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Original Articles

Head Injury Causation Scenarios for Belted, Rear-Seated Children in Frontal Impacts

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Pages 62-70 | Received 16 Jul 2010, Accepted 20 Sep 2010, Published online: 22 Jan 2011

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (21)

Declan A. Patton, Jalaj Maheshwari, Kristy B. Arbogast & Valentina Graci. (2022) Head contacts in second-row pediatric occupants when the front-seat is reclined during automated emergency braking. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 25:14, pages 1637-1648.
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Chantal S. Parenteau & David C. Viano. (2022) Basilar, skull and facial fractures in 2nd row occupants by crash type with a focus on side and rear impacts. Traffic Injury Prevention 23:5, pages 238-243.
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Lynne E. Bilston, Elizabeth Mills, Nicholas Kent, Julie Brown & Tom Whyte. (2022) Head excursion in frontal impacts is lower in high back booster seats than in forward facing child seats with internal harnesses designed for children up to 8 years of age. Traffic Injury Prevention 23:5, pages 244-249.
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Tom Whyte, Nicholas Kent, Lynne E. Bilston & Julie Brown. (2022) Comparative performance of rearward and forward-facing child restraint systems with common use errors: Effect on crash injury risk for a 1-year-old occupant. Traffic Injury Prevention 23:2, pages 91-96.
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Gretchen H. Baker, Julie A. Mansfield, Randee L. Hunter & John H. Bolte$suffix/text()$suffix/text(). (2021) Evaluation of static belt fit and belt torso contact for children on belt-positioning booster seats. Traffic Injury Prevention 22:sup1, pages S87-S92.
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John-Paul Donlon, Rachel Richardson, Mohan Jayathirtha, Jason Forman, Jason Kerrigan, Richard Kent, Kristy B. Arbogast, Vivek Maripudi & Mike Scavnicky. (2020) Kinematics of inboard-leaning occupants in frontal impacts. Traffic Injury Prevention 21:4, pages 272-277.
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Christine Holt, Thomas Seacrist, Ethan Douglas, Valentina Graci, Jason Kerrigan, Richard Kent, Sriram Balasubramanian & Kristy B. Arbogast. (2020) The effect of vehicle countermeasures and age on human volunteer kinematics during evasive swerving events. Traffic Injury Prevention 21:1, pages 48-54.
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Gretchen Baker, Isabelle Stockman, Katarina Bohman, Lotta Jakobsson, Anna-Lisa Osvalder, Mats Svensson & Maria Wimmerstedt. (2018) Kinematics and shoulder belt engagement of children on belt-positioning boosters during evasive steering maneuvers. Traffic Injury Prevention 19:sup1, pages S131-S138.
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Katarina Bohman, Kristy B. Arbogast, Helen Loeb, Judith L. Charlton, Sjaan Koppel & Suzanne L. Cross. (2018) Frontal and oblique crash tests of HIII 6-year-old child ATD using real-world, observed child passenger postures. Traffic Injury Prevention 19:sup1, pages S125-S130.
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O. Juste-Lorente, M. Maza, A. I. Lorente & F. J. Lopez-Valdes. (2018) Differences in the kinematics of booster-seated pediatric occupants using two different car seats. Traffic Injury Prevention 19:1, pages 18-22.
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Lauren Wood Zaseck, Nichole Ritchie Orton, Rebekah Gruber, Jonathan Rupp, Risa Scherer, Matthew Reed & Jingwen Hu. (2017) The influence of personal protection equipment, occupant body size, and restraint system on the frontal impact responses of Hybrid III ATDs in tactical vehicles. Traffic Injury Prevention 18:6, pages 642-649.
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Isabelle Stockman, Katarina Bohman & Lotta Jakobsson. (2017) Seat belt pre-pretensioner effect on child-sized dummies during run-off-road events. Traffic Injury Prevention 18:sup1, pages S96-S102.
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Anna-Lisa Osvalder, Ida Hansson & Katarina Bohman. (2015) Children's and Adults’ Comfort Experience of Extra Seat Belts When Riding in the Rear Seat of a Passenger Car. Traffic Injury Prevention 16:sup2, pages S46-S51.
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Benjamin Beck, Julie Brown & Lynne E. Bilston. (2014) Assessment of Vehicle and Restraint Design Changes for Mitigating Rear Seat Occupant Injuries. Traffic Injury Prevention 15:7, pages 711-719.
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Katarina Bohman, Helena Stigson & Maria Krafft. (2014) Long-Term Medical Consequences for Child Occupants 0 to 12 Years Injured in Car Crashes. Traffic Injury Prevention 15:4, pages 370-378.
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Isabelle Stockman, Katarina Bohman & Lotta Jakobsson. (2013) Kinematics and Shoulder Belt Position of Child Anthropomorphic Test Devices During Steering Maneuvers. Traffic Injury Prevention 14:8, pages 797-806.
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Marianne Andersson, Bengt Pipkorn & Per Lövsund. (2013) Rear Seat Child Safety in Near-Side Impacts: A Modeling Study of Common Sitting Positions. Traffic Injury Prevention 14:2, pages 198-208.
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Isabelle Stockman, Katarina Bohman, Lotta Jakobsson & Karin Brolin. (2013) Kinematics of Child Volunteers and Child Anthropomorphic Test Devices During Emergency Braking Events in Real Car Environment. Traffic Injury Prevention 14:1, pages 92-102.
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Marianne Andersson, Bengt Pipkorn & Per Lövsund. (2012) Evaluation of the Head Kinematics of the Q3 Model and a Modified Q3 Model by Means of Crash Reconstruction. Traffic Injury Prevention 13:6, pages 600-611.
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KristyB. Arbogast, Samantha Wozniak, CaitlinM. Locey, MatthewR. Maltese & MarkR. Zonfrillo. (2012) Head Impact Contact Points for Restrained Child Occupants. Traffic Injury Prevention 13:2, pages 172-181.
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Marianne Skjerven-Martinsen, Pal Aksel Naess, Trond Boye Hansen, Torleiv Ole Rognum, Inggard Lereim & Arne Stray-Pedersen. (2011) In-Depth Evaluation of Real-World Car Collisions: Fatal and Severe Injuries in Children Are Predominantly Caused by Restraint Errors and Unstrapped Cargo. Traffic Injury Prevention 12:5, pages 491-499.
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Articles from other publishers (15)

Weihan Li, Xianxu “Frank” Bai, Ping Jiang, Ling Yuan, Hui Liu, Pu Gao, Anding Zhu & Jiabao Pan. (2023) Magnetorheological semi-active shock mitigation control. Part I: numerical analysis and preliminary tests. Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, pages 1045389X2211510.
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Chantal Parenteau & David Viano. Update on Second-Row Children Responses in Rear and Frontal Crashes with a Focus on the Potential Effect of Stiffening Front Seat Structures. Update on Second-Row Children Responses in Rear and Frontal Crashes with a Focus on the Potential Effect of Stiffening Front Seat Structures.
Valentina Graci, Ethan Douglas, Thomas Seacrist, Jason Kerrigan, Julie Mansfield, John Bolte, Rini Sherony, Jason Hallman & Kristy Arbogast. (2020) Age Differences in Occupant Motion during Simulated In-Vehicle Swerving Maneuvers. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17:6, pages 1834.
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P. Posuniak, M. Jaskiewicz, K. Kowalski & F. Dabrowski. (2018) Child restraint systems: Problems related to the safety of children transported in booster seats (without integral safety belts). Child restraint systems: Problems related to the safety of children transported in booster seats (without integral safety belts).
Helen Loeb, Jinyong Kim, Kristy Arbogast, Jonny Kuo, Sjaan Koppel, Suzanne Cross & Judith Charlton. (2017) Automated recognition of rear seat occupants' head position using Kinect™ 3D point cloud. Journal of Safety Research 63, pages 135-143.
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Laure-Lise Gras, Isabelle Stockman & Karin Brolin. (2017) Evaluation of 6 and 10 Year-Old Child Human Body Models in Emergency Events. PLOS ONE 12:1, pages e0170377.
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Jason Stammen, Kevin Moorhouse, Brian Suntay, Michael Carlson & Yun-Seok Kang. The Large Omnidirectional Child (LODC) ATD: Biofidelity Comparison with the Hybrid III 10 Year Old. The Large Omnidirectional Child (LODC) ATD: Biofidelity Comparison with the Hybrid III 10 Year Old.
Ben Beck, Lynne E Bilston & Julie Brown. (2016) Injury patterns of rear seat occupants in frontal impact: an in-depth crash investigation study. Injury Prevention 22:3, pages 165-170.
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Y. Peng, R. Li, G. B. Li, X. M. Yang & D. Zhou. (2015) Method for investigation of child occupant impact dynamics based on real-world accident. International Journal of Automotive Technology 16:5, pages 791-797.
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Karin Brolin, Isabelle Stockman, Marianne Andersson, Katarina Bohman, Laure-Lise Gras & Lotta Jakobsson. (2015) Safety of children in cars: A review of biomechanical aspects and human body models. IATSS Research 38:2, pages 92-102.
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Marianne Skjerven-Martinsen, Paal Aksel Naess, Trond Boye Hansen, Christine Gaarder, Inggard Lereim & Arne Stray-Pedersen. (2014) A prospective study of children aged <16 years in motor vehicle collisions in Norway: Severe injuries are observed predominantly in older children and are associated with restraint misuse. Accident Analysis & Prevention 73, pages 151-162.
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Kristy B. Arbogast & Dennis R. Durbin. 2013. Pediatric Injury Biomechanics. Pediatric Injury Biomechanics 33 86 .
Jillian E. UrbanChristopher T. WhitlowColston A. EdgertonAlexander K. PowersJoseph A. MaldjianJoel D. Stitzel. (2012) Motor Vehicle Crash-Related Subdural Hematoma from Real-World Head Impact Data. Journal of Neurotrauma 29:18, pages 2774-2781.
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Jason A. Stammen, Rodney Herriott, Yun-Seok Kang, Rebecca Dupaix & John Bolte IV. Dynamic Properties of the Upper Thoracic Spine-Pectoral Girdle (UTS-PG) System and Corresponding Kinematics in PMHS Sled Tests. Dynamic Properties of the Upper Thoracic Spine-Pectoral Girdle (UTS-PG) System and Corresponding Kinematics in PMHS Sled Tests.
Kristy B. Arbogast, Matthew R. Maltese, Caitlin Locey & Katarina Bohman. (2012) Headform Impact Tests to Assess Energy Management of Seat Back Contact Points Associated with Head Injury for Pediatric Occupants. SAE International Journal of Passenger Cars - Mechanical Systems 5:1, pages 454-467.
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