Impact of geo-political risk on stocks, oil, and gold returns during GFC, COVID-19, and Russian – Ukraine War

Muneer Shaik1 School of Management, Mahindra University, Hyderabad, IndiaView further author information

Syed Ahsan Jamil2 College of Commerce and Business Administration, Dhofar University, Salalah, OmanView further author information

Iqbal Thonse Hawaldar3 Department of Finance and Accounting, College of Business Administration, Kingdom University, Riffa, BahrainView further author information

Mohammad Sahabuddin4 Faculty of Business Administration, University of Science and Technology, Chittagong, BangladeshView further author information

Mustafa Raza Rabbani5 Accounting and Finance, British University of Bahrain, Saar, Kingdom of BahrainCorrespondence[email protected]

Mohd Atif6 Department of Commerce and Business Studies, Jamia Milia Islamia, New Delhi, IndiaView further author information

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