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Original Articles

Detection of Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in the Blood of Drivers in an Alcohol Ignition Interlock Program

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Pages 136-141 | Received 24 Jun 2010, Accepted 28 Nov 2010, Published online: 04 Apr 2011

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (2)

Pamela Bean, Guida Brown, Patricia Hallinan, Sergio Becerra & Doug Lewis. (2017) Improved recovery of repeat intoxicated drivers using fingernails and blood spots to monitor alcohol and other substance abuse. Traffic Injury Prevention 18:1, pages 9-18.
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PaulR. Marques, A. Scott Tippetts & Michel Yegles. (2014) Ethylglucuronide in Hair Is a Top Predictor of Impaired Driving Recidivism, Alcohol Dependence, and a Key Marker of the Highest BAC Interlock Tests. Traffic Injury Prevention 15:4, pages 361-369.
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Articles from other publishers (28)

Daniel White, Michael Fitzpatrick, Brett McWhinney, Sam Salman & David A. Joyce. (2023) LC‐MS/MS analysis of erythrocyte phosphatidylethanol in haematocrit‐corrected whole blood versus isolated erythrocytes: Results of an inter‐laboratory comparison. Drug Testing and Analysis.
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Daniel White, Somayeh Abbas zadeh, Sean O’Halloran, Sam Salman & David A Joyce. (2022) Haematocrit Correction of Whole Blood Phosphatidylethanol Concentrations to Estimate Erythrocyte PEth Concentrations: Sensitivity, Specificity and Influence on Test Utility. Journal of Analytical Toxicology.
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Karolina A. Ikonnikova, Nikolay N. Eroshhenko, Evgenia V. Shikh & Vladimir N. Drozdov. (2022) Clinical and diagnostic value of alcohol biomarkers. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology:7, pages 211-223.
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Marc Luginbühl, Katleen Van Uytfanghe, Frederike Stöth, Friedrich M. Wurst & Christophe P. Stove. (2022) Current evolutions, applications, and challenges of phosphatidylethanol analysis for clinical and forensic purposes. WIREs Forensic Science 4:5.
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Olof Beck, Maria Mellring, Christian Löwbeer, Sabina Seferaj & Anders Helander. (2021) Measurement of the alcohol biomarker phosphatidylethanol (PEth) in dried blood spots and venous blood—importance of inhibition of post-sampling formation from ethanol. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 413:22, pages 5601-5606.
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Ragnhild Bergene Skråstad, Olav Spigset, Trond Oskar Aamo & Trine Naalsund Andreassen. (2021) Stability of Phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 in Freshly Drawn, Authentic Samples from Healthy Volunteers. Journal of Analytical Toxicology 45:4, pages 417-421.
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Joanna Stenton, Lisa Walther, Therese Hansson, Anders Andersson & Anders Isaksson. (2019) Inter Individual Variation and Factors Regulating the Formation of Phosphatidylethanol. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 43:11, pages 2322-2331.
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William Ulwelling & Kim Smith. (2018) The PEth Blood Test in the Security Environment: What it is; Why it is Important; and Interpretative Guidelines. Journal of Forensic Sciences 63:6, pages 1634-1640.
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Hilke Andresen-Streichert, Alexander Müller, Alexander Glahn, Gisela Skopp & Martina Sterneck. (2018) Alcohol Biomarkers in Clinical and Forensic Contexts. Deutsches Ärzteblatt international.
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Anders Isaksson, Lisa Walther, Therese Hansson, Anders Andersson, Joanna Stenton & Anders Blomgren. (2018) High-Throughput LC-MS/MS Method for Determination of the Alcohol Use Biomarker Phosphatidylethanol in Clinical Samples by Use of a Simple Automated Extraction Procedure—Preanalytical and Analytical Conditions. The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine 2:6, pages 880-892.
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Trine Naalsund Andreassen, Hilde Havnen, Olav Spigset, Berit Margrethe Hasle Falch & Ragnhild Bergene Skråstad. (2018) High Throughput UPLC®-MSMS Method for the Analysis of Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) 16:0/18:1, a Specific Biomarker for Alcohol Consumption, in Whole Blood. Journal of Analytical Toxicology 42:1, pages 33-41.
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Majid Afshar, Ellen L. Burnham, Cara Joyce, Brendan J. Clark, Meagan Yong, Jeannette Gaydos, Richard S. Cooper, Gordon S. Smith, Elizabeth J. Kovacs & Erin M. Lowery. (2017) Cut-Point Levels of Phosphatidylethanol to Identify Alcohol Misuse in a Mixed Cohort Including Critically Ill Patients. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 41:10, pages 1745-1753.
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Mariana Duarte, Kishore Kumar Jagadeesan, Johan Billing, Ecevit Yilmaz, Thomas Laurell & Simon Ekström. (2017) Solid-phase extraction of the alcohol abuse biomarker phosphatidylethanol using newly synthesized polymeric sorbent materials containing quaternary heterocyclic groups. Journal of Chromatography A 1519, pages 1-8.
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Andrew K. Littlefield, Jennifer L. Brown, Ralph J. DiClemente, Polina Safonova, Jessica M. Sales, Eve S. Rose, Nikolay Belyakov & Vadim V. Rassokhin. (2017) Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) as a Biomarker of Alcohol Consumption in HIV-Infected Young Russian Women: Comparison to Self-Report Assessments of Alcohol Use. AIDS and Behavior 21:7, pages 1938-1949.
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Sander De Bruyne, Tinne Monteyne, Marijn M. Speeckaert & Joris R. Delanghe. (2017) Infrared analysis of lipoproteins in the detection of alcohol biomarkers. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) 55:6, pages 876-881.
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Natalie Kummer, Sarah M.R. Wille, Anneleen Poll, Willy E.E. Lambert, Nele Samyn & Christophe P. Stove. (2016) Quantification of EtG in hair, EtG and EtS in urine and PEth species in capillary dried blood spots to assess the alcohol consumption in driver’s licence regranting cases. Drug and Alcohol Dependence 165, pages 191-197.
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Martin A. Javors, Nathalie Hill-Kapturczak, John D. Roache, Tara E. Karns-Wright & Donald M. Dougherty. (2016) Characterization of the Pharmacokinetics of Phosphatidylethanol 16:0/18:1 and 16:0/18:2 in Human Whole Blood After Alcohol Consumption in a Clinical Laboratory Study. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 40:6, pages 1228-1234.
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Ludmila N. Bakhireva, Shikhar Shrestha, Hilda L. Gutierrez, Mike Berry, Cheryl Schmitt & Dusadee Sarangarm. (2016) Stability of Phosphatidylethanol in Dry Blood Spot Cards. Alcohol and Alcoholism 51:3, pages 275-280.
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Lisa Walther, Andrea de Bejczy, Elin Löf, Therese Hansson, Anders Andersson, Joar Guterstam, Anders Hammarberg, Gulber Asanovska, Johan Franck, Bo Söderpalm & Anders Isaksson. (2015) Phosphatidylethanol is Superior to Carbohydrate-Deficient Transferrin and γ -Glutamyltransferase as an Alcohol Marker and is a Reliable Estimate of Alcohol Consumption Level . Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 39:11, pages 2200-2208.
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Friedrich M. Wurst, Natasha Thon, Michel Yegles, Alexandra Schrück, Ulrich W. Preuss & Wolfgang Weinmann. (2015) Ethanol Metabolites: Their Role in the Assessment of Alcohol Intake. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 39:11, pages 2060-2072.
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Stergios Kechagias, Dženeta Nezirević Dernroth, Anders Blomgren, Therese Hansson, Anders Isaksson, Lisa Walther, Robert Kronstrand, Bertil Kågedal & Fredrik H. Nystrom. (2015) Phosphatidylethanol Compared with Other Blood Tests as a Biomarker of Moderate Alcohol Consumption in Healthy Volunteers: A Prospective Randomized Study. Alcohol and Alcoholism 50:4, pages 399-406.
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Radu Nanau & Manuela Neuman. (2015) Biomolecules and Biomarkers Used in Diagnosis of Alcohol Drinking and in Monitoring Therapeutic Interventions. Biomolecules 5:3, pages 1339-1385.
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Amitava Dasgupta. 2015. Alcohol and its Biomarkers. Alcohol and its Biomarkers 181 220 .
Friedrich Martin Wurst, Natasha Thon, Wolfgang Weinmann, Michel Yegles & Ulrich W. Preuss. 2015. Textbook of Addiction Treatment: International Perspectives. Textbook of Addiction Treatment: International Perspectives 261 292 .
Guido Viel, Rafael Boscolo-Berto, Giovanni Cecchetto, Paolo Fais, Alessandro Nalesso & Santo Ferrara. (2012) Phosphatidylethanol in Blood as a Marker of Chronic Alcohol Use: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13:12, pages 14788-14812.
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Judith A. Hahn, Loren M. Dobkin, Bernard Mayanja, Nneka I. Emenyonu, Isaac M. Kigozi, Stephen Shiboski, David R. Bangsberg, Heike Gnann, Wolfgang Weinmann & Friedrich M. Wurst. (2011) Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) as a Biomarker of Alcohol Consumption in HIV‐Positive Patients in Sub‐Saharan Africa. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 36:5, pages 854-862.
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Paul R Marques. (2012) Levels and types of alcohol biomarkers in DUI and clinic samples for estimating workplace alcohol problems. Drug Testing and Analysis 4:2, pages 76-82.
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Alessandro Nalesso, Guido Viel, Giovanni Cecchetto, Davide Mioni, Gloria Pessa, Donata Favretto & Santo Davide Ferrara. (2011) Quantitative profiling of phosphatidylethanol molecular species in human blood by liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectrometry. Journal of Chromatography A 1218:46, pages 8423-8431.
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