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Clinical Toxicology Volume 43, 2005 - Issue 3
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Article

Delayed Neurologic Sequelae Resulting from Epidemic Diethylene Glycol Poisoning

Dr. Sam Alfred Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia; Division of Clinical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
, F.A.C.E.M. , M.B.B.S.,
Patrick Coleman Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, Millenium Institute, Westmead, Australia
, F.R.C.A.P. , M.B. , M.R.C.P.I.,
David Harris Centre for Transplantation and Renal Research, Millenium Institute, Westmead, Australia
, F.R.A.C.P. , M.B.B.S.,
Tim Wigmore Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
, F.R.C.A. , B.A. , M.A. , B.M. , B.Ch.,
Edward Stachowski Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
, F.J.F.I.C.M. , M.B.B.S. , F.A.N.Z.C.A. &
Andis Graudins Clinical and Experimental Toxicology Unit, Department of Emergency Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia
, F.A.C.E.M. F.A.C.M.T. , M.B.B.S. , Ph.D.
Pages 155-159 | Published online: 11 Aug 2009

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Courtney N. Jamison, Robert D. Dayton, Brian Latimer, Mary P. McKinney, Hannah G. Mitchell & Kenneth E. McMartin. (2022) Diethylene glycol produces nephrotoxic and neurotoxic effects in female rats. Clinical Toxicology 60:3, pages 324-331.
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Courtney N. Jamison, Robert D. Dayton, Brian Latimer, Mary P. McKinney, Hannah G. Mitchell & Kenneth E. McMartin. (2021) Neurotoxic effects of nephrotoxic compound diethylene glycol. Clinical Toxicology 59:9, pages 810-821.
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Safwan M. Obeidat, Ayman Y. Hammoudeh & Amal Mahmoud. (2019) Identification and quantification of diethylene glycol contamination in glycerine raw material. Spectroscopy Letters 52:1, pages 60-65.
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Corie N. Robinson, Brian Latimer, Fleurette Abreo, Kiera Broussard & Kenneth E. McMartin. (2017) In-vivo evidence of nephrotoxicity and altered hepatic function in rats following administration of diglycolic acid, a metabolite of diethylene glycol. Clinical Toxicology 55:3, pages 196-205.
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Jeffrey A. Kraut. (2015) Diagnosis of toxic alcohols: limitations of present methods. Clinical Toxicology 53:7, pages 589-595.
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Nandi J. Reddy, Madhuri Sudini & Lionel D. Lewis. (2010) Delayed neurological sequelae from ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol and methanol poisonings. Clinical Toxicology 48:10, pages 967-973.
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Leo J. Schep, Robin J. Slaughter, Wayne A. Temple & D. Michael G. Beasley. (2009) Diethylene glycol poisoning. Clinical Toxicology 47:6, pages 525-535.
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Xiao M Peng, Ming Xing Huang, Lin Gu, Bing Liang Lin & Gui Hua Chen. (2009) Characteristics of patients with liver disease intravenously exposed to diethylene glycol in China 2006. Clinical Toxicology 47:2, pages 124-131.
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Ali Jangjou, Mostafa Moqadas, Leila Mohsenian, Hesam Kamyab, Shreeshivadasan Chelliapan, Sultan Alshehery, Mohammed Azam Ali, Farbod Dehbozorgi, Krishna Kumar Yadav, Masoud Khorami & Najmeh Zarei Jelyani. (2023) Awareness raising and dealing with methanol poisoning based on effective strategies. Environmental Research 228, pages 115886.
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Stanley de Almeida Araújo, Bárbara Caroline Dias Faria, Júlia Cunha Vasconcelos, Aniel Feitosa da Cruz, Vitor Santos de Souza, David Campos Wanderley & Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva. (2023) Renal toxicity caused by diethylene glycol: an overview. International Urology and Nephrology.
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Kristi J. Reed & Greg M. Landry. (2023) Diglycolic acid inhibits succinate dehydrogenase activity, depletes mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces inflammation in an SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma model of neurotoxicity in vitro. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 463, pages 116414.
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N. Jamison Courtney, K. Cuevas-Ocampo Areli, B. Flowers Ashley, W. Nam Hyung, D. Dayton Robert, P. McKinney Mary, G. Mitchell Hannah, S. Fitzgerald Joseph, E. Steib Mattie, R. Toups Colton & E. McMartin Kenneth. (2022) Histopathological evidence that diethylene glycol produces kidney and nervous system damage in rats. NeuroToxicology 91, pages 200-210.
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A.W. Jones, F. Musshoff, T. Krämer, A. E. Steuer, D. Gerostamoulos, O.H. Drummer, G. Drasch, M. Balikova, J. Beyer, H. Teixeira, M. Thevis, W. Schänzer, H. Druid & G. Skopp. 2022. Handbook of Forensic Medicine. Handbook of Forensic Medicine 1167 1312 .
Kristi J. Reed, Dylan T. Freeman & Greg M. Landry. (2021) Diethylene glycol and its metabolites induce cell death in SH-SY5Y neuronal cells in vitro. Toxicology in Vitro 75, pages 105196.
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Kenneth E. McMartin. 2018. Mitochondrial Biology and Experimental Therapeutics. Mitochondrial Biology and Experimental Therapeutics 193 211 .
Hiroki Kamada, Hideaki Suzuki, Saori Yamamoto, Ryosuke Nomura & Shigeki Kushimoto. (2017) Delayed autonomic neuropathy in a patient with diethylene glycol poisoning: a case report. Acute Medicine & Surgery 4:3, pages 326-328.
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Avneesh Gupta, Francisco J. Diaz, Anita Lal, Lokman Sung & Cynthia K. Aaron. (2017) Basal Ganglion Hemorrhage as Delayed Complication of Diethylene Glycol Ingestion. American Journal of Forensic Medicine & Pathology 38:1, pages 39-42.
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Loretta T Ford & Jonathan D Berg. (2015) Five-year review of a UK 24 hour testing service for plasma ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol. Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 53:4, pages 459-465.
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Yahia Zakaria Bashier Imam, Saadat Kamran, Hanfa Karim, Osama Elalamy, Tageldin Sokrab, Yasir Osman & Dirk Deleu. (2014) Neurological Manifestation of Recreational Fatal and Near-Fatal Diethylene Glycol Poisonings. Medicine 93:10, pages e62.
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Nestor R. Sosa, Giselle M. Rodriguez, Joshua G. Schier & James J. Sejvar. (2014) Clinical, Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Histopathologic Features of Diethylene Glycol Poisoning—Panama, 2006. Annals of Emergency Medicine 64:1, pages 38-47.
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Mark B. Mycyk. 2013. Emergency Medicine. Emergency Medicine 1292 1298.e1 .
Jeanna M. MarraffaVictor CohenMary Ann Howland. (2012) Antidotes for toxicological emergencies: A practical review. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 69:3, pages 199-212.
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Greg M. Landry, Sarah Martin & Kenneth E. McMartin. (2011) Diglycolic Acid Is the Nephrotoxic Metabolite in Diethylene Glycol Poisoning Inducing Necrosis in Human Proximal Tubule Cells In Vitro. Toxicological Sciences 124:1, pages 35-44.
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Lauren M. Besenhofer, Marie C. McLaren, Brian Latimer, Michael Bartels, Mark J. Filary, Adam W. Perala & Kenneth E. McMartin. (2011) Role of Tissue Metabolite Accumulation in the Renal Toxicity of Diethylene Glycol. Toxicological Sciences 123:2, pages 374-383.
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Lauren M. Besenhofer, Patrick A. Adegboyega, Michael Bartels, Mark J. Filary, Adam W. Perala, Marie C. McLaren & Kenneth E. McMartin. (2010) Inhibition of Metabolism of Diethylene Glycol Prevents Target Organ Toxicity in Rats. Toxicological Sciences 117:1, pages 25-35.
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Johann Morelle, Nada Kanaan & Philippe Hantson. (2010) The Case ∣ Cranial nerve palsy and acute renal failure after a ‘special drink’. Kidney International 77:6, pages 559-560.
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James F. Winchester, Nikolas B. Harbord, Pallavi Tyagi & Herman Rosen. 2010. Management of Acute Kidney Problems. Management of Acute Kidney Problems 647 659 .
Jamie Nelsen, Jeanna M. Marraffa, Christine M. Stork, Michael Hodgman & Michael G. Holland. (2009) An unusual case of dipropylene glycol toxicity. The American Journal of Emergency Medicine 27:1, pages 122-123.
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Bing-Liang Lin, Zhi-Xin Zhao, Yu-Tian Chong, Jian-Guo Li, Xing Zuo, Yu Tao, Tan-Qi Lou & Zhi-Liang Gao. (2008) Venous diethylene glycol poisoning in patients with preexisting severe liver disease in China. World Journal of Gastroenterology 14:20, pages 3236.
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G. Patrick Daubert, Abhishek Katiyar, John Wilson & Lydia Baltarowich. (2006) Encephalopathy and peripheral neuropathy following diethylene glycol ingestion. Neurology 66:5, pages 782-783.
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