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Original Articles

A National Survey of Female Police Officers: An Overview of Findings

Pages 17-30 | Published online: 28 Feb 2007

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (24)

Kerry Carrington, Máximo Sozzo, Vanessa Ryan & Jess Rodgers. (2022) Women-led police stations: reimagining the policing of gender violence in the twenty-first century. Policing and Society 32:5, pages 577-597.
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Weston J. Morrow, Samuel G. Vickovic & John A. Shjarback. (2021) Motivation to enter the police profession in the post-Ferguson era: an exploratory analysis of procedural justice. Criminal Justice Studies 34:2, pages 135-155.
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Kyler R. Nielson, Jurg Gerber & Wen-Chih Huang. (2020) Attitudinal differences between female and male police cadets/officers in Taiwan: the nexus between gender, immigration, and crime. Police Practice and Research 21:5, pages 508-524.
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Mahesh K. Nalla & Yongjae Nam. (2020) Explaining citizen support for women police in India. Police Practice and Research 21:5, pages 491-507.
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Jacqueline M. Drew & Jason Saunders. (2020) Navigating the police promotion system: a comparison by gender of moving up the ranks. Police Practice and Research 21:5, pages 476-490.
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Helen H. Yu & Beth M. Rauhaus. (2019) All Boys Club or Gender Differences? Male Officers Perception of Female Officers’ Workplace Experiences in Federal Law Enforcement. International Journal of Public Administration 42:12, pages 1010-1019.
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Illya Lichtenberg. (2019) A comparative analysis of male and female police officers feloniously killed. Police Practice and Research 20:4, pages 394-404.
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Kimberly Collica-Cox & Dorothy M. Schulz. (2019) Women Wardens and Correction Executives: Paths to Leadership. Corrections 4:2, pages 89-111.
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Randa Embry Matusiak & Matthew C. Matusiak. (2018) Structure and Function: Impact on Employment of Women in Law Enforcement. Women & Criminal Justice 28:4, pages 313-335.
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Ulrika Haake. (2018) Conditions for gender equality in police leadership – making way for senior police women. Police Practice and Research 19:3, pages 241-252.
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Natalie Todak. (2017) The Decision to Become a Police Officer in a Legitimacy Crisis. Women & Criminal Justice 27:4, pages 250-270.
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Roddrick Colvin. (2017) Female Police Officers and Their Experiences: The Metropolitan Police of Buenos Aires Context. Women & Criminal Justice 27:4, pages 219-234.
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Elizabeth C. Dretsch, Robert Moore, Julia N. Campbell & Michael N. Dretsch. (2014) Does Institution Type Predict Students’ Desires to Pursue Law Enforcement Careers?. Journal of Criminal Justice Education 25:3, pages 304-320.
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FranklinT. Wilson & AshleyG. Blackburn. (2014) The Depiction of Female Municipal Police Officers in the First Four Decades of the Core Cop Film Genre: “It's a Man's World”. Women & Criminal Justice 24:2, pages 83-105.
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DorisC. Chu. (2013) Gender integration in policing: a comparison of male and female police officers' perceptions in Taiwan. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 37:2, pages 143-157.
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Merry Morash, Seok Jin Jeong, RobinN. Haarr & Vincent Hoffman. (2011) The connection of police strategies for coping with workplace problems to stress in two countries. International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 35:2, pages 89-103.
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David Mazeika, Brad Bartholomew, Michael Distler, Kyle Thomas, Sarah Greenman & Stephanie Pratt. (2010) Trends in police research: a cross‐sectional analysis of the 2000–2007 literature. Police Practice and Research 11:6, pages 520-547.
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Mary Dodge, Laura Valcore & DavidA. Klinger. (2010) Maintaining Separate Spheres in Policing: Women on SWAT Teams. Women & Criminal Justice 20:3, pages 218-238.
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Articles from other publishers (38)

Zoe Kaplan, Raul Caetano, Patrice Vaeth, Paul Gruenewald, William Ponicki, Rachelle Annechino & Hannah Laqueur. (2023) The Association between the Percentage of Female Law Enforcement Officers and Rape Report, Clearance, and Arrest Rates: A Spatiotemporal Analysis of California. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 39:1-2, pages 157-183.
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Jesse SG Wozniak, Norman Conti & Patrick Doreian. (2023) Police recruit narratives and publicly oriented vocabularies of motive. International Journal of Police Science & Management 25:4, pages 448-458.
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Joanna D. Frazier & Matthew C. Matusiak. (2022) Crossing the Threshold: Organizational and Community Correlates of Female and Minority Representation Among U.S. Law Enforcement Agencies. Police Quarterly 26:3, pages 307-332.
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Kimbely Riddle & Karen Heaton. (2023) Antecedents to Sexual Harassment of Women in Selected Male-Dominated Occupations: A Systematic Review. Workplace Health & Safety 71:8, pages 356-365.
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Wendell C. Wallace. (2022) An Exploration of Deterrent and Motivating Factors for Entry into Policing in Jamaica. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology 38:2, pages 426-436.
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Kerry Carrington, Jess Rodgers, Máximo Sozzo & María Victoria Puyol. (2022) Re-theorizing the progress of women in policing: An alternative perspective from the Global South. Theoretical Criminology 27:2, pages 283-304.
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Angela Sands, Laurel Westerman, Jenna Prochnau & Henry Blankenau. (2022) “Police Sexual Violence: A Study of Policewomen as Victims”. Police Quarterly 26:1, pages 3-23.
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Travis A Taniguchi, Jennifer R Rineer, Katherine Hoogesteyn, Sean Wire & Lauren Mangum. (2023) Recruiting women into policing: Experimentally testing the effectiveness of recruiting materials. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice 17.
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Wendell C. Wallace & Malisa Neptune-Figaro. (2021) A Comparison of Women’s Motivations to Enter the Police Profession in the Caribbean. Feminist Criminology 17:5, pages 567-586.
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Bruce G. Taylor, Poulami Maitra, Elizabeth Mumford & Weiwei Liu. (2020) Sexual Harassment of Law Enforcement Officers: Findings From a Nationally Representative Survey. Journal of Interpersonal Violence 37:11-12, pages NP8454-NP8478.
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Wendell C. Wallace. (2021) Exploring recruits’ motivations to enter policing in Small Island Developing States: The case of the Trinidad and Tobago Police Service. International Journal of Police Science & Management 23:4, pages 345-357.
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Vanessa M. Diaz & Lidia E. Nuño. (2021) Women and Policing: An Assessment of Factors Related to the Likelihood of Pursuing a Career as a Police Officer. Police Quarterly 24:4, pages 465-485.
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Angela L Workman-Stark. (2021) Who Am I? Who Are We? Exploring the Factors That Contribute to Work-Related Identities in Policing. Policing: A Journal of Policy and Practice 15:2, pages 995-1010.
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Helen H. Yu & David Lee. (2019) Women and Public Organization: An Examination of Mentorship and Its Effect on Reporting Workplace Discrimination. Review of Public Personnel Administration 41:2, pages 274-293.
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Angela Workman-Stark. (2020) Countering a masculinity contest culture at work: the moderating role of organizational justice. International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior 24:1, pages 6-23.
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Helen H. Yu. (2020) Does Agency Type Matter for Female Federal Agents? Exploring the Offices of Inspectors General. Public Personnel Management 50:1, pages 3-24.
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Janelle E. Wells, Melanie Sartore-Baldwin, Nefertiti A. Walker & Cheryl E. Gray. (2021) Stigma Consciousness and Work Outcomes of Senior Woman Administrators: The Role of Workplace Incivility. Journal of Sport Management 35:1, pages 69-80.
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Nina Jon. (2020) Mangel på kvinnelig, spesialtrent operativt personell:Hvor «trykker skoen»?. Nordic Journal of Studies in Policing 7:3, pages 199-217.
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Rachael M. Rief & Samantha S. Clinkinbeard. (2020) Exploring Gendered Environments in Policing: Workplace Incivilities and Fit Perceptions in Men and Women Officers. Police Quarterly 23:4, pages 427-450.
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Timothy C. Brown, Julie M. Baldwin, Rick Dierenfeldt & Steven McCain. (2019) Playing the Game: A Qualitative Exploration of the Female Experience in a Hypermasculine Policing Environment. Police Quarterly 23:2, pages 143-173.
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Richard Rosenfeld, Thaddeus L. Johnson & Richard Wright. (2018) Are College-Educated Police Officers Different? A Study of Stops, Searches, and Arrests. Criminal Justice Policy Review 31:2, pages 206-236.
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Helen H. Yu & David Lee. (2019) Gender and Public Organization: A Quasi-Experimental Examination of Inclusion on Experiencing and Reporting Wrongful Behavior in the Workplace. Public Personnel Management 49:1, pages 3-28.
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Candice Batton & Emily M. Wright. (2018) Patriarchy and the Structure of Employment in Criminal Justice: Differences in the Experiences of Men and Women Working in the Legal Profession, Corrections, and Law Enforcement. Feminist Criminology 14:3, pages 287-306.
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Tammy S. Garland, Ashley G. Blackburn, John A. Browne & Candace D. Blanfort. (2017) Prime-Time Representations of Female Federal Agents in Television Dramas. Feminist Criminology 13:5, pages 609-631.
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Josie Francesca Cambareri & Joseph B. Kuhns. (2018) Perceptions and Perceived Challenges Associated With a Hypothetical Career in Law Enforcement: Differences Among Male and Female College Students. Police Quarterly 21:3, pages 335-357.
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Shannon L. Rawski & Angela L. Workman‐Stark. (2018) Masculinity Contest Cultures in Policing Organizations and Recommendations for Training Interventions. Journal of Social Issues 74:3, pages 607-627.
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Eric E. Otenyo & Earlene A. S. Camarillo. 2017. Corruption, Accountability and Discretion. Corruption, Accountability and Discretion 143 161 .
Angela L. Workman-StarkAngela L. Workman-Stark. 2017. Inclusive Policing from the Inside Out. Inclusive Policing from the Inside Out 1 17 .
Helen H. Yu. (2014) An Examination of Women in Federal Law Enforcement. Feminist Criminology 10:3, pages 259-278.
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Corina Schulze. (2012) P.I. Jane: Predictors of women's representation in private investigations. Security Journal 27:4, pages 361-373.
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Doris C. Chu & Mohammed Murad Abdulla. (2014) Self-efficacy Beliefs and Preferred Gender Role in Policing. British Journal of Criminology 54:3, pages 449-468.
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Amie M. Schuck. (2014) Female Representation in Law Enforcement: The Influence of Screening, Unions, Incentives, Community Policing, CALEA, and Size. Police Quarterly 17:1, pages 54-78.
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Robin N. Haarr & Merry Morash. (2013) The Effect of Rank on Police Women Coping With Discrimination and Harassment. Police Quarterly 16:4, pages 395-419.
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Kimberly A. Lonsway, Rebecca Paynich & Jennifer N. Hall. (2013) Sexual Harassment in Law Enforcement. Police Quarterly 16:2, pages 177-210.
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Mary Dodge, Laura Valcore & Frances Gomez. (2011) Women on SWAT teams: separate but equal?. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 34:4, pages 699-712.
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Claire Angelique R.I. Nolasco & Michael S. Vaughn. (2011) Judicial scrutiny of gender-based employment practices in the criminal justice system. Journal of Criminal Justice 39:2, pages 106-119.
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Tim Prenzler, Jenny Fleming & Amanda L. King. (2010) Gender Equity in Australian and New Zealand Policing: A Five-Year Review. International Journal of Police Science & Management 12:4, pages 584-595.
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Chaiyavej Somvadee & Merry Morash. (2008) Dynamics of sexual harassment for policewomen working alongside men. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management 31:3, pages 485-498.
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