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APPLIED SPORT SCIENCES

A proposed theoretical model to explain relative age effects in sport

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Pages 630-637 | Published online: 05 Mar 2013

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (35)

Gabriele Morganti, Adam L. Kelly, Gennaro Apollaro, Laura Pantanella, Mario Esposito, Alberto Grossi & Bruno Ruscello. (2023) Relative age effects and the youth-to-senior transition in Italian soccer: the underdog hypothesis versus knock-on effects of relative age. Science and Medicine in Football 7:4, pages 406-412.
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Paolo Riccardo Brustio, Mattia Stival & Gennaro Boccia. (2023) Relative age effect reversal on the junior-to-senior transition in world-class athletics. Journal of Sports Sciences 0:0, pages 1-7.
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Gabriele Morganti, Adam L. Kelly, Gennaro Apollaro, Laura Pantanella, Mario Esposito, Alberto Grossi & Bruno Ruscello. (2023) All roads lead to Rome? Exploring birthplace effects and the ‘southern question’ in Italian soccer. Soccer & Society 0:0, pages 1-14.
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John M. Radnor, Jon L. Oliver, Ian Dobbs, Megan Wong, Thomas W. Brown, Rhodri S. Lloyd & Adam L. Kelly. (2023) Selection into youth cricket academies: The influence of relative age and maturity status. Journal of Sports Sciences 41:3, pages 272-279.
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Meiling Zhao, Xiaowei Han, Li Che, Chenhui Qi, Xiaoni Ma & Shizhi Wang. (2023) The relative age effect and gender difference on fundamental motor skills in preschool children aged 4–5 years. Early Child Development and Care 193:2, pages 174-184.
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Kyle J.M. Bennett, Andrew R. Novak, Job Fransen & Rob Duffield. (2023) The prevalence of relative age effects and the influence of the talent pool size on Australian male and female youth football. Journal of Sports Sciences 41:2, pages 172-180.
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Tor Söderström, Peter Brusvik, Magnus Ferry & Stefan Lund. (2022) Selected 15-year-old boy and girl football players’ continuation with football and competitive level in young adulthood: the impact of individual and contextual factors. European Journal for Sport and Society 19:4, pages 368-387.
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Daniel E. Goldman, Jennifer Turnnidge, Adam L. Kelly, Jason deVos & Jean Côté. (2022) Athlete perceptions of playing-up in youth soccer. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 34:4, pages 862-885.
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Adam L. Kelly, Daniel T. Jackson, Donald Barrell, Kate Burke & Kevin Till. (2022) The relative age effect in male and female English age-grade rugby union: Exploring the gender-specific mechanisms that underpin participation. Science and Medicine in Football 6:3, pages 277-284.
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Simon J. Roberts, Allistair P. McRobert, James Rudd, Kevin Enright & Matthew J. Reeves. (2021) Research in Another un-Examined (RAE) context. A chronology of 35 years of relative age effect research in soccer: is it time to move on?. Science and Medicine in Football 5:4, pages 301-309.
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I. Peña-González, A. Javaloyes, J. M. Sarabia & M. Moya-Ramón. (2021) Relative age-related differences between different competitive levels and field positions in young soccer players. Research in Sports Medicine 29:3, pages 254-264.
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Rocío Cupeiro, Miguel A. Rojo-Tirado, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Enrique G. Artero, Ana B. Peinado, Idoia Labayen, Cecilia Dorado, Natalia M. Arias-Palencia, Diego Moliner-Urdiales, Josep Vidal-Conti, Julio Conde-Caveda, Jose Mora-Gonzalez, Germán Vicente-Rodríguez & Pedro J. Benito. (2020) The relative age effect on physical fitness in preschool children. Journal of Sports Sciences 38:13, pages 1506-1515.
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Shaun Abbott, Kylie Moulds, James Salter, Michael Romann, Lucy Edwards & Stephen Cobley. (2020) Testing the application of corrective adjustment procedures for removal of relative age effects in female youth swimming. Journal of Sports Sciences 38:10, pages 1077-1084.
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Susana M Gil, Iraia Bidaurrazaga-Letona, Imanol Martin-Garetxana, Jose A Lekue & Jon Larruskain. (2020) Does birth date influence career attainment in professional soccer?. Science and Medicine in Football 4:2, pages 119-126.
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Irene R. Faber, Meihan Liu, Valérian Cece, Ren Jie, Guillaume Martinent, Jörg Schorer & Marije T. Elferink-Gemser. (2020) The interaction between within-year and between-year effects across ages in elite table tennis in international and national contexts – A further exploration of relative age effects in sports. High Ability Studies 31:1, pages 115-128.
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Josu Barrenetxea-Garcia, Jon Torres-Unda, Izaro Esain & Susana M Gil. (2019) Relative age effect and left-handedness in world class water polo male and female players. Laterality 24:3, pages 259-273.
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Tor Söderström, Josef Fahlén, Magnus Ferry & Jun Yu. (2018) Athletic ability in childhood and adolescence as a predictor of participation in non-elite sports in young adulthood. Sport in Society 21:11, pages 1686-1703.
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Michael Romann, Roland Rössler, Marie Javet & Oliver Faude. (2018) Relative age effects in Swiss talent development – a nationwide analysis of all sports. Journal of Sports Sciences 36:17, pages 2025-2031.
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Luca Fumarco & Giambattista Rossi. (2018) The relative age effect on labour market outcomes – evidence from Italian football. European Sport Management Quarterly 18:4, pages 501-516.
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Iván Peña-González, Jaime Fernández-Fernández, Manuel Moya-Ramón & Eduardo Cervelló. (2018) Relative Age Effect, Biological Maturation, and Coaches’ Efficacy Expectations in Young Male Soccer Players. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 89:3, pages 373-379.
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David J. Hancock, Patrícia Coutinho, Jean Côté & Isabel Mesquita. (2018) Influences of population size and density on birthplace effects. Journal of Sports Sciences 36:1, pages 33-38.
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David L. Mann & Pleun J. M. A. van Ginneken. (2017) Age-ordered shirt numbering reduces the selection bias associated with the relative age effect. Journal of Sports Sciences 35:8, pages 784-790.
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Laura Finnegan, David Richardson, Martin Littlewood & Jean McArdle. (2017) The influence of date and place of birth on youth player selection to a National Football Association elite development programme. Science and Medicine in Football 1:1, pages 30-39.
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L. Verburgh, E. J. A. Scherder, P. A. M. van Lange & J. Oosterlaan. (2016) The key to success in elite athletes? Explicit and implicit motor learning in youth elite and non-elite soccer players. Journal of Sports Sciences 34:18, pages 1782-1790.
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Werner F. Helsen, Joseph Baker, Joerg Schorer, Christina Steingröver, Nick Wattie & Janet L. Starkes. (2016) Relative age effects in a cognitive task: A case study of youth chess. High Ability Studies 27:2, pages 211-221.
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Georgios Andronikos, Adeboye Israel Elumaro, Tony Westbury & Russell J. J. Martindale. (2016) Relative age effect: implications for effective practice. Journal of Sports Sciences 34:12, pages 1124-1131.
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Brad Hill & Popi Sotiriadou. (2016) Coach decision-making and the relative age effect on talent selection in football. European Sport Management Quarterly 16:3, pages 292-315.
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Philip Furley & Daniel Memmert. (2016) Coaches’ implicit associations between size and giftedness: implications for the relative age effect. Journal of Sports Sciences 34:5, pages 459-466.
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Jean Côté & David J. Hancock. (2016) Evidence-based policies for youth sport programmes. International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics 8:1, pages 51-65.
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Scott Veldhuizen, John Cairney, John Hay & Brent Faught. (2015) Relative age effects in fitness testing in a general school sample: how relative are they?. Journal of Sports Sciences 33:2, pages 109-115.
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Joseph Baker & Bradley Young. (2014) 20 years later: deliberate practice and the development of expertise in sport. International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology 7:1, pages 135-157.
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Kristy L. Smith, Patricia L. Weir, Kevin Till, Michael Romann & Stephen Cobley. (2018) Relative Age Effects Across and Within Female Sport Contexts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Medicine 48:6, pages 1451-1478.
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John R. Doyle & Paul A. Bottomley. (2018) Relative age effect in elite soccer: More early-born players, but no better valued, and no paragon clubs or countries. PLOS ONE 13:2, pages e0192209.
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