009) Percutaneous Absorption of an Insect Repellent p-Menthane-3,8-DIOL: A Model for Human Dermal Absorption. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A 72:13, pages 796-806.
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Julie Stinecipher & Jaymin Shah. (1997) PERCUTANEOUS PERMEATION OF N,N-DIETHYL-m-TOLUAMIDE (DEET) FROM COMMERCIAL MOSQUITO REPELLENTS AND THE EFFECT OF SOLVENT. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 52:2, pages 119-135.
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RichardP. Moody, RonaldC. Wester, JosephL. Melendres & HowardI. Maibach. (1992) Dermal absorption of the phenoxy herbicide 2,4‐D dimethylamine in humans: Effect of DEET and anatomic site. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 36:3, pages 241-250.
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RichardP. Moody, ClaireA. Franklin, Leonard Ritter & HowardI. Maibach. (1990) Dermal absorption of the phenoxy herbicides 2,4‐D, 2,4‐D amine, 2,4‐D isooctyl, and 2,4,5‐T in rabbits, rats, rhesus monkeys, and humans: A cross‐species comparison. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 29:3, pages 237-245.
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RichardP. Moody, Michael Grayhurst & Len Ritter. (1989) Evaluation of the rat tail model for estimating dermal absorption of lindane. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 28:3, pages 317-326.
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RichardP. Moody & Leonard Ritter. (1989) Dermal absorption of the insecticide lindane (1δ, 2δ, 3β, 4δ, 5δ, 6β‐hexachlorocyclohexane) in rats and rhesus monkeys: Effect of anatomical site. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health 28:2, pages 161-169.
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Articles from other publishers (29)

Sean M. Hays & Christopher R. Kirman. (2023) Biomonitoring Equivalents for N,N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide (DEET). Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 145, pages 105506.
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Jennifer C. Gibson, Leonora Marro, Danielle Brandow, Lauren Remedios, Mandy Fisher, Michael M. Borghese, Katarzyna Kieliszkiewicz, Anna O. Lukina & Kim Irwin. (2023) Biomonitoring of DEET and DCBA in Canadian children following typical protective insect repellent use. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 248, pages 114093.
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Jennifer C. Gibson, Leonora Marro, Michael M. Borghese, Danielle Brandow, Lauren Remedios, Mandy Fisher, Morie Malowany, Katarzyna Kieliszkiewicz, Anna O. Lukina & Kim Irwin. (2022) Development of an observational exposure human biomonitoring study to assess Canadian children’s DEET exposure during protective use. PLOS ONE 17:8, pages e0268341.
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Omar Soukarieh, Caroline Meguerditchian, Carole Proust, Dylan Aïssi, Mélanie Eyries, Aurélie Goyenvalle & David-Alexandre Trégouët. (2022) Common and Rare 5′UTR Variants Altering Upstream Open Reading Frames in Cardiovascular Genomics. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 9.
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Rebecca M. Law, Mai A. Ngo & Howard I. Maibach. 2022. Dermal Absorption and Decontamination. Dermal Absorption and Decontamination 203 221 .
Rebecca M. Law, Mai A. Ngo & Howard I. Maibach. (2019) Twenty Clinically Pertinent Factors/Observations for Percutaneous Absorption in Humans. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology 21:1, pages 85-95.
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Mohammad A. Alfhili, Mabusa B. Nkany, Douglas A. Weidner & Myon-Hee Lee. (2019) Stimulation of eryptosis by broad-spectrum insect repellent N,N-Diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET). Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 370, pages 36-43.
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Lih-Ming Yiin, Jia-Ni Tian & Chien-Che Hung. (2014) Assessment of dermal absorption of DEET-containing insect repellent and oxybenzone-containing sunscreen using human urinary metabolites. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22:9, pages 7062-7070.
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G. Gkinis, A. Michaelakis, G. Koliopoulos, E. Ioannou, O. Tzakou & V. Roussis. (2014) Evaluation of the repellent effects of Nepeta parnassica extract, essential oil, and its major nepetalactone metabolite against mosquitoes. Parasitology Research 113:3, pages 1127-1134.
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Peter Kuklenyik, Samuel E. Baker, Amanda M. Bishop, Pilar Morales-A & Antonia M. Calafat. (2013) On-line solid phase extraction-high performance liquid chromatography–isotope dilution–tandem mass spectrometry approach to quantify N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide and oxidative metabolites in urine. Analytica Chimica Acta 787, pages 267-273.
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Klaus-Peter Wilhelm, Hongbo Zhai & Howard I. MaibachGermaine L. Truisi, Howard I. Maibach & Philip G. Hewitt. 2012. Dermatotoxicology. Dermatotoxicology 43 57 .
Ronald E. Baynes & Jim E. Riviere. 2012. Pesticide Biotransformation and Disposition. Pesticide Biotransformation and Disposition 25 52 .
Kaliyaperumal Karunamoorthi, Kandan Ilango & Kadarkarai Murugan. (2010) Laboratory evaluation of traditionally used plant-based insect repellent against the malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae). Parasitology Research 106:5, pages 1217-1223.
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Ronald E. Baynes & Jim E. Riviere. 2010. Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Hayes' Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology 877 892 .
Buz Salafsky. 2006. Insect Repellents. Insect Repellents 327 336 .
Junwei Zhu, Xiaopeng Zeng, Ting Liu, Kuen Qian, Yuhua Han, Suqin Xue, Brad Tucker, Gretchen Schultz, Joel Coats, Wayne Rowley & Aijun Zhang. (2006) Adult Repellency and Larvicidal Activity of Five Plant Essential Oils Against Mosquitoes. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 22:3, pages 515-522.
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Jim E. Riviere. 2006. Toxicology of Organophosphate & Carbamate Compounds. Toxicology of Organophosphate & Carbamate Compounds 411 422 .
Byeoung-Soo Park, Won-Sik Choi, Jeong-Han Kim, Kap-Ho Kim & Sung-Eun Lee. (2005) MONOTERPENES FROM THYME (THYMUS VULGARIS) AS POTENTIAL MOSQUITO REPELLENTS. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association 21:1, pages 80-83.
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James R Roberts & J Routt Reigart. (2004) Does Anything Beat DEET?. Pediatric Annals 33:7, pages 444-453.
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D. A. Carlson. 2003. Encyclopedia of Agrochemicals. Encyclopedia of Agrochemicals.
G Briassoulis, M Narlioglou & T Hatzis. (2016) Toxic encephalopathy associated with use of DEET insect repellents: a case analysis of its toxicity in children. Human & Experimental Toxicology 20:1, pages 8-14.
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Gerald P. Schoenig & Thomas G. Osimitz. 2001. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology 1439 1459 .
Ronald E. Baynes & Jim E. Riviere. 2001. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology 515 530 .
Ernest Hodgson. 2001. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology. Handbook of Pesticide Toxicology 507 513 .
D. A. Carlson. 2001. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology.
Julie S Ross & Jaymin C Shah. (2000) Reduction in skin permeation of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) by altering the skin/vehicle partition coefficient. Journal of Controlled Release 67:2-3, pages 211-221.
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Hongchun Qiu, H. Won Jun & Jing Tao. (1997) Pharmacokinetics of Insect Repellent N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide in Beagle Dogs following Intravenous and Topical Routes of Administration. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 86:4, pages 514-516.
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R.P. Moody & B. Nadeau. (1993) An automated in vitro dermal absorption procedure: III. In vivo and in vitro comparison with the insect repellent N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide in mouse, rat, guinea pig, pig, human and tissue-cultured skin. Toxicology in Vitro 7:2, pages 167-176.
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R.P. Moody & P.A. Martineau. (1990) An automated in vitro dermal absorption procedure: I. Permeation of 14C-labelled N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide through human skin and effects of short-wave ultraviolet radiation on permeation. Toxicology in Vitro 4:3, pages 193-199.
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