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Original Articles

Class III Malocclusion: Surgery or Orthodontics?

, M.D.S., D.Orth., F.D.S., F.F.D., , B.D.S., F.D.S. &
Pages 21-24 | Received 01 Jan 1991, Published online: 21 Jun 2016

Keep up to date with the latest research on this topic with citation updates for this article.

Read on this site (4)

Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez, Luciano Carlos Soldevilla Galarza, Freddy Antonio Tolentino Solis, Cliff Wilson & Fábio Lourenço Romano. (2017) Aesthetic and functional outcomes using a multiloop edgewise archwire for camouflage orthodontic treatment of a severe Class III open bite malocclusion. Journal of Orthodontics 44:3, pages 199-208.
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Nicky Mandall, Richard Cousley, Andrew DiBiase, Fiona Dyer, Simon Littlewood, Rye Mattick, Spencer J. Nute, Barbara Doherty, Nadia Stivaros, Ross McDowall, Inderjit Shargill & Helen V. Worthington. (2016) Early class III protraction facemask treatment reduces the need for orthognathic surgery: a multi-centre, two-arm parallel randomized, controlled trial. Journal of Orthodontics 43:3, pages 164-175.
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Fang Ning, Yinzhong Duan & Na Huo. (2009) Camouflage treatment in skeletal Class III cases combined with severe crowding by extraction of four premolars. Orthodontic Waves 68:2, pages 80-87.
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Joanna M. Battagel. (1995) Chernoff Faces: An Orthodontic Application. British Journal of Orthodontics 22:2, pages 135-144.
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Articles from other publishers (49)

Karen Kai Rou Voon, Asher Ah Tong Lim, Hung Chew Wong, Yu Fan Sim & Kelvin Weng Chiong Foong. (2023) Decision-making patterns among expert and novice orthodontists and oral maxillofacial surgeons in the management of adults with Class III malocclusions and moderate degree of skeletal discrepancies. Journal of Orthodontics 50:4, pages 410-422.
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Jaeyeon Lim, Chihiro Tanikawa, Mikihiko Kogo & Takashi Yamashiro. (2022) Prognostic Factors for Orthognathic Surgery in Children With Cleft Lip and/or Palate: Dentition and Palatal Morphology. The Cleft Palate Craniofacial Journal 60:12, pages 1556-1564.
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Samim Taraji, Salih Furkan Atici, Grace Viana, Budi Kusnoto, Veersathpurush (Sath) Allareddy, Michael Miloro & Mohammed H. Elnagar. (2023) Novel Machine Learning Algorithms for Prediction of Treatment Decisions in Adult Patients With Class III Malocclusion. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 81:11, pages 1391-1402.
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G. Sreejith Kumar, Amulya Sundararaj, Babukuttan Pillai & Dan Thomas. (2023) Management of Class III malocclusion by orthodontic clockwise rotation of maxillo-mandibular complex – A case report. Journal of Contemporary Orthodontics 7:2, pages 139-144.
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Aravind Kumar Subramanian & Mathew T Maliael. (2023) Angular Relationship between the Palatal Plane and the Anterior Cranial Baseline in Different Sagittal Skeletal Relationships: A Cephalometric Study. World Journal of Dentistry 14:1, pages 27-31.
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Samet Özden, Filiz Uslu & Numan Dedeoğlu. (2023) Evaluation of bone area in the posterior region for mandibular molar distalization in class I and class III patients. Clinical Oral Investigations 27:5, pages 2041-2048.
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Grant T. McIntyre. 2023. Preadjusted Edgewise Fixed Orthodontic Appliances. Preadjusted Edgewise Fixed Orthodontic Appliances 359 370 .
Jia-Nan Zhang, Hai-Ping Lu, Jia Hou, Qiong Wang, Feng-Yang Yu, Chong Zhong, Cheng-Yi Huang & Si Chen. (2023) Deep learning-based prediction of mandibular growth trend in children with anterior crossbite using cephalometric radiographs. BMC Oral Health 23:1.
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Rojalin Sahoo, Vipul Kumar Sharma, Sneha Singh & Neeraj Kumar Dhiman. (2023) Orthodontic-surgical management of severe skeletal class iii malocclusion: A case report. National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery 14:2, pages 321-325.
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Ambereen Khan, Elissa Freer & Desmond Ong. (2022) Interdisciplinary diagnosis and treatment planning for Class III malocclusion and determining the appropriate anterior tooth positions for individual patients . Clinical Case Reports 10:11.
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Cristina Incorvati, Chiara Gulotta, Fiammetta Maria Clara Mirabile, Giovanni Badiali & Claudio Marchetti. (2022) Current Trends in Skeletal Borderline Patients: Surgical versus Orthodontic Treatment Decisions—What Is the Evidence?. Applied Sciences 12:9, pages 4636.
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Nobuhiko Kawai, Masahiko Watanabe, Manami Shibata, Shinya Horiuchi, Kenji Fushima & Eiji Tanaka. (2022) Treatment decision of camouflage or surgical orthodontic treatment for skeletal Class III patients based on analysis of masticatory function. Journal of Dental Sciences 17:2, pages 822-830.
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Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Shifat A Nowrin, Fazal Shahid, Hassan AlHarby, Huda Abutayyem, Haytham Jamil Alswairki & Sally Kamal El-Din Mohamed. (2022) Orthognathic versus Camouflage Treatment of Class III Malocclusion: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Applied Sciences 12:7, pages 3314.
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Vjera Perkovic, Andrej Pavlic, Magda Trinajstic Zrinski, Visnja Katic, Martina Zigante & Stjepan Spalj. (2021) Facial aesthetic concern is a powerful predictor of patients' decision to accept orthognathic surgery. Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 25:1, pages 112-118.
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Saritha Sivarajan, Nor Nadia Zakaria, Noor Asyikin Azmily, Mang Chek Wey, Mohamed Abd El-Ghafour & Mona M. Salah Fayed. (2022) Determination of treatment options for Class III malocclusions in adult patients based on cephalometric values: a systematic review. Australasian Orthodontic Journal 38:2, pages 183-193.
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Jun Kawamura, Jae Hyun Park, Yukio Kojima, Naohiko Tamaya, Yoon-Ah Kook, Hee-Moon Kyung & Jong-Moon Chae. (2021) Biomechanical analysis for total mesialization of the maxillary dentition: A finite element study. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 159:6, pages 790-798.
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CYS Low, DC‐V Ong & E Freer. (2020) Non‐surgical interdisciplinary management for an adult patient with a Class III malocclusion. Australian Dental Journal 66:1, pages 96-104.
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C Thiagu, Ratna Parameshwaran, SelvaA Arockiam & Devaki Vijayalakshmi. (2021) Comprehensive management of severe skeletal Class III malocclusion through a combined surgical and orthodontic approach. Journal of Dentistry Defence Section 15:1, pages 64.
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Francisco MARTINO, Manuel PEÑA & Rony JOUBERT. (2021) Surgical-orthodontic retreatment of a severe skeletal Class III malocclusion following an orthodontic camouflage. Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics 26:4.
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Harpreet Singh, Dhirendra Srivastava, Poonam Sharma, Pranav Kapoor, Sonal Mishra, Tanmay Mittal & Raj K. Maurya. (2019) Individualized Surgical Orthodontic Rehabilitation of Class III Dentofacial Deformities. International Orthodontics 17:4, pages 826-839.
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Siddhartha Dhar. (2019) Camouflage of Skeletal Class III Malocclusion in an Adult Male Using Miniscrew Anchorage From the External Oblique Ridge in Conjunction With Face Mask Wear. Journal of Indian Orthodontic Society 53:4, pages 289-294.
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H Mirmohamadsadeghi, A Bayatian, M Dashti, M Ardeshirzadeh, S Kazemifard & A Sadeghi. (2019) Comparison of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons’ and Orthodontists’ Treatment Plans for Inclined Class III Patients. Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences 4:4, pages 11-16.
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Sara Eslami, Jorge Faber, Ali Fateh, Farnaz Sheikholaemmeh, Vincenzo Grassia & Abdolreza Jamilian. (2018) Treatment decision in adult patients with class III malocclusion: surgery versus orthodontics. Progress in Orthodontics 19:1.
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G. R. Oliver, K. Grimes, N. Pandis & P. S. Fleming. (2018) A cross-sectional analysis of Wits and Riedel in adults with skeletal III malocclusion: How informative are they?. Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research 21:3, pages 119-124.
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Zaki Hakami, Po Jung Chen, Ahmad Ahmida, Nandakumar Janakiraman & Flavio Uribe. (2018) Miniplate-Aided Mandibular Dentition Distalization as a Camouflage Treatment of a Class III Malocclusion in an Adult. Case Reports in Dentistry 2018, pages 1-9.
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Farhad B. Naini & Daljit S. Gill. 2016. Orthognathic Surgery. Orthognathic Surgery 83 108 .
Rafael Mora Hurtado, Isaac Guzmán Valdivia, Manuel Olivar Cedeño & Óscar Miranda Herrera. (2016) Surgical-orthodontic treatment for skeletal class III correction. Case report. Revista Mexicana de Ortodoncia 4:4, pages e258-e268.
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Rafael Mora Hurtado, Isaac Guzmán Valdivia, Manuel Olivar Cedeño & Óscar Miranda Herrera. (2016) Tratamiento ortodóncico-quirúrgico para corrección de clase III esquelética. Presentación de un caso clínico. Revista Mexicana de Ortodoncia 4:4, pages 260-270.
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Padhraig Fleming & Robert LeeAndrew DiBiase. 2016. Orthodontic Functional Appliances. Orthodontic Functional Appliances 119 126 .
Jitesh Haryani, Amit Nagar, Divya Mehrotra & Rani Ranabhatt. (2016) Management of severe skeletal Class III malocclusion with bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Contemporary Clinical Dentistry 7:4, pages 574.
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Lahcen Ousehal, Asmaa El Mabrak & Fatmi Kadiri. (2015) Gestion orthodontico-chirurgicale d’un cas de Classe III squelettique. International Orthodontics 13:4, pages 555-566.
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Lahcen Ousehal, Asmaa El Mabrak & Fatmi Kadiri. (2015) Orthodontic and surgical management of a skeletal Class III case. International Orthodontics 13:4, pages 555-566.
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María Fernanda Sánchez Rodríguez, Beatriz Gurrola Martínez & Adán Casasa Araujo. (2015) Orthodontic-surgical correction with a bilateral mandibular ramus sagittal osteotomy of a skeletal Class III maloclussion. Revista Mexicana de Ortodoncia 3:3, pages e162-e168.
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María Fernanda Sánchez Rodríguez, Beatriz Gurrola Martínez & Adán Casasa Araujo. (2015) Maloclusión de clase III esquelética, tratamiento ortodóncico-quirúrgico con osteotomía sagital de rama mandibular bilateral. Revista Mexicana de Ortodoncia 3:3, pages 162-169.
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Katherine Georgalis & Michael G. Woods. (2015) A study of Class III treatment: orthodontic camouflage vs orthognathic surgery. Australasian Orthodontic Journal 31:2, pages 138-148.
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Xueyan Xiong, Yaxin Yu & Fengshan Chen. (2013) Orthodontic camouflage versus orthognathic surgery: A comparative analysis of long-term stability and satisfaction in moderate skeletal Class III. Open Journal of Stomatology 03:01, pages 89-93.
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Shiu-Shiung Lin, Jui-Pin Lai, Yea-Yin Yen, I-Cherng Chen, An-Hsiung Kuo & I-Chun Yeh. (2012) Investigation into the prediction accuracy of photocephalometry for skeletal Class III adult female patients treated with two-jaw surgery. Journal of Dental Sciences 7:2, pages 137-147.
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Hicham Benyahia, Mohamed Faouzi Azaroual, Claude Garcia, Edith Hamou, Redouane Abouqal & Fatima Zaoui. (2011) Traitement des malocclusions de classe III squelettique : chirurgie orthognathique ou camouflage orthodontique ; les facteurs decisionnels. International Orthodontics 9:2, pages 196-209.
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Hicham Benyahia, Mohamed Faouzi Azaroual, Claude Garcia, Edith Hamou, Redouane Abouqal & Fatima Zaoui. (2011) Treatment of skeletal class III malocclusions: Orthognathic surgery or orthodontic camouflage? How to decide. International Orthodontics 9:2, pages 196-209.
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Janka Kochel, Stefanie Emmerich, Philipp Meyer-Marcotty & Angelika Stellzig-Eisenhauer. (2011) New model for surgical and nonsurgical therapy in adults with Class III malocclusion. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 139:2, pages e165-e174.
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Hatice Gokalp, Volkan Güney & Gokmen Kurt. (2010) Late Growth Period Orthopedic Therapy Versus Bimaxillary Surgery for Correction of Skeletal Class III. Journal of Craniofacial Surgery 21:3, pages 741-747.
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Fang NingYinzhong Duan. (2010) Camouflage treatment in adult skeletal Class III cases by extraction of two lower premolars. The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 40:5, pages 349.
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Beth A. Troy, Shiva Shanker, Henry W. Fields, Katherine Vig & William Johnston. (2009) Comparison of incisor inclination in patients with Class III malocclusion treated with orthognathic surgery or orthodontic camouflage. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 135:2, pages 146.e1-146.e9.
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Dror Aizenbud, Micha Peled & Alvaro A. Figueroa. (2008) A Combined Orthodontic and Surgical Approach in Osteogenesis Imperfecta and Severe Class III Malocclusion: Case Report. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 66:5, pages 1045-1053.
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Kiyoe Tanaka, Kazunori Yamaguchi, Hitomi Tamura & Toshimichi Ichida. (2007) Changes of Chewing Movement Before and After Orthognathic Surgical Treatment in Skeletal Class III Patients. The Journal of the Kyushu Dental Society 60:6, pages 179-190.
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Chris Johnston, Donald Burden, David Kennedy, Nigel Harradine & Mike Stevenson. (2006) Class III surgical-orthodontic treatment: A cephalometric study. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 130:3, pages 300-309.
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Angelika Stellzig-Eisenhauer, Christopher J. Lux & Gabriele Schuster. (2002) Treatment decision in adult patients with Class III malocclusion: Orthodontic therapy or orthognathic surgery?. American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics 122:1, pages 27-37.
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G.D. Singh. (1999) Morphologic determinants in the etiology of class III malocclusions: A review. Clinical Anatomy 12:5, pages 382-405.
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G.D. Singh, J.A. McNamaraJrJr & S. Lozanoff. (1997) Spline analysis of the mandible in human subjects with Class III malocclusion. Archives of Oral Biology 42:5, pages 345-353.
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