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Original Articles

Learning Adinkra symbols: The effect of testing

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Pages 351-357 | Received 01 Feb 2010, Published online: 18 Mar 2011

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Chie Hotta, Hidetsugu Tajika & Ewald Neumann. (2017) Effects of repeated retrieval on long-term retention in a nonverbal learning task in younger children. European Journal of Developmental Psychology 14:5, pages 533-544.
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Gerdien G. van Eersel, Peter P. J. L. Verkoeijen, Samantha Bouwmeester, Huib K. Tabbers & Remy M. J. P. Rikers. (2017) Does retrieval practice depend on semantic cues? Assessing the fuzzy trace account of the testing effect. Journal of Cognitive Psychology 29:5, pages 583-598.
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Kit W. Cho, James H. Neely, Stephanie Crocco & Deana Vitrano. (2017) Testing enhances both encoding and retrieval for both tested and untested items. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 70:7, pages 1211-1235.
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Articles from other publishers (32)

Brady R.T. Roberts, Colin M. MacLeod & Myra A. Fernandes. (2023) Symbol superiority: Why $ is better remembered than ‘dollar’. Cognition 238, pages 105435.
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Shana K. Carpenter, Steven C. Pan & Andrew C. Butler. (2022) The science of effective learning with spacing and retrieval practice. Nature Reviews Psychology 1:9, pages 496-511.
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Luotong Hui, Anique B. H. de Bruin, Jeroen Donkers & Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer. (2022) Why students do (or do not) choose retrieval practice: Their perceptions of mental effort during task performance matter. Applied Cognitive Psychology 36:2, pages 433-444.
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Luotong Hui, Anique B. H. de Bruin, Jeroen Donkers & Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer. (2021) Does Individual Performance Feedback Increase the Use of Retrieval Practice?. Educational Psychology Review 33:4, pages 1835-1857.
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Xiaonan L. Liu, Randall C. O'Reilly & Charan Ranganath. 2021. The Context of Cognition: Emerging Perspectives. The Context of Cognition: Emerging Perspectives 125 155 .
Kit W. Cho, Chi-Shing Tse & Yuen-Lai Chan. (2019) Normative data for Chinese-English paired associates. Behavior Research Methods 52:1, pages 440-445.
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C.S. Ferreira, I. Charest & M. Wimber. (2019) Retrieval aids the creation of a generalised memory trace and strengthens episode-unique information. NeuroImage 201, pages 115996.
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Bo Wang & Chaoyong Zhao. (2019) Testing the Retrieval Effort Theory. Swiss Journal of Psychology 78:3-4, pages 125-136.
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Kit W. Cho & Annaliisa Powers. (2019) Testing enhances both memorization and conceptual learning of categorical materials.. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition 8:2, pages 166-177.
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Timothy C. Rickard & Steven C. Pan. (2017) A dual memory theory of the testing effect. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 25:3, pages 847-869.
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Saloni Krishnan, Kate E. Watkins & Dorothy V.M. Bishop. (2017) The effect of recall, reproduction, and restudy on word learning: a pre-registered study. BMC Psychology 5:1.
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Olusola O. Adesope, Dominic A. Trevisan & Narayankripa Sundararajan. (2017) Rethinking the Use of Tests: A Meta-Analysis of Practice Testing. Review of Educational Research 87:3, pages 659-701.
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Jose Hanham, Wayne Leahy & John Sweller. (2017) Cognitive Load Theory, Element Interactivity, and the Testing and Reverse Testing Effects. Applied Cognitive Psychology 31:3, pages 265-280.
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Shana K. Carpenter & Kam Leung Yeung. (2017) The role of mediator strength in learning from retrieval. Journal of Memory and Language 92, pages 128-141.
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W. Robert BatsellJr.Jr., Jennifer L. Perry, Elizabeth Hanley & Autumn B. Hostetter. (2016) Ecological Validity of the Testing Effect. Teaching of Psychology 44:1, pages 18-23.
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Jeffrey D. Karpicke. 2017. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference. Learning and Memory: A Comprehensive Reference 487 514 .
Gerdien G. van Eersel, Peter P. J. L. Verkoeijen, Migle Povilenaite & Remy Rikers. (2016) The Testing Effect and Far Transfer: The Role of Exposure to Key Information. Frontiers in Psychology 7.
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Gesa van den Broek, Atsuko Takashima, Carola Wiklund-Hörnqvist, Linnea Karlsson Wirebring, Eliane Segers, Ludo Verhoeven & Lars Nyberg. (2016) Neurocognitive mechanisms of the “testing effect”: A review. Trends in Neuroscience and Education 5:2, pages 52-66.
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Shana K. Carpenter, Terry J. S. Lund, Clark R. Coffman, Patrick I. Armstrong, Monica H. Lamm & Robert D. Reason. (2015) A Classroom Study on the Relationship Between Student Achievement and Retrieval-Enhanced Learning. Educational Psychology Review 28:2, pages 353-375.
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Stephen Wee Hun Lim, Gavin Jun Peng Ng & Gabriel Qi Hao Wong. (2015) Learning psychological research and statistical concepts using retrieval-based practice. Frontiers in Psychology 6.
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Hyosik Choi, 연은모 & 신태섭. (2015) Effects of Strategy to Help Repeated Memory Retrieval on Students’ Memory and Metacognitive Judgments: Moderating Effects of Academic Achievement Level. Asian Journal of Education 16:2, pages 315-339.
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Tamara van Gog & John Sweller. (2015) Not New, but Nearly Forgotten: the Testing Effect Decreases or even Disappears as the Complexity of Learning Materials Increases. Educational Psychology Review 27:2, pages 247-264.
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Tamara van Gog, Liesbeth Kester, Kim Dirkx, Vincent Hoogerheide, Joris Boerboom & Peter P. J. L. Verkoeijen. (2015) Testing After Worked Example Study Does Not Enhance Delayed Problem-Solving Performance Compared to Restudy. Educational Psychology Review 27:2, pages 265-289.
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Wayne Leahy, José Hanham & John Sweller. (2015) High Element Interactivity Information During Problem Solving may Lead to Failure to Obtain the Testing Effect. Educational Psychology Review 27:2, pages 291-304.
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Katherine A. Rawson, Kalif E. Vaughn & Shana K. Carpenter. (2014) Does the benefit of testing depend on lag, and if so, why? Evaluating the elaborative retrieval hypothesis. Memory & Cognition 43:4, pages 619-633.
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Jeffrey D. Karpicke, Melissa Lehman & William R. Aue. 2014. 237 284 .
Shana K. Carpenter & Frank E. Mueller. (2013) The effects of interleaving versus blocking on foreign language pronunciation learning. Memory & Cognition 41:5, pages 671-682.
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Hyosik Choi, 민지연, 김남희 & Jongho Shin. (2013) Relation of Students' Achievement, Encoding and Retrieval in Middle and High School. Asian Journal of Education 14:1, pages 331-352.
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John Dunlosky, Katherine A. Rawson, Elizabeth J. Marsh, Mitchell J. Nathan & Daniel T. Willingham. (2013) Improving Students’ Learning With Effective Learning Techniques. Psychological Science in the Public Interest 14:1, pages 4-58.
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Tamara van Gog & Liesbeth Kester. (2012) A Test of the Testing Effect: Acquiring Problem-Solving Skills From Worked Examples. Cognitive Science 36:8, pages 1532-1541.
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Shana K. Carpenter. (2012) Testing Enhances the Transfer of Learning. Current Directions in Psychological Science 21:5, pages 279-283.
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Peter P. J. L. Verkoeijen, Samantha Bouwmeester & Gino Camp. (2012) A Short-Term Testing Effect in Cross-Language Recognition. Psychological Science 23:6, pages 567-571.
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